Molecular Cell,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
83(10), P. 1693 - 1709.e9
Published: May 1, 2023
Cargo
sequestration
is
a
fundamental
step
of
selective
autophagy
in
which
cells
generate
double-membrane
structure
termed
an
"autophagosome"
on
the
surface
cargoes.
NDP52,
TAX1BP1,
and
p62
bind
FIP200,
recruits
ULK1/2
complex
to
initiate
autophagosome
formation
How
OPTN
initiates
during
remains
unknown
despite
its
importance
neurodegeneration.
Here,
we
uncover
unconventional
path
PINK1/Parkin
mitophagy
initiation
by
that
does
not
begin
with
FIP200
binding
or
require
kinases.
Using
gene-edited
cell
lines
vitro
reconstitutions,
show
utilizes
kinase
TBK1,
binds
directly
class
III
phosphatidylinositol
3-kinase
I
mitophagy.
During
NDP52
initiation,
TBK1
functionally
redundant
ULK1/2,
classifying
TBK1's
role
as
autophagy-initiating
kinase.
Overall,
this
work
reveals
mechanistically
distinct
highlights
mechanistic
plasticity
pathways.
Autophagy,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
17(1), P. 1 - 382
Published: Jan. 2, 2021
In
2008,
we
published
the
first
set
of
guidelines
for
standardizing
research
in
autophagy.
Since
then,
this
topic
has
received
increasing
attention,
and
many
scientists
have
entered
field.
Our
knowledge
base
relevant
new
technologies
also
been
expanding.
Thus,
it
is
important
to
formulate
on
a
regular
basis
updated
monitoring
autophagy
different
organisms.
Despite
numerous
reviews,
there
continues
be
confusion
regarding
acceptable
methods
evaluate
autophagy,
especially
multicellular
eukaryotes.
Here,
present
investigators
select
interpret
examine
related
processes,
reviewers
provide
realistic
reasonable
critiques
reports
that
are
focused
these
processes.
These
not
meant
dogmatic
rules,
because
appropriateness
any
assay
largely
depends
question
being
asked
system
used.
Moreover,
no
individual
perfect
every
situation,
calling
use
multiple
techniques
properly
monitor
each
experimental
setting.
Finally,
several
core
components
machinery
implicated
distinct
autophagic
processes
(canonical
noncanonical
autophagy),
implying
genetic
approaches
block
should
rely
targeting
two
or
more
autophagy-related
genes
ideally
participate
steps
pathway.
Along
similar
lines,
proteins
involved
regulate
other
cellular
pathways
including
apoptosis,
all
them
can
used
as
specific
marker
bona
fide
responses.
critically
discuss
current
assessing
information
they
can,
cannot,
provide.
ultimate
goal
encourage
intellectual
technical
innovation
The Journal of Cell Biology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
219(6)
Published: May 1, 2020
Autophagosome
biogenesis
involves
de
novo
formation
of
a
membrane
that
elongates
to
sequester
cytoplasmic
cargo
and
closes
form
double-membrane
vesicle
(an
autophagosome).
This
process
has
remained
enigmatic
since
its
initial
discovery
>50
yr
ago,
but
our
understanding
the
mechanisms
involved
in
autophagosome
increased
substantially
during
last
20
yr.
Several
key
questions
do
remain
open,
however,
including,
What
determines
site
nucleation?
is
origin
lipid
composition
membrane?
How
sequestration
regulated
under
nonselective
selective
types
autophagy?
review
provides
insight
into
core
molecular
underlying
biogenesis,
with
specific
emphasis
on
modeling
events,
highlights
recent
conceptual
advances
field.
Cell Discovery,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
6(1)
Published: May 25, 2020
Autophagosome
biogenesis
is
a
dynamic
membrane
event,
which
executed
by
the
sequential
function
of
autophagy-related
(ATG)
proteins.
Upon
autophagy
induction,
cup-shaped
structure
appears
in
cytoplasm,
then
elongates
sequestering
cytoplasmic
materials,
and
finally
forms
closed
double
autophagosome.
However,
how
this
complex
vesicle
formation
event
strictly
controlled
achieved
still
enigmatic.
Recently,
there
accumulating
evidence
showing
that
some
ATG
proteins
have
ability
to
directly
interact
with
membranes,
transfer
lipids
between
membranes
regulate
lipid
metabolism.
A
novel
role
for
various
autophagosome
also
emerging.
Here,
we
highlight
past
recent
key
findings
on
related
consider
control
organize
collaborating
lipids.
