International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(23), P. 12813 - 12813
Published: Nov. 28, 2024
Litopenaeus
vannamei,
with
an
annual
production
of
5–6
million
tons
and
a
value
USD
50–60
billion,
is
cornerstone
global
aquaculture.
However,
molting-related
losses
5–20%
significantly
impact
this
industry,
the
physiological
mechanisms
molting
remain
unclear.
This
study
aims
to
elucidate
role
eclosion
hormone
(EH)
in
regulation
enhances
understanding
physiology
L.
vannamei.
investigated
vannamei
regulation.
Two
EH
cDNAs,
LvEH
I
II,
were
identified,
their
expression
patterns
across
tissues
seven
stages
(A,
B,
C,
D0,
D1,
D2,
D3)
analyzed.
was
predominantly
expressed
gill,
epidermis,
eyestalk,
while
II
mainly
eyestalk
brain.
highly
gills
at
D2
D3
molting,
whereas
both
(brain)
(eyestalk)
stages.
RNA
interference
(RNAi)
targeting
revealed
its
critical
as
silencing
disrupted
molting-regulation
genes,
ETH,
CCAP,
CHH,
CDA,
bursicon
(Burs),
delaying
process.
These
findings
highlight
indispensable
for
normal
provide
foundation
developing
effective
management
strategies
reduce
industry
losses.
Frontiers in Physiology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Dec. 1, 2020
Insect
ecdysis
triggering
hormone
(ETH)
receptors
(ETHRs)
are
rhodopsin-like
G
protein-coupled
receptors.
Upon
binding
its
ligand
ETH,
ETHR
initiates
a
precisely
programed
behavior
series
and
physiological
events.
In
Drosophila
melanogaster
,
the
ethr
gene
produces
two
functionally
distinct
splicing
isoforms,
ethra
ethrb
.
ETH/ETHRA
activates
eclosion
(EH),
kinin,
crustacean
cardioactive
peptide
(CCAP),
bursicon
(burs
pburs)
neurons,
among
others,
in
rigid
order,
to
elicit
behavioral
sequences
actions
for
at
all
developmental
stages,
whereas
ETH/ETHRB
is
required
both
pupal
adult
ecdysis.
However,
role
of
ETHRB
regulation
molting
has
not
been
clarified
any
non-drosophila
insects.
present
paper,
we
found
that
20-hydroxyecdysone
(20E)
signaling
triggers
expression
Coleopteran
insect
pest,
Colorado
potato
beetle
Leptinotarsa
decemlineata
RNA
interference
(RNAi)
was
performed
using
double-stranded
RNAs
(dsRNAs)
targeting
common
(ds
)
or
isoform-specific
ds
regions
RNAi
by
final-instar
larvae
arrested
larva
development.
The
arrest
rescued
feeding
20E.
All
depleted
stopped
development
prepupae
stage;
body
cavity
expanded
large
amount
liquid.
Comparably,
more
than
80%
developmentally
halted
stage.
remaining
Ldethrb
hypomorphs
became
pupae,
with
blackened
wings
highly-expressed
burs
pburs
four
melanin
biosynthesis
genes.
Therefore,
ETHRA
play
roles
during
larva-pupa
transition
L.
Marine Drugs,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
19(8), P. 452 - 452
Published: Aug. 7, 2021
The
neuropeptides
involved
in
the
regulation
of
reproduction
Pacific
oyster
(Crassostrea
gigas)
are
quite
diverse.
To
investigate
this
diversity,
a
transcriptomic
survey
visceral
ganglia
(VG)
was
carried
out
over
an
annual
reproductive
cycle.
RNA-seq
data
from
26
samples
corresponding
to
VG
at
different
stages
were
de
novo
assembled
generate
specific
reference
transcriptome
nervous
system
and
used
identify
differentially
expressed
transcripts.
Transcriptome
mining
led
identification
novel
neuropeptide
precursors
(NPPs)
related
bilaterian
Eclosion
Hormone
(EH),
crustacean
female
sex
hormone/Interleukin
17,
Nesfatin,
neuroparsin/IGFBP,
prokineticins,
urotensin
I;
protostome
GNQQN,
pleurin,
prohormones
3
4,
prothoracotropic
hormones
(PTTH),
QSamide/PXXXamide;
lophotrochozoan
CCWamide,
CLCCY,
HFAamide,
LXRX;
mollusk-specific
NPPs
CCCGS,
clionin,
FYFY,
GNamide,
GRWRN,
GSWN,
GWE,
IWMPxxGYxx,
LXRYamide,
RTLFamide,
SLRFamide,
WGAGamide.
Among
complete
repertoire
NPPs,
no
sex-biased
expression
observed.
However,
25
displayed
stage-specific
expression,
supporting
their
involvement
control
gametogenesis
or
associated
metabolisms.
Neuropeptides
are
ancient
signaling
molecules
in
animals
but
only
few
peptide
receptors
known
outside
bilaterians.
Cnidarians
possess
a
large
number
of
G
protein-coupled
(GPCRs)
–
the
most
common
bilaterian
neuropeptides
these
remain
orphan
with
no
ligands.
We
searched
for
sea
anemone
Nematostella
vectensis
and
created
library
64
peptides
derived
from
33
precursors.
In
large-scale
pharmacological
screen
161
N.
GPCRs,
we
identified
31
specifically
activated
by
1
to
3
14
peptides.
Mapping
GPCR
neuropeptide
expression
single-cell
sequencing
data
revealed
how
cnidarian
tissues
extensively
connected
multilayer
peptidergic
networks.
Phylogenetic
analysis
direct
orthology
systems
supports
independent
expansion
cnidarians
ancestral
peptide-receptor
pairs.
