Higher-order thalamic nuclei facilitate the generalization and maintenance of spike-and-wave discharges of absence seizures DOI Creative Commons
Zoe Atherton, Olivér Nagy, Lívia Barcsai

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 3, 2022

ABSTRACT Spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs), generated by the cortico-thalamo-cortical (CTC) network, are pathological, large amplitude oscillations and hallmark of absence seizures (ASs). SWDs begin in a cortical initiation network both humans animal models, including Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS), where it is located primary somatosensory cortex (S1). The behavioral manifestation an AS occurs when spread site to whole brain, however, mechanisms behind this rapid propagation remain unclear. Here we investigated these processes beyond principal CTC higher-order (HO) thalamic nuclei (lateral posterior (LP) (PO) nuclei) since their diffuse connectivity known facilitation intracortical communications make key candidates support SWD generation maintenance. In freely moving GAERS, multi-site LFP LP, PO multiple regions revealed novel feature SWDs: during there short periods (named SWD-breaks) far S1, such visual (V1), become transiently unsynchronized ongoing EEG rhythm. Inactivation HO with local muscimol injections or optogenetic perturbation activity increased occurrence SWD-breaks former intervention also propagation-time S1. neural underpinnings findings were explored further silicon probe recordings single units which uncovered two previously unknown groups excitatory neurons based on burst firing dynamics at onset. Moreover, switch tonic onset was shown be important much less prominent for non-generalized events, i.e. that remained Additionally, one group showed reverse SWD-breaks, demonstrating importance pattern throughout SWD. summary, results view utilized contribute synchrony paroxysmal discharge.

Language: Английский

Higher-order thalamic nuclei facilitate the generalization and maintenance of spike-and-wave discharges of absence seizures DOI Creative Commons

Zoe Atherton,

Olivér Nagy,

Lívia Barcsai

et al.

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 178, P. 106025 - 106025

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

Spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs), generated by the cortico-thalamo-cortical (CTC) network, are pathological, large amplitude oscillations and hallmark of absence seizures (ASs). SWDs begin in a cortical initiation network both humans animal models, including Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS), where it is located primary somatosensory cortex (S1). The behavioral manifestation an AS occurs when spread site to whole brain, however, mechanisms behind this rapid propagation remain unclear. Here we investigated these processes beyond principal CTC higher-order (HO) thalamic nuclei (lateral posterior (LP) (PO) nuclei) since their diffuse connectivity known facilitation intracortical communications make key candidates support SWD generation maintenance. In freely moving GAERS, multi-site LFP LP, PO multiple regions revealed novel feature SWDs: during there short periods (named SWD-breaks) far S1, such visual (V1), become transiently unsynchronized ongoing EEG rhythm. Inactivation HO with local muscimol injections or optogenetic perturbation activity increased occurrence SWD-breaks former intervention also propagation-time S1. neural underpinnings findings were explored further silicon probe recordings single units which uncovered two previously unknown groups excitatory neurons based on burst firing dynamics at onset. Moreover, switch tonic onset was shown be important much less prominent for non-generalized events, i.e. that remained Additionally, one group showed reverse SWD-breaks, demonstrating importance pattern throughout SWD. summary, results view utilized contribute synchrony paroxysmal discharge.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Heartbeat-evoked potentials following voluntary hyperventilation in epilepsy patients: respiratory influences on cardiac interoception DOI Creative Commons
Niovi A. Stoupi, Marieke Lieve Weijs, Lukas L. Imbach

et al.

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: July 5, 2024

Introduction Current evidence indicates a modulating role of respiratory processes in cardiac interoception, yet whether altered breathing patterns influence heartbeat-evoked potentials (HEP) remains inconclusive. Methods Here, we examined the effects voluntary hyperventilation (VH) as part clinical routine examination on scalp-recorded HEPs epilepsy patients ( N = 80). Results Using cluster-based permutation analyses, HEP amplitudes were compared across pre-VH and post-VH conditions within young elderly subgroups, well for total sample. No differences detected younger participants or full sample, while an increased late during to was fond senior group, denoting decreased interoceptive processing after hyperventilation. Discussion The present study, thus, provides initial breathing-related modulations patients, emphasizing potential neural marker that could partially extend representation pulmonary signaling. We speculate aberrant CO 2 -chemosensing, coupled with disturbances autonomic regulation, might constitute underlying pathophysiological mechanism behind obtained effect. Available databases involving patient records VH assessment may valuable asset disentangling interplay ventilatory information various groups, providing thorough data parse, statistical power estimates higher precision through large-scale studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Respiratory modulations of cortical excitability and interictal spike timing in focal epilepsy - a case report DOI Creative Commons
Daniel S. Kluger,

Tim Erdbrügger,

Christina Stier

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Summary Brain activity in focal epilepsy is marked by a pronounced excitation-inhibition (E:I) imbalance and interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) observed periods between recurrent seizures. As marker of E:I balance, aperiodic neural its underlying 1/f characteristic reflect the dynamic interplay excitatory inhibitory currents. Recent studies have independently assessed changes both context body-brain interactions neurotypical individuals where respiratory rhythm has emerged as potential modulator excitability states brain. Here, we investigate respiration phase-locked modulations balance their involvement timing spike case report 25 year-old patient using magnetoencephalography (MEG). We show that i) differentially modulates compared to N = 40 controls ii) IED depends on states. These findings overall suggest an intricate excitation consequential susceptibility for generation hope they will spark interest subsequent work coupling epilepsy.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Epilepsy, breathing and bodily physiology DOI
Toru Horinouchi, Alessandro Colasanti, Yoko Nagai

et al.

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 405 - 417

Published: March 18, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Attenuating midline thalamus bursting to mitigate absence epilepsy DOI Open Access
Ping Dong, Konstantin I. Bakhurin, Yuhui Li

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 18, 2023

Abstract Advancing the mechanistic understanding of absence epilepsy is crucial for developing new therapeutics, especially patients unresponsive to current treatments. Utilizing a recently developed mouse model carrying BK gain-of-function channelopathy D434G, here we report that attenuating burst firing midline thalamus (MLT) neurons effectively prevents seizures. We found enhanced channel activity in BK-D434G MLT promotes synchronized bursting during ictal phase Modulating through pharmacological reagents, optogenetic stimulation, or deep brain stimulation attenuates firing, leading reduced seizure frequency and increased vigilance. Additionally, enhancing vigilance by amphetamine, stimulant medication, physical perturbation also suppresses These findings suggest promising target clinical interventions. Our diverse approaches offer valuable insights therapeutics treat epilepsy. Highlights The key thalamic region pathogenesis exhibit phase. contributes Attenuating increases seizures

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Adrenergic mechanisms of absence status epilepticus DOI Creative Commons
Evgenia Sitnikova

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 22, 2023

Absence status epilepticus is a prolonged, generalized absence seizure that lasts more than half an hour. The mechanisms underlying the of are still not entirely understood. In this study, study concentrates on alpha2-adrenergic using WAG/Rij rat model. model, prolonged spike–wave activity was associated with specific behavioral state in transition between sedation («alpha2-wakefulness»)-resembled human patients. Pharmacological activation alpha2-adrenoreceptors may target locus coeruleus (presynaptic alpha2-adrenoreceptors) and thalamic part seizure-generating thalamocortical system (postsynaptic alpha2B-adrenoreceptors). duration EEG-behavioral correlates dose-dependent predetermined by intensity seizures at baseline. This model could help scientists better understand causes develop effective personalized treatments for each individual.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Higher-order thalamic nuclei facilitate the generalization and maintenance of spike-and-wave discharges of absence seizures DOI Creative Commons
Zoe Atherton, Olivér Nagy, Lívia Barcsai

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 3, 2022

ABSTRACT Spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs), generated by the cortico-thalamo-cortical (CTC) network, are pathological, large amplitude oscillations and hallmark of absence seizures (ASs). SWDs begin in a cortical initiation network both humans animal models, including Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS), where it is located primary somatosensory cortex (S1). The behavioral manifestation an AS occurs when spread site to whole brain, however, mechanisms behind this rapid propagation remain unclear. Here we investigated these processes beyond principal CTC higher-order (HO) thalamic nuclei (lateral posterior (LP) (PO) nuclei) since their diffuse connectivity known facilitation intracortical communications make key candidates support SWD generation maintenance. In freely moving GAERS, multi-site LFP LP, PO multiple regions revealed novel feature SWDs: during there short periods (named SWD-breaks) far S1, such visual (V1), become transiently unsynchronized ongoing EEG rhythm. Inactivation HO with local muscimol injections or optogenetic perturbation activity increased occurrence SWD-breaks former intervention also propagation-time S1. neural underpinnings findings were explored further silicon probe recordings single units which uncovered two previously unknown groups excitatory neurons based on burst firing dynamics at onset. Moreover, switch tonic onset was shown be important much less prominent for non-generalized events, i.e. that remained Additionally, one group showed reverse SWD-breaks, demonstrating importance pattern throughout SWD. summary, results view utilized contribute synchrony paroxysmal discharge.

Language: Английский

Citations

0