Language network lateralization is reflected throughout the macroscale functional organization of cortex

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: June 9, 2023

Hemispheric specialization is a fundamental feature of human brain organization. However, it not yet clear to what extent the lateralization specific cognitive processes may be evident throughout broad functional architecture cortex. While majority people exhibit left-hemispheric language dominance, substantial minority population shows reverse lateralization. Using twin and family data from Human Connectome Project, we provide evidence that atypical dominance associated with global shifts in cortical Individuals organization corresponding hemispheric differences macroscale gradients situate discrete large-scale networks along continuous spectrum, extending unimodal through association territories. Analyses reveal both gradient asymmetries are, part, driven by genetic factors. These findings pave way for deeper understanding origins relationships linking population-level variability properties

Language: Английский

---

Functional and structural brain asymmetries in language processing

Handbook of clinical neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 269 - 287

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

A Comparative Perspective on the Cerebello-Cerebral System and Its Link to Cognition

The Cerebellum, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 1293 - 1307

Published: Nov. 23, 2022

The longstanding idea that the cerebral cortex is main neural correlate of human cognition can be elaborated by comparative analyses along vertebrate phylogenetic tree support view cerebello-cerebral system suited to non-motor functions more generally. In humans, diverse accounts have illustrated cerebellar involvement in cognitive functions. Although neocortex, and its transmodal association cortices such as prefrontal cortex, become disproportionately large over primate evolution specifically, neocortical volume does not appear exceptional relative variability within primates. Rather, several lines evidence indicate volumetric increase lateral cerebellum conjunction with connectivity cortical may linked mental operation This supported diverging adaptations potentially coevolve abilities across other vertebrates dolphins, parrots, elephants. Modular upon thus help better understand neuroevolutionary trajectory brain relation humans. Lateral lobules crura I-II their reciprocal connections areas substantially expanded great apes, This, notable ventral portions dentate nucleus a shift increased prefrontal-cerebellar connectivity, suggests modular sum, we show how neuroscience provides new avenues broaden our understanding context cognition.

Language: Английский

---

Diverging asymmetry of intrinsic functional organization in autism

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(10), P. 4331 - 4341

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

Abstract Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition involving atypical sensory-perceptual functions together with language and socio-cognitive deficits. Previous work has reported subtle alterations in the asymmetry of brain structure reduced laterality functional activation individuals autism relative to non-autistic (NAI). However, whether asymmetries show altered intrinsic systematic organization remains unclear. Here, we examined inter- intra-hemispheric gradients capturing connectome along three axes, stretching between sensory-default, somatomotor-visual, default-multiple demand networks, study system-level hemispheric imbalances autism. We observed decreased leftward network autism, NAI. Whereas varied across age groups NAI, this was not case suggesting may result from developmental trajectories. Finally, that intra- but inter-hemispheric features were predictive severity autistic traits. Our findings illustrate how regional patterned lateralization at system level. Such differences be rooted trajectories

Language: Английский

---

Evolution of Human Brain Left–Right Asymmetry: Old Genes with New Functions

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(9)

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

Abstract The human brain is generally anatomically symmetrical, boasting mirror-like regions in the left and right hemispheres. Despite this symmetry, fine-scale structural asymmetries are prevalent believed to be responsible for distinct functional divisions within brain. Prior studies propose that these asymmetric structures predominantly primate specific or even unique humans, suggesting genes contributing asymmetry of might have evolved recently. In our study, we identified approximately 1,500 traits associated with by collecting paired magnetic resonance imaging features from UK Biobank. Each trait measured a region one hemisphere mirrored corresponding other hemisphere. Conducting genome-wide association on traits, over 1,000 quantitative loci. Around index single nucleotide polymorphisms, found 200 enriched brain-related Gene Ontology terms upregulated tissues. Interestingly, most evolutionarily old, originating just prior emergence Bilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals) Euteleostomi (bony vertebrates brain), at significantly higher ratio than expected. Further analyses reveal brain-specific upregulation humans relative mammalian species. This suggests has been shaped ancient assumed new functions time.

Language: Английский

---

Genetic, transcriptomic, metabolic, and neuropsychiatric underpinnings of cortical functional gradients

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Abstract Functional gradients capture the organization of functional activity in cerebral cortex, delineating transitions from sensory to higher-order association areas. While group-level gradient patterns are well-characterized, biological mechanisms underlying individual variability remain poorly understood. Here, we integrate genetic, transcriptomic, and metabolic data across large-scale cohorts investigate basis their relevance neuropsychiatric conditions. Using twin-based heritability analyses genome-wide studies (GWAS) over 30,000 individuals based on three datasets, identified consistent five genetic loci associated with organization. These linked sixteen genes involved pathways, gene expression spatially correlating gradients. Furthermore, observed significant associations between cardiovascular biomarkers architecture. Polygenic risk scores for conditions, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress were significantly loadings, suggesting shared influences mental health risk. Our findings highlight a complex interplay variation, processes, brain function, offering new insights into foundations its implications vulnerability.

Language: Английский

---

Using rare genetic mutations to revisit structural brain asymmetry

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 26, 2024

Abstract Asymmetry between the left and right hemisphere is a key feature of brain organization. Hemispheric functional specialization underlies some most advanced human-defining cognitive operations, such as articulated language, perspective taking, or rapid detection facial cues. Yet, genetic investigations into asymmetry have mostly relied on common variants, which typically exert small effects brain-related phenotypes. Here, we leverage rare genomic deletions duplications to study how alterations reverberate in human behavior. We designed pattern-learning approach dissect impact eight high-effect-size copy number variations (CNVs) multi-site cohort 552 CNV carriers 290 non-carriers. Isolated multivariate patterns spotlighted regions thought subserve lateralized functions, including hearing, well visual, face word recognition. Planum temporale emerged especially susceptible specific gene sets. Targeted analysis variants through genome-wide association (GWAS) consolidated partly diverging influences versus planum structure. In conclusion, our gene-brain-behavior data fusion highlights consequences genetically controlled lateralization uniquely capacities.

Language: Английский

---

Exploring Brain Size Asymmetry and Its Relationship with Predation Risk Among Chinese Anurans

Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 38 - 38

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Brain size asymmetry differs considerably across species, including humans, vertebrates, and invertebrates. The subtle structural, functional, or differences between the two brain sides are associated with processing specific cognitive tasks. To evaluate sizes of left right whole regions effect predation risk (i.e., snake density) on among Chinese anurans, we compared hemisphere anuran species analyzed correlations index regions. We found that when one side was consistently larger than other, there a significant difference regions, displaying directional also total positively correlated olfactory bulb optic tecta hemispheres were ones. Meanwhile, telencephalon However, non-significant 99 anurans. Our findings suggest an increased linked to sociality is likely drive increase in size.

Language: Английский

---

Altered Hemispheric Asymmetry of Functional Hierarchy in Schizophrenia

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 313 - 313

Published: March 16, 2025

Background/Objectives: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by deficits in perception and advanced cognitive functions. Prior studies have reported abnormal lateralization cortical morphology functional connectivity schizophrenia. However, it remains unclear whether schizophrenia affects hemispheric asymmetry the hierarchical organization of connectome. Methods: Here, we apply gradient mapping framework to connectome estimate first three gradients, which characterize unimodal-to-transmodal, visual-to-somatomotor, somatomotor/default mode-to-multiple demand hierarchy axes. We then assess between-group differences intra- inter-hemispheric asymmetries these gradients. Results: find that, compared healthy controls, patients with exhibit significantly altered across multiple networks, including dorsal attention, ventral visual, control networks. Region-level analyses further reveal that show several regions prefrontal gyrus, medial superior frontal somatomotor areas. Lastly, gradients can differentiate between controls predict severity positive symptoms Conclusions: Collectively, findings suggest associated hierarchy, providing novel perspectives for understanding atypical brain

Language: Английский

---

Functional connectivity gradients of the cingulate cortex

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: June 19, 2023

Heterogeneity of the cingulate cortex is evident in multiple dimensions including anatomy, function, connectivity, and involvement networks diseases. Using recently developed functional connectivity gradient approach resting-state MRI data, we found three gradients that captured distinct hierarchical organization. The principal exhibited a radiating organization with transitions from middle toward both anterior posterior parts was related to canonical corresponding behavioral domains. second showed an anterior-posterior axis across had prominent geometric distance dependence. third displayed marked differentiation subgenual caudal other associated cortical morphology. Aside providing updated framework for understanding multifaceted nature heterogeneity, observed may constitute novel research agenda potential applications basic clinical neuroscience.

Language: Английский

---