A generalized cortical activity pattern at internally generated mental context boundaries during unguided narrative recall

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 30, 2022

Current theory and empirical studies suggest that humans segment continuous experiences into events based on the mismatch between predicted actual sensory inputs; detection of these ‘event boundaries’ evokes transient neural responses. However, boundaries can also occur at transitions internal mental states, without relevant external input changes. To what extent do such ‘internal share response properties with externally driven boundaries? We conducted an fMRI experiment where subjects watched a series short movies then verbally recalled movies, unprompted, in order their choosing. During recall, thus constituted major contexts, generated purely by subjects’ unguided thoughts. Following offset each movie, we observed stereotyped spatial activation patterns default mode network, especially posterior medial cortex, consistent across different movie contents even tasks watching recall. Surprisingly, between-movie boundary did not resemble within movie. Thus, contexts elicit phenomena shared modes distinct from within-context event detection, potentially reflecting cognitive state related to flushing reconfiguration situation models.

Language: Английский

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The Neural Basis of Event Segmentation: Stable Features in the Environment are Reflected by Neural States

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2024

Our senses receive a continuous stream of complex information. Parsing this information into meaningful events allows us to extract relevant information, remember it, and act upon it. Previous research has related these so-called ‘neural states’: temporally regionally specific stable patterns brain activity, which tend coincide with in the stimulus. Neural states show temporal cortical hierarchy: short are present early sensory areas, while longer can be found higher-level areas. Here we investigated what neural represent. We hypothesized that at different levels hierarchy shaped by aspects stimulus areas responsive. To test hypothesis, analyzed fMRI data participants watching movie, using data-driven method identify states. support for aforementioned hypothesis: specifically parahippocampal place area retrosplenial cortex, known sensitive places, showed an alignment between state boundaries moments movie change location, independent changes visual features. These findings suggest reflect features (internal model of) external environment, partly reflects scales representations environment evolve.

Language: Английский

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Mapping patterns of thought onto brain activity during movie-watching

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Abstract Movie-watching is a central aspect of our lives and an important paradigm for understanding the brain mechanisms behind cognition as it occurs in daily life. Contemporary views ongoing thought argue that ability to make sense events ‘here now’ depend on neural processing incoming sensory information by auditory visual cortex, which are kept check systems association cortex. However, we currently lack how patterns thoughts map onto different when watch film, partly because methods sampling experience disrupt dynamics activity movie-watching. Our study established novel method mapping at moments does not time course or movie-watching experience. We found highlighted engagement with multi-sensory features film episodic features, regions cortex were more active subsequent memory movie was better—on other hand, periods intrusive distraction emerged within frontoparietal system reduced. These results highlight critical role play multi- modal provide evidence reducing films. Significance statement States like window into know relatively little about between during movies associated difficulties measuring without disrupting naturally unfolds. establish link experiential states minimal interruptions viewers disruptions dynamics. occur films high. In contrast, reduced study, therefore, establishes both core

Language: Английский

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Contemporary neurocognitive models of memory: A descriptive comparative analysis

Neuropsychologia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 196, P. 108846 - 108846

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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Taking time to compose thoughts with prefrontal schemata

Experimental Brain Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 242(5), P. 1101 - 1114

Published: March 14, 2024

Abstract Under what conditions can prefrontal cortex direct the composition of brain states, to generate coherent streams thoughts? Using a simplified Potts model cortical dynamics, crudely differentiated into two halves, we show that once activity levels are regulated, so as disambiguate single temporal sequence, whether contents sequence mainly determined by frontal or posterior half, neither, depends on statistical parameters describe its microcircuits. The tends lead if it has more local attractors, longer lasting and stronger ones, in order increasing importance. Its guidance is particularly effective extent cortices do not tend transition from state their own. result may be related enforcing temporally-oriented schemata driving sequences unlike atemporal “context” contributed hippocampus. Modelling mild (vs. posterior) lesion offers an account mind-wandering event construction deficits observed patients.

Language: Английский

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