Social and environmental predictors of gut microbiome age in wild baboons

Published: March 10, 2025

Mammalian gut microbiomes are highly dynamic communities that shape and shaped by host aging, including age-related changes to immunity, metabolism, behavior. As such, microbial composition may provide valuable information on biological age. Here we test this idea creating a microbiome-based age predictor using 13,563 profiles from 479 wild baboons collected over 14 years. The resulting “microbiome clock” predicts chronological Deviations the clock’s predictions linked some demographic socio-environmental factors predict baboon health survival: animals who appear old-for-age tend be male, sampled in dry season (for females), have high social status (both sexes). However, an individual’s age” does not attainment of developmental milestones or lifespan. Hence, our population, microbiome largely reflects current, as opposed past, environmental conditions, pace development mortality risk. We add growing understanding how is reflected different phenotypes what forces modify primates.

Language: Английский

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Social and environmental predictors of gut microbiome age in wild baboons

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 24, 2025

Mammalian gut microbiomes are highly dynamic communities that shape and shaped by host aging, including age-related changes to immunity, metabolism, behavior. As such, microbial composition may provide valuable information on biological age. Here, we test this idea creating a microbiome-based age predictor using 13,563 profiles from 479 wild baboons collected over 14 years. The resulting ‘microbiome clock’ predicts chronological Deviations the clock’s predictions linked some demographic socio-environmental factors predict baboon health survival: animals who appear old-for-age tend be male, sampled in dry season (for females), have high social status (both sexes). However, an individual’s age’ does not attainment of developmental milestones or lifespan. Hence, our population, microbiome largely reflects current, as opposed past, environmental conditions, pace development mortality risk. We add growing understanding how is reflected different phenotypes what forces modify primates.

Language: Английский

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Methanogenic patterns in the gut microbiome are associated with survival in a population of feral horses

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: July 22, 2024

Abstract Gut microbiomes are widely hypothesised to influence host fitness and have been experimentally shown affect health phenotypes under laboratory conditions. However, the extent which they do so in free-living animal populations proximate mechanisms involved remain open questions. In this study, using long-term, individual-based life history shallow shotgun metagenomic sequencing data (2394 fecal samples from 794 individuals collected between 2013–2019), we quantify relationships gut microbiome variation survival a feral population of horses natural food limitation (Sable Island, Canada), test metagenome-derived predictions short-chain fatty acid data. We report detailed evidence that is associated with proxy nature outline hypotheses pathogenesis methanogenesis as key causal may underlie such patterns horses, perhaps, wild herbivores more generally.

Language: Английский

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The costs and benefits of a dynamic host microbiome

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

All species host a rich community of microbes. This microbiome is dynamic, and displays seasonal, daily, even hourly changes, but also needs to be resilient fulfill important roles for the host. In evolutionary ecology, focus dynamism has been on how it can facilitate adaptation novel environments. However, an hitherto largely overlooked issue that keep its in check, which costly leads trade-offs with investing other fitness-related traits. Investigating these natural vertebrate systems by collecting longitudinal data will lead deeper insight into mechanisms shape host-microbiome interactions.

Language: Английский

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Fecal microbiota of the synanthropic golden jackal (Canis aureus)

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Aug. 5, 2023

Abstract The golden jackal ( Canis aureus ), is a medium canid carnivore widespread throughout the Mediterranean region and expanding into Europe. This species thrives near human settlements implicated in zoonoses such as rabies. study explores for first time, fecal microbiota. We analyzed 111 samples of wild jackals using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing connection microbiome to animal characteristics, burden pathogens geographic climate characteristics. further compared microbiota black-backed domestic dog. found that dominated by phyla Bacteroidota, Fusobacteriota Firmicutes. was associated with different variables, including region, age-class, exposure rabies oral vaccine, parasites toxoplasmosis. A remarkable variation relative abundance taxa also age-class. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) specific taxons each Megasphaera genus group 1, Megamonas 2 Bacteroides coprocola 3. composition between jackal, blacked-backed Furthermore, LEfSe Fusobacterium genera Clostridia class influenced multiple factors host traits pathogen burden. characterization this thriving may aid mapping its spread proximity settlements. Moreover, understanding could inform potential health risks control measures.

Language: Английский

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High diversity, close genetic relatedness, and favorable living conditions benefit species co-occurrence of gut microbiota in Brandt’s vole

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Introduction Revealing factors and mechanisms in determining species co-existence are crucial to community ecology, but studies using gut microbiota data still lacking. Methods Using of 556 Brandt’s voles from 37 treatments eight experiments, we examined the relationship co-occurrence ( Lasiopodomys brandtii ) with genetic distance (or relatedness), diversity, several environmental variables. Results We found that index (a larger indicates a higher probability) was negatively associated between paired ASVs number cohabitating experimental space represents more crowding social stress), positively Shannon diversity index, grass diets (representing natural foods), non-physical contact within an less stress). Discussion Our study demonstrated high close relatedness, favorable living conditions would benefit hosts. results provide novel insights into shape structure function highlight significance preserving biodiversity microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Seasonal and environmental factors contribute to the variation in the gut microbiome: A large‐scale study of a small bird

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 93(10), P. 1475 - 1492

Published: July 23, 2024

Environmental variation can shape the gut microbiome, but broad/large-scale data on among and within-population heterogeneity in microbiome associated environmental factors of wild populations is lacking. Furthermore, previous studies have limited taxonomical coverage, knowledge about avian microbiomes still scarce. We investigated large-scale adult great tits across species' European distribution range. collected fecal samples to represent used 16S rRNA gene sequencing characterize bacterial microbiome. Our results show that diversity higher during winter there are compositional differences between summer microbiomes. During winter, individuals inhabiting mixed forest habitat diversity, whereas was no similar association summer. Also, temperature found be a small contributor did not find significant populations, nor any latitude, rainfall The suggest seasonal change microbiomes, many unknown bird populations.

Language: Английский

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Social and environmental predictors of gut microbiome age in wild baboons

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Mammalian gut microbiomes are highly dynamic communities that shape and shaped by host aging, including age-related changes to immunity, metabolism, behavior. As such, microbial composition may provide valuable information on biological age. Here we test this idea creating a microbiome-based age predictor using 13,563 profiles from 479 wild baboons collected over 14 years. The resulting “microbiome clock” predicts chronological Deviations the clock’s predictions linked some demographic socio-environmental factors predict baboon health survival: animals who appear old-for-age tend be male, sampled in dry season (for females), have high social status (both sexes). However, an individual’s age” does not attainment of developmental milestones or lifespan. Hence, our population, microbiome largely reflects current, as opposed past, environmental conditions, pace development mortality risk. We add growing understanding how is reflected different phenotypes what forces modify primates.

Language: Английский

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What are patterns of rise and decline?

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

The notions of change, such as birth, death, growth, evolution and longevity, extend across reality, including biological, cultural societal phenomena. Patterns change describe how success composition every entity, from species to societies, vary time. Languages develop into new languages, music fashion continuously evolve, economies rise decline, ecological crises come go. A common way perceive analyse processes is through patterns the ubiquitous, often distinctively unimodal trajectories describing life histories various entities. These in different shapes are measured according varying definitions. Depending on they measured, decline can reveal, emphasize, mask or obscure important dynamics natural Importantly, variations be vast, making it impossible directly compare fields science. Standardized analysis these has potential uncover but overlooked commonalities phenomena potentially help us catch onset dramatic shifts entities' state, catastrophic crashes gradual emergence We provide a framework for standardized recognizing, characterizing comparing by combining understanding Our toolkit aims at enhancing most general tendencies two complementary perspectives: success. gather comparable cases data research summarize open questions that understand universal principles, perception-biases field-specific entities nature.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota variations in wild yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) are associated with sex and habitat disturbance

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Abstract Although male and female mammals differ in biological traits functional needs, the contribution of this sexual dimorphism to variations gut bacteria fungi (gut microbiota) relation habitat type has not been fully examined. To understand whether combination sex affects microbiota variation, we analyzed 40 fecal samples wild yellow baboons ( Papio cynocephalus ) living contrasting types (intact, well-protected vs. fragmented, less protected forests) Udzungwa Mountains Tanzania. Sex determination was performed using marker genes SRY (Sex-determining Region Y) DDX3X-DDX3Y (DEAD-Box Helicase 3). Samples were attributed 34 individuals (19 females 15 males) belonging five social groups. Combining results with two amplicon sequencing datasets on bacterial (V1–V3 region 16S rRNA gene) fungal (ITS2) communities, found that overall, baboon had a significantly higher richness compared males. Beta diversity estimates indicated composition different between males females, true for from both well- forests. Our highlight combined role shaping variation microbial communities non-human primates.

Language: Английский

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