Ingestible pills reveal gastric correlates of emotions

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 4, 2024

Although it is generally held that gastrointestinal (GI) signals are related to emotions, direct evidence for such a link currently lacking. One of the reasons why internal milieu GI system poorly investigated because visceral organs difficult access and monitor. To directly measure influence endoluminal markers activity on emotional experience, we asked group healthy male participants ingest pill measured pH, pressure, temperature their tract while they watched video clips consistently induced disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, or control neutral state. In addition objective physiological activity, subjective ratings perceived emotions (i.e. gastric, respiratory cardiac) sensations were recorded, as well changes in heart rate (HR), variability (HRV) spontaneous eyes blinks non-gastric behavioral autonomic experience. We found when observed fearful disgusting clips, reported perceive not only cardiac but also gastric sensations, nausea. Moreover, there was clear relation between physiology stomach emotions. Specifically, displayed, more acidic feelings disgust fear; less happiness. Complementing results deep realm, stimuli significant increase HRV compared scenarios, together with decrease HR. Our findings suggest contribute unique states ingestible pills may open new avenues exploring deep-body

Language: Английский

---

The Transformative Power of Virtual Reality: Redefining Interactions in Virtual Platforms, Education, Healthcare, and Workplaces

Topoi, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 24, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Increased stomach-brain coupling indexes a dimensional signature of negative mental health symptoms

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 8, 2024

Abstract Visceral rhythms orchestrate the physiological states underlying human emotion. Chronic aberrations in these brain-body interactions are implicated a broad spectrum of mental health disorders. However, specific contributions gastric-brain coupling to affective symptoms remain poorly understood. We investigated relationship between this novel interoceptive axis and 243 participants, using cross validated machine learning approach. find that frontal parietal brain gastric rhythm indexes dimensional signature spanning anxiety, depression, stress, well-being. Control analyses confirm specificity axis. Our study establishes stomach as factor pathology health, offers new targets for interventions remediating aberrant coupling.

Language: Английский

---

Embodiment of underweight and normal-weight avatars affects bodily self-representations in anorexia nervosa

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. e32834 - e32834

Published: June 1, 2024

Body image distortion (BID) is a crucial aspect of anorexia nervosa (AN), leading to body overestimation, dissatisfaction, and low self-esteem. BID significantly influences the onset, maintenance, relapse pathology. We assessed whether Full Illusion (FBI) using under normal-weight avatars' bodies affects perceptual schema estimations in both individuals with (AN) healthy controls (HC). After each embodiment procedure, we asked participants estimate width their hips (Perceptual Image Task) minimum aperture virtual door necessary pass through it (Body Schema Task). Additionally, rate avatars terms self-similarity, attractiveness, implicit disgust (i.e., pleasant/unpleasant odour). Whereas AN (N = 26) showed changes after embodying avatar, no were found HC 25), highlighting increased bodily self-plasticity AN. Notably, rated normal weight avatar as most similar real body, which was also considered least attractive repulsive. These ratings correlated severity. Furthermore, at explicit level, all reported feeling thinner than usual underweight avatar. Overall, our findings suggest that engages multiple sensory channels (from visual olfactory) components affective), offering potential targets for innovative non-invasive treatments aimed modifying flexible aspects representation.

Language: Английский

---

The thermoception task: a thermal imaging-based procedure for measuring awareness of changes in peripheral body temperature

Journal of Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 130(4), P. 1053 - 1064

Published: Aug. 2, 2023

Although thermal body signals provide crucial information about the state of an organism and changes in temperature may be a sign affective states (e.g., stress, pain, sexual arousal), research on awareness is limited. Here we developed task measuring peripheral (thermal interoception) compared it to classical heartbeat counting (cardiac interoception). With infrared light bulb delivered stimuli different intensities right hand 31 healthy participants. Thermal interoceptive accuracy, i.e., difference between participants' real perceived change temperature, showed good interindividual variability. We found that interoception did not correlate with (and was generally higher than) cardiac interoception, suggesting interceptive channels separate contributions bodily states. Moreover, results hint at great salience need for thermoregulation day-to-day life. Finally, accuracy associated self-reported ability regulate distress by focusing sensations. Our has potential significantly increase current knowledge role cognition behavior, particularly social emotional contexts.

Language: Английский

---

Investigating the modulation of gastric sensations and disposition toward food with taVNS

Psychophysiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 30, 2024

Abstract Interoception, the perception of visceral sensations, is key for several survival functions, including those related to feeding behavior. Sensations hunger and satiety are mediated by gastric signals transmitted via vagus nerve Nucleus Solitary Tract. Transcutaneous auricular stimulation (taVNS) has been shown modulate brain‐viscera communication impact interoceptive processing in cardiac domain. Yet, its effect on interoception remains unclear. The aim this study was investigate taVNS' modulatory effects using Water Load Test‐II (WLT‐II) food‐related dispositions through a disposition willingness eat task (DWET). Participants underwent active or sham taVNS while performing WLT‐II DWET. Results showed no significant difference accuracy amount water ingested between groups. However, we found reduction food liking after fullness phase (vs sham) group, suggesting an influence vagal activation inhibition enjoyment when satiated. These findings suggest that, may not directly enhance at conscious level, it influences dispositions, likely modulating signals. Further research exploring intricate relationship modulation, abilities eating behaviors warranted elucidate underlying mechanisms and, possibly, develop targeted interventions disorders.

Language: Английский

---

Review of the gastric physiology of disgust: Proto-nausea as an under-explored facet of the gut–brain axis

Brain and Neuroscience Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Humans feel visceral disgust when faced with potential contaminants like bodily effluvia. The emotion serves to reject potentially contaminated food and is paired proto-nausea: alterations in gastric rhythm response disgust. Here, we offer a narrative synthesis of the existing literature on effects stomach as measured through electrogastrography, non-invasive technique that measures activity electrodes placed abdominal skin surface. After identifying assessing 368 studies for eligibility inclusion based Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses process, reviewed final sample only 10 articles employed electrogastrography assess responses unpleasant stimuli, including elicitors. Reviewed findings illustrate changes are associated negatively valenced emotions, most reliably This rhymes recent evidence causal role state reductions avoidance. Because limitations body work come from low number relatively small sizes, strongly encourage proto-nausea designs higher statistical power, ideally experimental manipulations state.

Language: Английский

---

Interoceptive grounding of conceptual knowledge: new insight from an interoceptive-exteroceptive categorization task of concepts

Published: July 27, 2024

The role of interoception, the perception internal bodily signals, in shaping our understanding concepts remains an intriguing and understudied area research. Here, we investigate interoceptive foundation conceptual representation, particularly for abstract compared to concrete ones. Employing a mouse-tracking paradigm, participants categorized as (i.e., experienced through sensations) or exteroceptive five perceptual senses), with varying their degree grounding (emotional, philosophical, natural, artifact). dimension was crucial abstract-emotional concepts, revealed by lower likelihood misclassifying them than abstract-philosophical Movement trajectories showed implicit activation features during categorization concrete-natural thus beyond To account individual differences attending performed cardioception task (heartbeat counting). Individuals greater sensitivity heartbeat were faster categorization, when exteroceptively categorizing concepts. Taken together, findings emphasize multifaceted nature knowledge, encompassing dimensions alongside others.

Language: Английский

---