Cited by Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults

How adverse childhood experiences get under the skin: A systematic review, integration and methodological discussion on threat and reward learning mechanisms DOI

Julia Ruge, Mana R. Ehlers, Alexandros Kastrinogiannis

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 16, 2024

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a major risk factor for the development of multiple psychopathological conditions, but mechanisms underlying this link poorly understood. Associative learning encompasses key through which individuals learn to important environmental inputs emotional and behavioral responses. ACEs may impact normative maturation associative processes, resulting in their enduring maladaptive expression manifesting psychopathology. In review, we lay out systematic methodological overview integration available evidence proposed association between threat reward processes. We summarize results from literature search (following PRISMA guidelines) yielded total 81 articles (threat: n=38, reward: n=43). Across fields, behaviorally, observed converging pattern aberrant with history ACEs, independent other sample characteristics, specific ACE types, outcome measures. Specifically, blunted was reflected reduced discrimination safety cues, primarily driven by diminished responding conditioned cues. Furthermore, attenuated manifested accuracy rate tasks involving acquisition contingencies. Importantly, emerged despite substantial heterogeneity assessment operationalization across both fields. conclude that represent mechanistic route become physiologically neurobiologically embedded ultimately confer greater closing, discuss potentially fruitful future directions research field, including considerations.

Language: Английский

Citations

Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults DOI

Maren Klingelhöfer-Jens, Katharina Hutterer, Miriam A. Schiele

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Childhood adversity is a strong predictor of developing psychopathological conditions. Multiple theories on the mechanisms underlying this association have been suggested which, however, differ in operationalization ‘exposure.’ Altered (threat) learning represent central by which environmental inputs shape emotional and cognitive processes ultimately behavior. 1402 healthy participants underwent fear conditioning paradigm (acquisition training, generalization), while acquiring skin conductance responses (SCRs) ratings (arousal, valence, contingency). was operationalized as (1) dichotomization, following (2) specificity model, (3) cumulative risk (4) dimensional model. Individuals exposed to childhood showed blunted physiological reactivity SCRs, but not ratings, reduced CS+/CS- discrimination during both phases, mainly driven attenuated CS+ responding. The latter evident across different operationalizations ‘exposure’ theories. None tested clear explanatory superiority. Notably, remarkably pattern increased responding CS- reported literature for anxiety patients, suggesting that individuals may specific sub-sample. We highlight linking (vulnerability to) psychopathology need refinement.

Language: Английский

Citations

Person-centered analyses reveal that developmental adversity at moderate levels and neural threat/safety discrimination are associated with lower anxiety in early adulthood DOI

Lucinda M. Sisk, Taylor J. Keding, Sonia Ruiz

et al.

Communications Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: March 5, 2025

Parsing heterogeneity in the nature of adversity exposure and neurobiological functioning may facilitate better understanding how shapes individual variation risk for resilience against anxiety. One putative mechanism linking with anxiety is disrupted threat safety learning. Here, we applied a person-centered approach (latent profile analysis) to characterize patterns at specific developmental stages threat/safety discrimination corticolimbic circuitry 120 young adults. We then compared resultant profiles differed symptoms. Three latent emerged: (1) group lower lifetime adversity, higher neural activation threat, safety; (2) moderate during middle childhood adolescence, (3) minimal both safety. Individuals second had than other profiles. These findings demonstrate variability within-person combinations can differentially relate anxiety, suggest that some individuals, adolescence could be associated processes foster future

Language: Английский

Citations

Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults DOI

Maren Klingelhöfer-Jens, Katharina Hutterer, Miriam A. Schiele

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Dec. 20, 2023

Childhood adversity is a strong predictor of developing psychopathological conditions. Multiple theories on the mechanisms underlying this association have been suggested which, however, differ in operationalization 'exposure.' Altered (threat) learning represent central by which environmental inputs shape emotional and cognitive processes ultimately behavior. 1402 healthy participants underwent fear conditioning paradigm (acquisition training, generalization), while acquiring skin conductance responses (SCRs) ratings (arousal, valence, contingency). was operationalized as (1) dichotomization, following (2) specificity model, (3) cumulative risk (4) dimensional model. Individuals exposed to childhood showed blunted physiological reactivity SCRs, but not ratings, reduced CS+/CS- discrimination during both phases, mainly driven attenuated CS+ responding. The latter evident across different operationalizations 'exposure' theories. None tested clear explanatory superiority. Notably, remarkably pattern increased responding CS- reported literature for anxiety patients, suggesting that individuals may specific sub-sample. We highlight linking (vulnerability to) psychopathology need refinement.

Language: Английский

Citations

Fear and Safety Learning in Anxiety Spectrum Disorders: An Updated Meta-Analysis DOI

Franziska Magdalena Kausche, Hannes Per Carsten,

Kim Marie Sobania

et al.

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

Fear learning processes are assumed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders, heterogeneous group disorders characterized by excessive and avoidance behavior. While some receive more attention fear safety research, others remain understudied. Heterogeneity concepts, measures, designs within field further contribute inconsistent study outcomes. Addressing these challenges, we conducted systematic meta-analysis, adhering PRISMA guidelines, examine differences conditioning between patients healthy participants, updating meta-analysis Duits et al. (2015). We extended previous analyses conducting subgroup for different types distinguished physiological behavioral outcome measurements. This includes 76 studies published 1986 2022 with data from 1.974 3.154 participants. The results support acquisition extinction individuals compared More specifically, showed heightened responses CS- both measures during acquisition, increased aversiveness ratings CS+. Following learning, threat expectancy affect CS+ CS-, alongside stronger SCR These findings suggest that may exhibit amplified cues along delayed learned associations. changes lead sensitivity acquiring detecting slower process, resulting enduring responses. characteristics consistent "better-safe-than-sorry" information processing strategy linked susceptibility anxiety. integrate our into current literature on discuss possible underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, explicitly mention give recommendations how they can be addressed.

Language: Английский

Citations

Between faces: childhood adversity is associated with reduced threat-safety discrimination during facial expression processing in adolescence DOI

Celine Samaey, Stephanie Van der Donck, Aleksandra Lecei

et al.

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Sept. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

Fear and Safety Learning in Anxiety- and Stress-Related Disorders: An Updated Meta-Analysis DOI

Franziska Magdalena Kausche, Hannes Per Carsten,

Kim Marie Sobania

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 105983 - 105983

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults DOI

Maren Klingelhöfer-Jens, Katharina Hutterer, Miriam A. Schiele

et al.

Published: Oct. 16, 2024

Childhood adversity is a strong predictor for developing psychopathological conditions. Exposure to threat-related childhood has been suggested be specifically linked altered emotional learning as well changes in neural circuits involved responding and fear. Learning mechanisms are particularly interesting they central through which environmental inputs shape cognitive processes ultimately behavior. Multiple theories on the underlying this association have which, however, differ operationalization of “exposure”. In current study, 1,402 physically mentally healthy participants underwent differential fear conditioning paradigm including acquisition generalization phase while skin conductance responses (SCRs) different subjective ratings were acquired. was retrospectively assessed trauma questionnaire (CTQ) classified individuals exposed or unexposed at least moderate according established cut-off criteria. addition, we provide exploratory analyses aiming translate (verbal) how exposure related from threat into statistical models. During training generalization, reduced discrimination SCRs between stimuli signaling danger vs. safety, primarily due cues. no differences degree observed but generally blunted occurred individuals. No groups any experimental phases. The signals safety evident across operationalizations “exposure” guided by theories. Of note, none these tested showed clear explanatory superiority. Our results stand stark contrast typical patterns patients suffering anxiety stress-related disorders (i.e., cues increased signals). However, CS - albeit CS+ also patient risk samples reporting adversity, suggesting that pattern may specific with history adversity. conclude linking psychopathology need refinement.

Language: Английский

Citations

Childhood adversity is associated with reduced threat‐safety discrimination and increased fear generalization in 12‐ to 16‐year‐olds DOI

Celine Samaey, Aleksandra Lecei, Maarten Jackers

et al.

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Background Childhood adversity poses a major transdiagnostic risk for host of psychiatric disorders. Altered threat‐related information processing has been put forward as potential process underlying the association between childhood and disorders, with previous research providing support decreased discrimination threat safety cues, in both children adults exposed to adversity. This altered threat‐safety hypothesized stem from increased generalization fear, yet date, this hypothesis not tested youth. Methods Here, we investigate whether is associated fear during adolescence. 119 adolescents 12 16 years age (mean = 13.95), whom 63 adversity, completed paradigm. Fear conditioning was assessed through trial‐by‐trial US expectancy ratings post‐experimental valence arousal. Additionally, administered perceptual task assess impact abilities upon generalization. Results In line our hypotheses, results showed that (1) reduced differentiation acquisition (2) boys girls, albeit different extent, more towards cues while girls dangerous cues. Moreover, overgeneralization could be attributed group differences discrimination. Conclusions learning may an important which increases development psychopathology. Longitudinal essential elucidate resilience patterns following

Language: Английский

Citations

Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults DOI

Maren Klingelhöfer-Jens, Katharina Hutterer, Miriam A. Schiele

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 28, 2023

Abstract Childhood adversity is a strong predictor of developing psychopathological conditions. Multiple theories on the mechanisms underlying this association have been suggested which, however, differ in operationalization ‘exposure’. Altered (threat) learning represent central by which environmental inputs shape emotional and cognitive processes ultimately behavior. 1402 healthy participants underwent fear conditioning paradigm (acquisition training, generalization), while acquiring skin conductance responses (SCRs) ratings (arousal, valence, contingency). was operationalized as (1) dichotomization, following (2) specificity model, (3) cumulative risk (4) dimensional model. Individuals exposed to childhood showed blunted physiological reactivity SCRs, but not ratings, reduced CS+/CS-discrimination during both phases, mainly driven attenuated CS + responding. The latter evident across different operationalizations ‘exposure’ theories. None tested clear explanatory superiority. Notably, remarkably pattern increased responding CS-is reported literature for anxiety patients, suggesting that individuals may specific sub-sample. We highlight linking (vulnerability to) psychopathology need refinement.

Language: Английский

Citations