The Crucial Role of the Blood–Brain Barrier in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms of Disruption and Therapeutic Implications

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 386 - 386

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a crucial structure that maintains brain homeostasis by regulating the entry of molecules and cells from bloodstream into central nervous system (CNS). Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Parkinson's disease, well ischemic stroke, compromise integrity BBB. This leads to increased permeability infiltration harmful substances, thereby accelerating neurodegeneration. In this review, we explore mechanisms underlying BBB disruption, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, vascular dysfunction, loss tight junction integrity, in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss how breakdown contributes neurotoxicity, abnormal accumulation pathological proteins, all which exacerbate neuronal damage facilitate disease progression. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving or restoring function, anti-inflammatory treatments, antioxidant therapies, approaches enhance integrity. Given role neurodegeneration, maintaining its represents promising approach slow prevent progression

Language: Английский

---

Deciphering the Blood–Brain Barrier Paradox in Brain Metastasis Development and Therapy

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 298 - 298

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Gatekeeper or accomplice? That is the paradoxical role of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in developing brain metastasis (BM). BM occurs when cancerous cells from primary cancer elsewhere body gain ability to metastasize and invade parenchyma despite formidable defense BBB. These metastatic manipulate BBB's components, changing them gatekeepers accomplices that aid their progression into tissue. This dual BBB-as both a protective system potential facilitator cells-highlights its complexity. Even with therapy such as chemotherapy, usually recurs due BBB limiting crossing drugs via efflux transporters; therefore, treatment efficacy limited. The pathophysiology also complex, our understanding interplay between components still needs be improved. However, advancements clinical research are helping bridge knowledge gap, which essential for effective therapy. By targeting neurovascular unit polarization microglia, astrocytes, pericytes, by utilizing technological tools like focused ultrasound transiently disrupt therapeutic nanoparticles improve drug delivery efficiency tissue, we can better address this pathology. narrative review delves latest literature analyze manifestation explores avenues BBB-tumor cell interaction.

Language: Английский

---

Molecular Motors in Blood–Brain Barrier Maintenance by Astrocytes

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 279 - 279

Published: March 6, 2025

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) comprises distinct cell types, including endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes, is essential for central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis by selectively regulating molecular transport maintaining integrity. In particular, astrocytes are BBB function, as they maintain integrity through their end-feet, which form a physical biochemical interface that enhances function selectivity. Moreover, secrete growth factors like vascular factor (VEGF) transforming factor-beta (TGF-β), regulate tight junction (TJ) proteins (e.g., claudins occludins) crucial limiting paracellular permeability. Molecular motors kinesins, dynein, myosins these astrocyte functions. By facilitating vesicular trafficking protein transport, various functions, of junctional to support integrity, the proper mitochondria localization within processes efficient energy supply, polarized distribution aquaporin (AQP)-4 at end-feet water across BBB, modulation neuroinflammatory responses. myosin modulate actomyosin dynamics process outgrowth, adhesion, migration, morphology, functional roles. Thus, motor dysregulation in can compromise increasing risk neurodegeneration. This review explores complex interplay between homeostasis, represents an attractive but poorly explored area research.

Language: Английский

---

Regulation of Blood-brain Barrier Integrity by Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in Ischemic Stroke: A Therapeutic Opportunity

European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 177553 - 177553

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---