Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis on Photosynthetic, Antioxidant Enzyme, and Water Flux Parameters in Salt-Stressed Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Plants

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 247 - 247

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Globally, escalating soil salinization poses significant abiotic stress, disproportionately impacting crops like chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.). This legume exhibits high sensitivity to salinity, which disrupts various physiological and metabolic processes, ultimately hindering growth productivity. AMF (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus) reduces salt’s detrimental effects on plants’ by bolstering the plant’s antioxidant defense system, effectively reducing damage caused oxidative stress. In this study, impact of salinity stress alleviation in was investigated pot-grown experiments. Rhizophagus fasciculatus used inoculate seeds three different varieties (HC-3, CSG-8962, C-235), biochemical changes AMF-inoculated non-inoculated plants were studied. When exposed exhibited decreased leaf relative water content (RWC %) (21.13–31.30%), increased injury, chlorophyll (45.22–58.24%), photochemical quantum yield, photosynthetic rate, transpiration stomatal conductance as compared control plants, but opposite results observed colonized plants. A 9.16% 14.79% increase reported after colonization. The activities enzymes such superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) salt They further enhanced inoculation SOD activity 20.3% 23.3%, CAT 65.7% 78.7%, POX 32.7% 39.3%. findings clearly show that fasciculatus, via enhancing RWC, parameters, enzymes, can mitigate chickpeas.

Language: Английский

---

Amaranth’s Growth and Physiological Responses to Salt Stress and the Functional Analysis of AtrTCP1 Gene

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 5437 - 5437

Published: May 16, 2024

Amaranth species are C4 plants that rich in betalains, and they tolerant to salinity stress. A small family of plant-specific TCP transcription factors involved the response salt However, it has not been investigated whether amaranth TCP1 is We elucidated growth physiology were affected by concentrations 50-200 mmol·L-1 NaCl. The data showed shoot root was inhibited at 200 mmol·L-1, while promoted 50 mmol·L-1. Meanwhile, also physiological responses, which indicated salt-induced injuries adaptation Moreover, AtrTCP1 Arabidopsis seed germination. germination rate wild-type (WT) 35S::AtrTCP1-GUS seeds reached around 92% seventh day 94.5% second under normal conditions, respectively. With 150 NaCl treatment, WT plant 27.0% 93.0% fourth day, Under stress, transformed 35S::AtrTCP1 bloomed when grew 21.8 leaves after 16.2 days earlier than plants. flowered early resist These results reveal amaranth's responses provide valuable information on gene.

Language: Английский

---

Enterobacter-inoculation altered the C, N contents and regulated biomass allocation in Reaumuria soongorica to promote plant growth and improve salt stress tolerance

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Soil salinization poses a significant ecological and environmental challenge both in China across the globe. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) enhance plants' resilience against biotic abiotic stresses, thereby playing vital role soil improvement vegetation restoration efforts. PGPR assist plants thriving under salt stress by modifying plant physiology, enhancing nutrient absorption, synthesizing hormones. However, mechanisms through which regulate contents of carbon (C) nitrogen (N), biomass allocation desert response to is still unclear. This study explores impact on allocation, C, N R. soongorica seedlings pot experiment. Strains P6, N20, N21, identified as Enterobacter, were isolated from rhizosphere soongorica, they exhibited various beneficial traits such indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, phosphate solubilization, fixation, tolerance up 8% NaCl stress. We found that stress, exhibit reductions height, basal diameter, root surface area (P<0.05). inoculation with strains N21 reverses these trends. Compared treatment alone, co-treatment significantly increases roots, stems, leaves, particularly biomass, 99.88%, 85.55%, 141.76%, respectively Moreover, decrease stems C increase roots leaves compared Specifically, 14.50%, 12.47%, 8.60%, while 4.96%, 4.45%, 4.94%, Additionally, stem leaf biomasses positive correlation negative tissues. In conclusion, Enterobacter enhanced seedlings, regulated distribution, modifies promote growth improve tolerance. provides novel adaptive strategy for integrated use halophytes saline-alkali

Language: Английский

---

The Effects of Inoculation with Rhizosphere Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria on the Growth and Physiology of Reaumuria soongorica Seedlings Under NaCl Stress

Forests, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 591 - 591

Published: March 28, 2025

Soil salinization significantly exacerbates the deficiency in plant-available phosphorus soil, thereby adversely affecting plant growth and development. Through various processes, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria rhizosphere increase soil-soluble content, boosting development stress resistance. This study focused on annual R. soongorica seedlings to examine how enhance under NaCl-induced conditions. isolated characterized bacteria, evaluating their phosphate solubilization capacity effects seedling physiology NaCl through pot experiments, with potential applications saline soil improvement desert ecosystem restoration. used four treatment groups (control group, bacterial inoculation mixed-treatment group) twelve treatments replicates per treatment. The experimental results demonstrated that five strains exhibited a significant capacity, accompanied by notable reduction pH within inorganic medium. Compared treatment, net of height inoculated J23, J24, M1 increased (p < 0.05), all them more than doubled, stem diameter strain J24 144.17%. physiological characteristics alterations following strains. resulted statistically both foliar total content available levels 0.05). Additionally, conditions, varying degrees salt tolerance, descending order effectiveness: > P2 J23 P3 M1. In conclusion, represents potentially valuable microbial resource for amelioration, demonstrating most pronounced enhancement parameters tolerance 300 mmol·L−1 stress.

Language: Английский

---

Hydrogen sulfide-mitigated salinity stress impact in sunflower seedlings was associated with improved photosynthesis performance and osmoregulation

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: May 18, 2024

Abstract Background Salinity is one major abiotic stress affecting photosynthesis, plant growth, and development, resulting in low-input crops. Although photosynthesis underlies the substantial productivity biomass storage of crop yield, response sunflower photosynthetic machinery to salinity imposition how H 2 S mitigates salinity-induced injury remains largely unclear. Seed priming with 0.5 mM NaHS, as a donor S, was adopted analyze this issue under NaCl stress. Primed nonprime seeds were established nonsaline soil irrigated tape water for 14 d, then seedlings exposed 150 7 d controlled growth conditions. Results significantly harmed parameters, structural integrity chloroplasts, mesophyll cells. improved relative content, stomatal density aperture, pigments, photochemical efficiency PSII, performance, soluble sugar well protein contents while reducing proline ABA salinity. also boosted transcriptional level ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit gene ( HaRBCS ). Further, transmission electron microscope showed that stress, cells maintained their cell membrane integrated chloroplasts well-developed thylakoid membranes. Conclusion The results underscore importance maintaining efficiency, Rubisco activity, preserving chloroplast structure which participates adaptation, possibly imposition. This underpins retaining minimizing be crucial trait

Language: Английский

---

Physiological and transcriptomic analyses revealed the alleviating effects of exogenous Ca2+ and NO compound treatment on high salt stress in Reaumuria soongorica

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Soil salinization represents the most prevalent abiotic stress, severely impacting a severe impact on plant growth and crop yield. Consequently, delving into mechanism through which exogenous substances enhance salt tolerance holds significant importance for stabilization augmentation of In this study, within context seedlings R. soongorica were subjected to Ca2+ NO treatments. The aim was comprehensively explore alleviation effects high stress endured by from perspectives physiology transcriptomics. experimental results demonstrated that combined treatment increased relative water content free during conditions. Simultaneously, it induced reduction in leaf sap concentration, potential, saturation deficit, ratio bound water. These modifications effectively regulated metabolism mitigated physiological drought stress. addition, concurrent could diminish Na+ Cl− levels under At same time, effective elevating contents K+ Ca2+, thereby facilitating adjustment ion equilibrium. As result, served relieve toxicity precipitated is crucial maintaining homeostasis viability seedlings. Transcriptional analysis revealed 65 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) observable at three distinct time points Additionally, 154 DEGs detected treatment. KEGG enrichment phenylpropanoids biosynthesis, hormone signal transduction, MAPK signalling pathway, brassinosteroid biosynthesis zeatin significantly enriched compound Furthermore, WGCNA uncovered multiple genes, including ADK, SBT, F-box protein, MYB, ZIP, PAL, METTL, LRR, implicated adaptive mitigating mechanisms associated with modulating outcomes study are highly conducive disclosing ameliorates both transcriptional aspects. It also paves solid theoretical groundwork employment biotechnology breeding soongorica, offering valuable insights scientific basis further research practical applications enhancing plant's ability withstand development more salt-tolerant varieties soongorica.

Language: Английский

---

Genome-Wide Identification of LACS Family Genes and Functional Characterization of CaLACS6/9 in Response to Cold Stress in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 970 - 970

Published: April 17, 2025

Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (LACS) is a crucial enzyme involved in cellular lipid metabolism, playing significant role plant development and adaptation to environmental stress. However, our understanding of the CaLACS gene family pepper remains limited. In this study, we identified nine members ‘UCD-10X-F1’ genome named them CaLACS1-CaLACS9 based on their chromosomal distribution. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that subfamily I-A includes CaLACS1, CaLACS3, CaLACS7; I-C contains CaLACS2; II comprises CaLACS4 CaLACS8; III consists remaining members. Collinearity showed there were twelve collinear pairs between six genes five AtLACS genes, two fragment replication pepper. Furthermore, numerous cis-acting elements associated with stress response, hormonal regulation, development, light response promoter regions genes. RNA-seq indicated exhibit tissue specificity are widely expressed leaves following treatment exogenous hormones, under conditions cold, heat, drought, salt Additionally, virus-induced silencing (VIGS) technology was employed further investigate roles CaLACS6 CaLACS9. Silencing these target seedlings increased sensitivity cold stress, as evidenced by accumulation reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced antioxidant defense capacity, decreased expression levels cold-responsive ROS-related The findings study provide valuable insights into functional highlight CaLACS9 promising candidate for enhancing tolerance

Language: Английский

---

Transcriptome and Proteome Association Analysis to Screen Candidate Genes Related to Salt Tolerance in Reaumuria soongorica Leaves under Salt Stress

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(20), P. 3542 - 3542

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

This work aims at studying the molecular mechanisms underlying response of Reaumuria soongorica to salt stress. We used RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) techniques identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) proteins (DEPs) in R. leaves treated with 0, 200, 500 mM NaCl for 72 h. The results indicated that compared 0 treatment group, 2391 6400 DEGs were identified 200 groups, respectively, while 47 177 DEPs also identified. Transcriptome proteome association analysis was further performed on 0/500 32 consistent mRNA protein expression trends SYP71, CS, PCC13-62, PASN, ZIFL1, CHS2, other differential are involved photosynthesis, vesicle transport, auxin functions plants, might play a key role tolerance soongorica. In this study, transcriptome screen candidate associated soongorica, which provides an important theoretical basis understanding mechanism breeding high-quality germplasm resources.

Language: Английский

---

The Combination of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> Extracts and Soil Microorganisms Inhibited Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in <i>Elymus nutans</i>

Phyton, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 93(3), P. 567 - 580

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

In a greenhouse experiment, the effects of soil microorganisms and extracts Achnatherum inebrians on seed germination seedling growth Elymus nutans were studied. The results showed that both from aboveground belowground parts A. significantly inhibited rate, potential, index, vigor height, root length, fresh weight E. nutans, but increased malondialdehyde content, catalase, peroxidase superoxide dismutase activity seedlings (p < 0.05). allelopathy aqueous was stronger than precipitates. Aqueous decreased by 10.45%–74.63%, 24.18%–32.50%, 19.03%–73.36%, 37.83%–88.41%, 21.42%–53.14%, 2.65%–40.21%, 20.45%–61.36%, respectively, peroxidase, 8.09%–62.24%, 27.83%–86.47%, 22.90%–93.17%, 11.15%–75.91%, respectively. above indexes higher in live sterilized soil. Soil inebrians. planted 8.22%–48.48%, 10.00%–51.85%, 8.19%–53.26%, 16.43%–60.03%, 12.91%–28.81%, 9.09%–22.86% compared with soil, Malondialdehyde 53.91%–81.06%, 15.71%–57.34%, 33.33%–86.31%, 9.78%–52.51% existence enhanced secondary metabolites A combination had strongest allelopathic effect nutans.

Language: Английский

---