Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 2294 - 2294
Published: Oct. 10, 2024
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most common adverse drug reaction from psychiatric pharmacotherapy. Neuroreceptor blockade by antipsychotic clozapine induces MetS in about 30% of patients. Similar to insulin resistance, impedes Akt kinase activation, leading intracellular glucose and glutathione depletion. Additional cystine shortage triggers tryptophan degradation kynurenine, which a well-known AhR ligand. Ligand-bound downregulates iron pool, thereby increasing risk mitochondrial dysfunction. Scavenging stabilizes transcription factor HIF-1, shifts metabolism toward transient glycolysis. Furthermore, inhibits AMPK obesity liver steatosis. Increasing uptake activation prevents dyslipidemia damage and, therefore, reduces MetS. In line with vitro results, feeding experiments rats revealed disturbed glucose-/lipid-/iron-metabolism treatment hyperglycemia hepatic deposits female steatosis anemia male animals. Decreased energy expenditure seems be cause fast weight gain first weeks treatment. patients, this due neuroleptic correlates an improvement psychotic syndromes can even used anticipate therapeutic effect
Language: Английский