Poly-γ-glutamic acid alleviates slow transit constipation by regulating aquaporin and gut microbes
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: March 10, 2025
Slow
transit
constipation
(STC)
is
a
prevalent
gastrointestinal
disorder
caused
by
colon
dysfunction.
Poly-γ-glutamic
acid
(γ-PGA),
an
anionic
polymer
known
for
its
moisture
retention,
degradability,
and
food
safety,
was
studied
effects
on
loperamide-induced
STC
in
mice.
Treatment
with
γ-PGA
one
week
significantly
increased
both
defecation
frequency
fecal
water
content,
the
high-dose
group
(10
g/kg/d)
restoring
content
to
34.23%,
outperforming
low-
(16.16%)
medium-dose
(27.08%)
groups
exceeding
positive
control,
PEG,
1.35
times.
enhanced
intestinal
peristalsis
reduced
expression
of
inflammatory
markers
(IL-1β,
IL-6,
caspase-1,
TLR2)
water-electrolyte
transport
genes
(AQP3,
AQP4,
ENaC-β),
while
improving
tight
junction
proteins
(Claudin-1,
Occludin,
ZO-1)
damaged
loperamide.
Histopathological
analyses
confirmed
γ-PGA's
capacity
repair
damage.
Additionally,
Western
Blot
analysis
indicated
AQP3/4
levels
colon,
molecular
docking
showed
good
binding
affinity
between
AQPs.
also
positively
altered
gut
microbiota
composition.
Overall,
shows
promise
treating
modulating
aquaporins
microbiota.
Language: Английский
Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites: The Hidden Driver of Diabetic Nephropathy? Unveiling Gut Microbe's Role in DN
J. Liu,
No information about this author
Min Guo,
No information about this author
Xiaobin Yuan
No information about this author
et al.
Journal of Diabetes,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(4)
Published: April 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Background
Diabetic
nephropathy
(DN)
is
a
severe
microvascular
complication
of
diabetes
with
complex
pathogenesis.
Methods
Recent
studies
were
reviewed
to
explore
the
role
gut
microbiota
and
its
metabolites
in
DN
development.
Results
Dysbiosis
bacteria
contributes
pathological
changes
such
as
glomerular
sclerosis
renal
tubule
injury.
Microbial
are
involved
through
immune
inflammatory
pathways.
Conclusions
Understanding
relationship
between
microbiota,
metabolites,
may
offer
potential
implications
for
diagnosis,
prevention,
treatment.
Translating
this
knowledge
into
clinical
practice
presents
challenges
opportunities.
Language: Английский
Effects of GLP-1 Analogues and Agonists on the Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(8), P. 1303 - 1303
Published: April 9, 2025
Background:
GLP-1
analogues
are
a
relatively
new
class
of
medications
that
form
the
cornerstone
diabetes
treatment.
They
possess
invaluable
glucose-lowering
properties
without
hypoglycemic
effects
as
well
strong
cardioprotective
effects.
The
gut
microbiome
has
become
focus
numerous
studies,
demonstrating
its
influence
not
only
on
but
also
overall
well-being
entire
body.
However,
analogs
microbiota
remain
uncertain.
Scope
review:
Our
systematic
review
(based
PRISMA
guidelines)
aimed
to
gather
knowledge
analogue
composition,
richness,
and
abundance
in
both
animal
human
models.
Conclusions:
Thirty-eight
studies
were
included
this
review.
have
demonstrated
notable
impact
diversity
microbiota.
We
can
conclude,
following
obtained
research
results
our
study,
liraglutide
promotes
growth
beneficial
genera
relevant
for
metabolic
functions.
Exenatide
exendin-4
administration
showed
various
composition
studies.
In
models,
it
increased
associated
with
improved
metabolism;
however,
linked
better
functions
escalated
inflammation
increased.
Following
dulaglutide
administration,
increases
Bacteroides,
Akkermansia,
Ruminococcus,
connected
an
model,
significant.
Finally,
varied
after
semaglutide
treatment,
which
A.
muciniphila,
known
positive
functions,
increased;
microbial
decreased.
Semaglutide
treatment
provided
indicating
many
confounding
factors
semaglutide’s
Results
due
dissimilarities
studied
populations
duration
Further
is
essential
confirm
these
findings
recognize
their
implications
clinical
outcomes
patients.
Language: Английский
Evaluating the effectiveness and safety of empagliflozin versus liraglutide in managing diabetic dyslipidemia: An observational study
Motakatla Usha Rani,
No information about this author
Chitra Karuppiah,
No information about this author
Penupothu Sree Nagamani
No information about this author
et al.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(7), P. 137 - 141
Published: July 1, 2024
Background:
Diabetic
dyslipidemia
poses
a
significant
risk
factor
for
cardiovascular
complications
in
patients
with
diabetes
mellitus.
Empagliflozin
and
liraglutide
are
two
commonly
used
medications
management,
yet
their
comparative
efficacy
safety
treating
diabetic
remain
under-explored.
Aims
Objectives:
This
study
aimed
to
assess
the
effectiveness
of
versus
managing
dyslipidemia.
Materials
Methods:
The
enrolled
100
participants
dyslipidemia,
divided
equally
into
empagliflozin
treatment
groups.
Baseline
characteristics,
including
age,
gender
distribution,
ethnicity,
duration
diabetes,
were
assessed
compared
between
Lipid
profiles,
encompassing
total
cholesterol,
low-density
lipoprotein
(LDL)
high-density
(HDL)
triglycerides,
evaluated
at
baseline
after
6
months
treatment.
Safety
outcomes,
such
as
occurrence
mild
gastrointestinal
symptoms,
hypoglycemia,
serious
adverse
events,
also
monitored.
Results:
Both
groups
exhibited
comparable
characteristics.
Following
treatment,
both
demonstrated
improvements
lipid
profiles.
Reductions
LDL
along
increases
HDL
observed
Moreover,
there
no
differences
events
groups,
indicating
similar
Conclusion:
provides
evidence
supporting
These
findings
highlight
potential
viable
therapeutic
options
Language: Английский
Evaluating the effectiveness and safety of empagliflozin versus liraglutide in managing diabetic dyslipidemia: An observational study
Motakatla Usha Rani,
No information about this author
Chitra Karuppiah,
No information about this author
Penupothu Sree Nagamani
No information about this author
et al.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(7), P. 137 - 141
Published: July 1, 2024
Background:
Diabetic
dyslipidemia
poses
a
significant
risk
factor
for
cardiovascular
complications
in
patients
with
diabetes
mellitus.
Empagliflozin
and
liraglutide
are
two
commonly
used
medications
management,
yet
their
comparative
efficacy
safety
treating
diabetic
remain
under-explored.
Aims
Objectives:
This
study
aimed
to
assess
the
effectiveness
of
versus
managing
dyslipidemia.
Materials
Methods:
The
enrolled
100
participants
dyslipidemia,
divided
equally
into
empagliflozin
treatment
groups.
Baseline
characteristics,
including
age,
gender
distribution,
ethnicity,
duration
diabetes,
were
assessed
compared
between
Lipid
profiles,
encompassing
total
cholesterol,
low-density
lipoprotein
(LDL)
high-density
(HDL)
triglycerides,
evaluated
at
baseline
after
6
months
treatment.
Safety
outcomes,
such
as
occurrence
mild
gastrointestinal
symptoms,
hypoglycemia,
serious
adverse
events,
also
monitored.
Results:
Both
groups
exhibited
comparable
characteristics.
Following
treatment,
both
demonstrated
improvements
lipid
profiles.
Reductions
LDL
along
increases
HDL
observed
Moreover,
there
no
differences
events
groups,
indicating
similar
Conclusion:
provides
evidence
supporting
These
findings
highlight
potential
viable
therapeutic
options
Language: Английский