Polyphenols from red wine as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase activity DOI Open Access
Tatjana Majkić, Ljiljana Milovanović, Ljilja Torović

et al.

Hrana i ishrana, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 64(2), P. 25 - 33

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Alzheimer's disease, the most common type of dementia, impacts more than 55 million individuals globally, with numbers expected to increase significantly. Since acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are a significant and promising therapeutic approach in treatment, identifying natural AChE is great interest. This study investigates vitro inhibitory potential 15 red wines (5 Serbian 10 European Merlot wines) analyzes correlation between inhibition polyphenolic profiles. All samples demonstrated effects, ranging from 9.13 23.61 mg equivalents physostigmine/L wine. Variation total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins was observed across wines, French Merlots showing elevated anthocyanin levels. Principal Component Analysis revealed partial clustering based on composition rather geographic origin. Moderate correlations were found only activity (R² = 0.518) malvidin-3-O-glucoside levels 0.674), suggesting may have role other polyphenol groups. Although limited by sample size vivo metabolic changes, these findings suggest that wine polyphenols, particularly anthocyanins, contribute inhibition. These results support natural, polyphenol-rich, products prevention treatment neurodegenerative disorders such as disease. Nonetheless, additional research involving larger sizes required confirm thoroughly explore wine-derived polyphenols.

Language: Английский

Dysfunctional mitochondria in age-related neurodegeneration: Utility of melatonin as an antioxidant treatment DOI Creative Commons
Rüssel J. Reiter, Ramaswamy Sharma, Walter Manucha

et al.

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 101, P. 102480 - 102480

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

Mitochondria functionally degrade as neurons age. Degenerative changes cause inefficient oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and elevated electron leakage from the transport chain (ETC) promoting increased intramitochondrial generation of damaging reactive oxygen nitrogen species (ROS RNS). The associated progressive accumulation molecular damage causes an increasingly rapid decline in mitochondrial physiology contributing to aging. Melatonin, a multifunctional free radical scavenger indirect antioxidant, is synthesized matrix neurons. Melatonin reduces ETC elevates ATP production; it also detoxifies ROS/RNS via SIRT3/FOXO pathway upregulates activities superoxide dismutase 2 glutathione peroxidase. influences glucose processing by In neurogenerative diseases, often adopt Warburg-type metabolism which excludes pyruvate mitochondria causing reduced acetyl coenzyme A production. Acetyl supports citric acid cycle OXPHOS. Additionally, required co-substrate for arylalkylamine-N-acetyl transferase, rate limits melatonin synthesis; therefore, production diminished cells that experience making more vulnerable stress. Moreover, endogenously produced diminishes during aging, further increasing components. More normal preserved aging with supplementation.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Monoclonal therapy with lecanemab in the treatment of mild Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis DOI

Nelson Arroyo-Pacheco,

Shayuri Sarmiento-Blanco,

Guillermo Vergara-Cadavid

et al.

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102620 - 102620

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Expression of Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor and Early Oxidative DNA Damage in Aging Rat Brain—The Effects of Memantine DOI Open Access
Małgorzata Lewandowska, Agata Różycka, Teresa Grzelak

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 1634 - 1634

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Aging and age-related neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the dysfunction or loss of brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), these changes may be related to other senescence markers, such as oxidative stress DNA repair dysfunction. However, mechanism nAChR in aging modification this process drugs (e.g., memantine, Mem) not yet fully understood. To study whether differences expression rat occur due modulated Mem, we analyzed subunits (at RNA protein levels) biomarkers real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) Western blot validation. Twenty-one female Wistar rats were divided into four groups, depending on age, oldest group received injections Mem water with use intragastric catheters. We studied cerebral grey matter (CGM), subcortical white (SCWM), cerebellum (Ce). Results showed an decrease α7 mRNA level SCWM. The was accompanied reduced 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) increased tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) level. In group, observed a higher SCWM Ce. Biomarker levels changed, but different extent area. Importantly, antioxidative status stopped even regressed under treatment. After two weeks treatment, increase TP53 8-oxo-2'deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-2'dG) observed. conclude that administration protective against mechanisms.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Health and Disease DOI Creative Commons
Md Abdus Samad, Iftikhar Ahmad, A. M. Mahedi Hasan

et al.

MedComm, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(4)

Published: March 30, 2025

ABSTRACT Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a critical factor involved in multiple physiological pathological processes. While STAT3 plays an essential role homeostasis, its persistent activation has been implicated the pathogenesis various diseases, particularly cancer, bone‐related autoimmune disorders, inflammatory cardiovascular neurodegenerative conditions. The interleukin‐6/Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT3 signaling axis central to activation, influencing tumor microenvironment remodeling, angiogenesis, immune evasion, therapy resistance. Despite extensive research, precise mechanisms underlying dysregulated disease progression remain incompletely understood, no United States Food Drug Administration (USFDA)‐approved direct inhibitors currently exist. This review provides comprehensive evaluation STAT3's health disease, emphasizing involvement cancer stem cell maintenance, metastasis, inflammation, drug We systematically discuss therapeutic strategies, including JAK (tofacitinib, ruxolitinib), Src Homology 2 domain (S3I‐201, STATTIC), antisense oligonucleotides (AZD9150), nanomedicine‐based delivery systems, which enhance specificity bioavailability while reducing toxicity. By integrating molecular mechanisms, pathology, emerging interventions, this fills knowledge gap STAT3‐targeted therapy. Our insights into crosstalk, epigenetic regulation, resistance offer foundation for developing next‐generation with greater clinical efficacy translational potential.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Phosphodiesterase‑5 inhibitors and Alzheimer’s disease; a meta‑analysis on clinical studies DOI Creative Commons
Saman Behboodi Tanourlouee, Parham Torabinavid,

Ali Vaezi

et al.

Published: April 7, 2025

Abstract To evaluate the potential therapeutic benefits of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), electronic databases Embase, Scopus, and Medline were systematically searched from inception to March 18th, 2024. Studies assessing association between use PDE5Is AD incidence included. Random-effects model restricted maximum likelihood estimator was used pool data. Seven studies reviewed comprising 4,833,558 individuals, which 348,546 received treatment with one PDE5Is. Pooled hazard ratios (HR) for incidence, comparing no drug (HR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.26–0.82, p -value: 0.01), or drugs not in trial 0.41, 0.33–0.52, <0.01) calculated. Synthesized evidence indicates administration is associated risk reduction, supporting conduct phase 3 clinical trials.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Perspective Chapter: Exploring Cognitive Impairment in Long COVID – Insights and Therapeutic Progress DOI Creative Commons

Chanchal Sonkar,

Shailendra Chauhan, Charu Sonkar

et al.

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 4, 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that occurred in late and soon emerged as global pandemic. Even after recovering from the initial infection, approximately 45% of patients experience persistent symptoms, known post-COVID syndromes or long COVID, which can endure for weeks to months. Among prominent lingering symptoms are fatigue, cognitive impairment (commonly referred brain fog), musculoskeletal disorders. Brain fog manifests confusion, difficulty focusing, memory loss. Although exact cause deficits induced SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear, it is speculated chronic inflammation resulting residual virus remnants body’s reservoirs stress-released peptides may play significant role. This chapter aims delve into etiology recent advancements treating associated with COVID-19, shedding light on our understanding this complex phenomenon potential therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Polyphenols from red wine as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase activity DOI Open Access
Tatjana Majkić, Ljiljana Milovanović, Ljilja Torović

et al.

Hrana i ishrana, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 64(2), P. 25 - 33

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Alzheimer's disease, the most common type of dementia, impacts more than 55 million individuals globally, with numbers expected to increase significantly. Since acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are a significant and promising therapeutic approach in treatment, identifying natural AChE is great interest. This study investigates vitro inhibitory potential 15 red wines (5 Serbian 10 European Merlot wines) analyzes correlation between inhibition polyphenolic profiles. All samples demonstrated effects, ranging from 9.13 23.61 mg equivalents physostigmine/L wine. Variation total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins was observed across wines, French Merlots showing elevated anthocyanin levels. Principal Component Analysis revealed partial clustering based on composition rather geographic origin. Moderate correlations were found only activity (R² = 0.518) malvidin-3-O-glucoside levels 0.674), suggesting may have role other polyphenol groups. Although limited by sample size vivo metabolic changes, these findings suggest that wine polyphenols, particularly anthocyanins, contribute inhibition. These results support natural, polyphenol-rich, products prevention treatment neurodegenerative disorders such as disease. Nonetheless, additional research involving larger sizes required confirm thoroughly explore wine-derived polyphenols.

Language: Английский

Citations

0