Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025
Abstract
Glioblastoma
(GBM),
the
most
aggressive
form
of
primary
intracranial
tumors,
poses
significant
challenges
for
effective
treatment.
The
highly
invasive
characteristics
GBM
render
complete
tumor
resection
exceedingly
difficult
and
frequently
lead
to
postoperative
recurrence.
To
address
this
issue,
a
novel
autologous
nano
vaccine
is
developed
convert
immunosuppressive
microenvironment
into
an
active
immune
landscape
through
immunogenic
domino
effect,
thereby
targeting
residual
cells
preventing
This
nanovaccine
formulated
by
co‐loading
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)
glioblastoma
cell
lysates
(GCL)
layered
double
hydroxide
(LDH)
nanosheets,
which
are
subsequently
integrated
within
injectable
alginate
hydrogel
create
LLGA‐Gel.
exploits
potential
GCL
in
conjunction
with
immunostimulatory
properties
LPS
induce
pyroptotic
death,
enhance
dendritic
maturation,
promote
macrophage
polarization
toward
M1
phenotype;
these
effects
culminate
increased
CD8
+
T
infiltration
reduced
Foxp3
Tregs
at
site.
In
vivo
experiments
demonstrate
that
not
only
enhances
efficacy
death
but
also
significantly
amplifies
response,
markedly
reducing
recurrence
orthotopic
GBM.
study
underscores
promise
nanotechnology‐enhanced
immunotherapy
developing
nanovaccines
against
Abstract
Cancer
immunotherapies
have
improved
human
health,
and
one
among
the
important
technologies
for
cancer
immunotherapy
is
vaccine.
Antigens
are
most
components
in
vaccines.
Generally,
antigens
vaccines
can
be
divided
into
two
categories:
pre‐defined
unidentified
antigens.
Although,
loaded
with
predefined
commonly
used,
vaccine
mixed
antigens,
especially
whole
cells
or
cell
lysates,
a
very
promising
approach,
such
obviate
some
limitations
Their
advantages
include,
but
not
limited
to,
inclusion
of
pan‐spectra
(all
kinds
of)
inducing
pan‐clones
specific
T
cells,
overcoming
heterogeneity
cells.
In
this
review,
recent
advances
based
on
whole‐tumor
either
summarized.
terms
focus
applying
water‐soluble
lysates
as
Recently,
utilizing
has
become
feasible.
Considering
that
pre‐determined
antigen‐based
(mainly
peptide‐based
mRNA‐based)
various
limitations,
developing
alternative.
Cancer
vaccines
show
huge
potential
for
cancer
prevention
and
treatment.
However,
their
efficacy
remains
limited
due
to
weak
immunogenicity
regarding
inefficient
stimulation
of
cytotoxic
T
lymphocyte
(CTL)
responses.
Inspired
by
the
unique
characteristic
biological
function
high-density
lipoprotein
(HDL),
we
here
develop
an
HDL-mimicking
nanovaccine
with
commendable
lymph-targeted
capacity
potently
elicit
antitumor
immunity
using
lipid
nanoparticle
that
is
co-loaded
specific
cytomembrane
harboring
a
collection
tumor-associated
antigens
immune
adjuvant.
The
nanoparticulate
impact
explored
on
efficiency
lymphatic
targeting
dendritic
cell
uptake.
optimized
promotes
co-delivery
adjuvants
lymph
nodes
maintains
antigen
presentation
cells,
resulting
in
long-term
surveillance
as
elevated
frequency
CTLs
within
lymphoid
organs
tumor
tissue.
Immunization
suppresses
formation
growth
augments
therapeutic
checkpoint
inhibitors
notably
high-stemness
melanoma
mouse
models.
Abstract
Cancer
nanovaccines
represent
a
promising
frontier
in
cancer
immunotherapy,
utilizing
nanotechnology
to
augment
traditional
vaccine
efficacy.
This
review
comprehensively
examines
the
current
state‐of‐the‐art
nanovaccine
development,
elucidating
innovative
strategies
and
technologies
employed
their
design.
It
explores
both
preclinical
clinical
advancements,
emphasizing
key
studies
demonstrating
potential
elicit
robust
anti‐tumor
immune
responses.
The
study
encompasses
various
facets,
including
integrating
biomaterial‐based
nanocarriers
for
antigen
delivery,
adjuvant
selection,
impact
of
nanoscale
properties
on
performance.
Detailed
insights
into
complex
interplay
between
tumor
microenvironment
responses
are
provided,
highlighting
challenges
opportunities
optimizing
therapeutic
outcomes.
Additionally,
presents
thorough
analysis
ongoing
trials,
presenting
snapshot
landscape.
By
curating
latest
scientific
findings
developments,
this
aims
serve
as
comprehensive
resource
researchers
clinicians
engaged
advancing
immunotherapy.
Integrating
design
holds
immense
promise
revolutionizing
treatment
paradigms,
provides
timely
update
evolving
landscape
nanovaccines.
Clinically,
multimodal
therapies
are
adopted
worldwide
for
the
management
of
cancer,
which
continues
to
be
a
leading
cause
death.
In
recent
years,
immunotherapy
has
firmly
established
itself
as
new
paradigm
in
cancer
care
that
activates
body's
immune
defense
cope
with
cancer.
Immunotherapy
resulted
significant
breakthroughs
treatment
stubborn
tumors,
dramatically
improving
clinical
outcome
patients.
Multiple
forms
immunotherapy,
including
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs),
adoptive
cell
therapy
and
vaccines,
have
become
widely
available.
However,
effectiveness
these
immunotherapies
is
not
much
satisfying.
Many
patients
do
respond
disease
recurrence
appears
unavoidable
because
rapidly
evolving
resistance.
Moreover,
can
give
rise
severe
off-target
immune-related
adverse
events.
Strategies
remove
hindrances
mainly
focus
on
development
combinatorial
or
exploitation
novel
immunotherapeutic
mediations.
Nanomaterials
carrying
anticancer
agents
target
site
considered
practical
approaches
treatment.
Nanomedicine
combined
offers
possibility
potentiate
systemic
antitumor
immunity
facilitate
selective
cytotoxicity
against
cells
an
effective
safe
manner.
A
myriad
nano-enabled
currently
under
investigation.
Owing
gaps
between
preclinical
studies,
nano-immunotherapy
faces
multiple
challenges,
biosafety
nanomaterials
trial
design.
this
review,
we
provide
overview
summarize
evidence
indicating
how
nanomedicine-based
increase
efficacy
immunotherapies.
We
also
discuss
key
challenges
emerged
era
nanotechnology-based
immunotherapy.
Taken
together,
combination
drawing
increasing
attention,
it
anticipated
will
achieve
desired
success
therapy.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(23)
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
Abstract
High‐performance
theranostic
systems
are
of
paramount
importance
for
achieving
precise
image‐guided
cancer
immunotherapy.
Here,
a
novel
nanoplatform
is
presented
that
integrates
aggregation‐induced
emission
luminogen
(AIEgen)
with
prussian
blue
(PB)
nanocatalyzer
robust
The
AIEgen
dimethylamine
substitution
demonstrates
compelling
near‐infrared
(NIR)
light‐induced
photothermal
conversion
and
photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
capabilities.
By
incorporating
into
porous
PBNPs,
further
enveloped
within
M1
macrophage
membrane,
tumor‐specific
nanoagent
constructed.
This
strategic
integration
effectively
constrains
the
molecular
motion
AIEgen,
leading
to
amplified
NIR‐II
fluorescence
brightness
PDT
attributes.
Moreover,
PBNPs
can
catalyze
tumor‐overexpressed
H
2
O
generate
oxygen
boost
efficacy,
PB's
NIR
absorption
also
intensifies
photoacoustic
imaging
effect.
provides
comprehensive
information
photoimmunotherapy
in
orthotopic
breast
cancer‐bearing
mice.
Leveraging
its
potent
immunogenic
cell
death
effect,
not
only
significantly
inhibits
growth,
but
generates
whole‐cell
therapeutic
vaccine
protect
mice
from
tumor
rechallenge.
In
highly
malignant
post‐surgery
models,
enables
both
accurate
identification
residual
tumors
efficient
inhibition
postoperative
recurrence
pulmonary
metastasis.
study
will
offer
valuable
insights
creating
efficacious
multifaceted
protocols.
Bioactive Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36, С. 330 - 357
Опубликована: Март 11, 2024
Nanovaccines
have
gathered
significant
attention
for
their
potential
to
elicit
tumor-specific
immunological
responses.
Despite
notable
progress
in
tumor
immunotherapy,
nanovaccines
still
encounter
considerable
challenges
such
as
low
delivery
efficiency,
limited
targeting
ability,
and
suboptimal
efficacy.
With
an
aim
of
addressing
these
issues,
engineering
customized
through
modification
or
functionalization
has
emerged
a
promising
approach.
These
tailored
not
only
enhance
antigen
presentation,
but
also
effectively
modulate
immunosuppression
within
the
microenvironment.
Specifically,
they
are
distinguished
by
diverse
sizes,
shapes,
charges,
structures,
unique
physicochemical
properties,
along
with
ligands.
features
facilitate
lymph
node
accumulation
activation/regulation
immune
cells.
This
overview
bespoke
underscores
both
prophylactic
therapeutic
applications,
offering
insights
into
future
development
role
cancer
immunotherapy.
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(17)
Опубликована: Март 8, 2024
Cancer
vaccines
provide
a
potential
strategy
to
cure
patients.
Their
clinical
utilization
and
efficacy
is,
however,
limited
by
incomplete
coverage
of
tumor
neoantigens
unspecific
restricted
activation
dendritic
cells
(DCs).
Tumor
cell
lysates
(TCLs)
containing
broad
spectrum
neoantigens,
while
are
considered
ideal
in
formulating
personalized
vaccines,
induce
generally
poor
antigen
presentation
transient
antitumor
immune
response.
Here,
intelligent
polymersomal
nanovaccines
(PNVs)
that
quantitatively
coload,
efficiently
codeliver,
responsively
corelease
TCL
CpG
adjuvant
lymph
node
(LN)
DCs
developed
boost
specific
robust
immunity.
PNVs
carrying
ovalbumin
(OVA)
markedly
enhance
the
maturation,
presentation,
downstream
T
ability
bone-marrow-derived
strong
systemic
response
after
tail
base
injection.
Remarkably,
85%
B16-F10
melanoma-bearing
mice
generate
long-lasting
anticancer
memory
at
low
dose,
protecting
all
cured
from
rechallenge.
These
LN-directed
being
highly
versatile
straightforward
opens
new
door
for
cancer
vaccines.
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025
An
emerging
strategy
in
cancer
therapy
involves
inducing
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
specifically
within
tumors
using
nanozymes.
However,
existing
nanozymes
suffer
from
limitations
such
as
low
reactivity,
poor
biocompatibility,
and
limited
targeting
capabilities,
hindering
their
therapeutic
efficacy.
In
response,
the
PdRu@PEI
bimetallic
nanoalloys
were
constructed
with
well-catalytic
activities
effective
separation
of
charges,
which
can
catalyze
hydrogen
peroxide
(H2O2)
to
toxic
hydroxyl
radical
(·OH)
under
near-infrared
laser
stimulation.
Through
facilitating
electron
transfer
enhancing
active
sites,
enhanced
peroxidase-like
(POD-like)
enzymatic
activity
glutathione
(GSH)
depletion
abilities
are
boosted
through
a
simple
co-reduction
process,
leading
promising
anti-tumor
activity.
The
between
Pd
Ru
contributes
POD-like
Then,
by
oxidizing
endogenous
overexpressed
GSH,
cycling
prevents
GSH
consuming
ROS.
Furthermore,
surface
plasmon
resonance
effect
on
ensures
its
photothermal
performance
local
heating,
further
promoting
integrated
multi-modal
approach
has
demonstrated
significant
anti-cancer
effects
vivo
studies.
exhibit
high
catalytic
efficiency
excellent
offering
valuable
insights
for
development
nano-catalysts/enzymes
biomedical
applications.
