Evolution of the Oropharynx Cancer Epidemic in the United States: Moderation of Increasing Incidence in Younger Individuals and Shift in the Burden to Older Individuals

Journal of Clinical Oncology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 37(18), С. 1538 - 1546

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2019

Human papillomavirus-positive oropharynx cancer incidence has increased rapidly in cohorts of US white men born during the 1930s to 1950s. It is unknown how trajectory epidemic may be changing United States.Using registry information, we investigated whether increases have continued into recent birth and forecasted future burden across age, sex, race/ethnicity subgroups. Log-linear Joinpoint regression age-period-cohort models were used evaluate trends 1992 2015 projections through 2029.Among men, individuals 1939 1955 (5.3% per 2-year cohort; 95% CI, 4.8% 5.7%), but this rate increase significantly moderated 1969 (1.7% 1.0% 2.4%). Should these birth-cohort continue, from 2016 2029 forecast that will dramatically older 65 74 years age (from 40.7 71.2 100,000) 75 84 25.7 50.1 100,000), moderately 55 64 40.3 52.0 remain stable 45 54 (approximately 18 100,000). Accounting for population growth, project an annual number cases States 20,124 (95% 19,779 20,469) 30,629 29,413 31,845) 2029, primarily driven by (age ≥ years; 7,976 [95% 7,782 8,172] 18,072 17,271 18,895]) 14,453 14,142 14,764] 22,241 21,119 23,364]).The exponential young ebbed, modest are occurring/anticipated after 1955. Continued strong before 1955, approximate 50% size or portend a substantial shift elderly men.

Язык: Английский

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Saliva as a potential non-invasive liquid biopsy for early and easy diagnosis/prognosis of head and neck cancer

Translational Oncology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 40, С. 101827 - 101827

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2023

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are the most devastating diseases in India southeast Asia. It is a preventable curable disease if detected early. Tobacco alcohol consumption two major risk-factors but infection of high-risk HPVs also associated with development predominantly oral oropharyngeal carcinomas. Interestingly, unlike cervical cancer, HPV-induced HNSCCs show good prognosis better survival contrast, majority tobacco-associated HPV−ve highly aggressive poor clinical outcome. Biomarker analysis circulatory body-fluids for early cancer diagnosis, treatment monitoring becoming important practice. Early diagnosis using non-invasive saliva or other plays an role successful prognosis. Saliva mirrors body's state health as it comes into direct contact lesions needs no trained manpower to collect, making suitable bio-fluid choice screening. can be used detect not only virus, bacteria biomarkers variety molecular genetic markers detection, diseases. The performance saliva-based diagnostics reported (≥95 %) sensitive specific indicating test's ability correctly identify true positive negative cases. This review focuses on potentials detection HPV pathogens identification reliable gene mutations, oral-microbiomes, metabolites, salivary cytokines, non-coding RNAs exosomal miRNAs. discusses importance reliable, cost-effective easy alternative invasive procedures.

Язык: Английский

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Epidemiology of HPV-associated cancers past, present and future: towards prevention and elimination

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(7), С. 522 - 538

Опубликована: Май 17, 2024

Язык: Английский

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A global epidemic increase of an HPV‐induced tonsil and tongue base cancer – potential benefit from a pan‐gender use of HPV vaccine

Journal of Internal Medicine, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 287(2), С. 134 - 152

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2019

In 2007, human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 was finally recognized as a risk factor, besides smoking and alcohol, for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), including tonsillar (TSCC), by the International Agency Research against Cancer. Just before, in 2006, Food Drug Administration had approved Gardasil, first vaccine HPV16, 18, 6 11, preventive vaccination women cervical cancer. Concurrently, some Western countries, where decreasing, disclosed an epidemic increase incidence of OPSCC, especially TSCC base tongue cancer (BOTSCC), together accounting 80-90% all OPSCCs, mainly affecting men. The later revealed to be due rise HPV-positive cases, scientists field suggested HPV also boys. Globally, there are roughly 96 000 incident OPSCC cases/year which 20-24% caused HPV, thereby around 22 cases annually. Of these HPV16 infection would prevented with presently registered vaccines. such Sweden (with almost 400 BOTSCC per year) United States, prevalence is higher 70%. girls has been initiated many vaccines have efficient their side effects limited. boys has, however, exception, but should definitely not delayed any further. It benefit both directly, result better more robust herd immunity. Today, we possibility eliminate several high-risk types younger generations avoid than 600 annually worldwide, this embraced offering global pan-gender vaccination.

Язык: Английский

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Projected Association of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination With Oropharynx Cancer Incidence in the US, 2020-2045

JAMA Oncology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(10), С. e212907 - e212907

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2021

Oropharynx cancer (OPC) incidence has increased for several decades in the US. It is unclear when and how this trend will be affected by current HPV vaccination trends.To assess association of with future OPC US.This population-based age-period-cohort analysis obtained data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results program 69 562 patients 34 to 83 years age diagnosed OPC. The were National Immunization Survey-Teen (60 124 participants) Health Interview Survey (16 904 participants). Data collected January 1, 1992, December 31, 2017. Age-period-cohort forecasting models projected expected 2018 2045 under a counterfactual scenario no levels vaccination, stratifying sex. analyses completed 2020.Age- sex-specific cumulative prevalence 2016 2017 forward.Projected number cases prevented vaccination.Under rates, between 2045, decrease younger individuals (36-45 age: 1.4 0.8 per 100 000 population; 46-55 8.7 7.2 population) but continue increase among older (70-83 16.8 29.0 population). overall through remain modest (no vs vaccination: 14.3 13.8 population 2045). By reduce 36 45 (men: 48.1%; women: 42.5%) 46 55 9.0%; 22.6%), those 56 or older, rates are not meaningfully reduced. Between total 6334 which 88.8% such occur (≤55 years) groups.According projections study, have limited because who yet been vaccinated at high risk However, reductions should young middle-aged adults, group lowest diagnosis. These findings forecast continued shift landscape an population.

Язык: Английский

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Detection of circulating tumor human papillomavirus DNA before diagnosis of HPV‐positive head and neck cancer

International Journal of Cancer, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 151(7), С. 1081 - 1085

Опубликована: Март 9, 2022

Human papillomavirus (HPV), most commonly HPV16, causes a growing subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), including the overwhelming majority oropharynx in many developed countries. Circulating biomarkers for HPV-positive HNSCC may allow earlier diagnosis, with potential to decrease morbidity mortality. This case-control study evaluated whether circulating tumor HPV DNA (ctHPVDNA) is detectable prediagnostic plasma from individuals later diagnosed HNSCC. Cases were participants hospital-based research biobank archived collected ≥6 months before available archival tissue testing. Controls without cancer or HPV-related diagnoses, matched 10:1 cases by sex, race, age year collection. was detected using previously validated digital droplet PCR-based assay that quantifies tumor-tissue-modified viral (TTMV) DNA. Twelve patients median 68.5 years (range, 51-87 years) included. Ten (83.3%) had HPV16 DNA-positive tumors. ctHPV16DNA 3 10 (30%) HPV16-positive tumors, 7 (43%) The timing collection 19, 34 43 diagnosis. None 100 controls ctHPV16DNA. first report ctHPV16 at least several diagnosis patients. Further investigation as biomarker early warranted.

Язык: Английский

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Post-treatment monitoring of surgically treated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients using human papillomavirus cell-free DNA

Oral Oncology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 163, С. 107225 - 107225

Опубликована: Март 5, 2025

The incidence rate of human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing. Despite good prognosis, recurrence can decrease health-related quality life and increase mortality, so post-treatment monitoring important for patient outcomes. One potential biomarker HPV cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from blood plasma. Plasma samples at start treatment during follow-up 27 OPSCC patients were analyzed cfDNA six high-risk types using a multiplex digital PCR assay. Presence was compared to tumor status determined by p16INK4a immunohistochemistry, DNA, RNA HPV16 E6 serology. At treatment, sensitivity detection in HPV-driven cases 89 % (17/19), while specificity 100 among 39 plasma 8 HPV-negative cases. A median 4 per over mean time 11 months available. Positive negative predictive values assessed on per-test-basis. testing after completion therapy had positive value HPV-OPSCC within one year, 98 %. In recurrent OPSCC, detectable between 3 6.8 before routine examination methods. Post-treatment early could be aided patients.

Язык: Английский

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Timing of HPV16-E6 antibody seroconversion before OPSCC: findings from the HPVC3 consortium

Annals of Oncology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 30(8), С. 1335 - 1343

Опубликована: Май 22, 2019

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16)-E6 antibodies are detectable in peripheral blood before diagnosis the majority of HPV16-driven oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), but timing seroconversion is unknown.

Язык: Английский

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Summary from an international cancer seminar focused on human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharynx cancer, convened by scientists at IARC and NCI

Oral Oncology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 108, С. 104736 - 104736

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2020

Cancer of the oropharynx has attracted considerable attention in recent years given: (1) an increasing incidence selected populations over past three decades; (2) discovery human papillomavirus (HPV) infection as driver increase, opposed to traditional risk factors such tobacco (smoking and chewing) alcohol; (3) promise new prevention treatment strategies. As a result developments, International Agency for Research on (IARC) US National Institute (NCI), convened fourth Seminar meeting November 2018 focus this topic. This report summarizes proceedings: review science descriptive epidemiology, etiology, biology, genetics, early detection, pathology HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer, formulation key research questions be addressed.

Язык: Английский

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Profiling HPV-16–specific T cell responses reveals broad antigen reactivities in oropharyngeal cancer patients

The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 217(10)

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2020

Cellular immunotherapeutics targeting the human papillomavirus (HPV)–16 E6 and E7 proteins have achieved limited success in HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). Here we conducted proteome-wide profiling of HPV-16–specific T cell responses a cohort 66 patients with HPV-associated OPC 22 healthy individuals. Unexpectedly, HPV-specific from were not constrained to antigens; they also recognized E1, E2, E4, E5, L1 as dominant targets for virus-specific CD8+ CD4+ cells. Multivariate analysis incorporating tumor staging, treatment status, smoking history revealed that status had most significant impact on immunity. Specifically, breadth overall strength significantly higher before commencement curative therapy than after therapy. These data provide first glimpse response HPV clinical setting offer groundbreaking insight into future development cellular immunotherapies patients.

Язык: Английский

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