Human Papillomavirus Epidemiology and Prevention: Is There Still a Gender Gap?

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(6), С. 1060 - 1060

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2023

Background and aim: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is sexually transmitted, one of the three most common transmitted infections (STIs) in both males females, viral STI. A crucial public health strategy to protect people against HPV vaccination, which has shown its effectiveness preventing HPV-related diseases. Presently, types vaccines are available (bivalent, quadrivalent, nonvalent), they all target two oncogenic virus genotypes (HPV 16 18). In recent years, need implement vaccination programmes that include genders been discussed order achieve herd immunity HPV. To date, only a few countries have included young their programmes. Thus, our objective with this review provide an overview epidemiology prevention strategies report latest findings from scientific literature.

Язык: Английский

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HPV-related diseases in male patients: an underestimated conundrum

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 47(2), С. 261 - 274

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2023

Abstract Purpose Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease, in males and females worldwide. While role of HPV female diseases well known largely studied, have negligibly been included these programs, also because proportion women suffering dying from HPV-related much larger than men. The aim this review to focus on male patients. Methods We performed a literature analysis electronic database PubMed. considered randomized trials, observational retrospective studies, original articles having as topic relationship between following items: oral, anal penile cancers, warts, condylomas, infertility, altered sperm parameters, anti-sperm antibodies (ASA). experimental vitro studies focused effects oocyte fertilization, blastocyst development, trophoblastic cell invasiveness. In addition, describing adjuvant administration vaccination possible strategy promote clearance semen infected were included. Results Regarding head neck diseases, important non-neoplastic disease recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). neoplastic cancers attributable has increased dramatically nowadays, it thought that half squamous carcinomas (HNSCCs) cases United States are caused by with high-risk HPV. noteworthy andrological practice too. It was described high prevalence, ranging 50 70%, shaft, glans penis/coronal sulcus, scrotal, perianal, regions. Moreover, patients, associated, among other cancers. reported about 10% men general population 16% unexplained although data seem widely underestimated according clinical experience. particular, seems be related asthenozoospermia (ASAs). Conclusions represents health problem detrimental social public impact. Despite evidence, little done date young males.

Язык: Английский

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Improved Visualization of Oropharyngeal Tumors Using Simple Maneuvers During Flexible Endoscopy

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025

To describe patient positioning maneuvers that optimize visualization of the oropharynx during flexible endoscopy. An institutional database videos obtained from 2021 to 2023 endoscopy patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC) was reviewed. Patients seen outside specialty head and neck clinic, those tonsillar primary tumors, only fiberoptic swallowing evaluations were excluded. A total 10 then independently analyzed by 2 reviewers assess effects 4 on tumor visualization: chin elevation, phonation, tongue protrusion, contralateral turn. After segmentation analysis in Label Studio, surface area (SA) visualized pixels calculated Python compared against maximum width epiglottis calculate relative SA. Four different evaluated this study: (1) elevation [n = 4]; (2) phonation 9]; (3) protrusion (4) turn 9]. The average increased area(SA) baseline view: SA 1.7 fold (95% CI 1.11-2.34), 1.11-2.37), 1.5 1.16-1.80), an 2.7 0.74-4.72). Instituting simple additional techniques for tumors can improve staging assessment staging.

Язык: Английский

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Relationship Between Human Papilloma Virus and Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers

Viruses, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(3), С. 367 - 367

Опубликована: Март 4, 2025

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is an oncogenic DNA virus that the most commonly transmitted sexually virus. There substantial evidence HPV associated with different types of cancer. While majority studies have concentrated on urogenital system cancers and head neck cancers, relationship between gastrointestinal particularly esophageal has also been subject investigation. Given a disease can be prevented through vaccination treated antiviral agents, identifying pathogen may inform treatment these cancers. This comprehensive review examines upper tract, highlighting mechanisms its reported prevalence. A deeper understanding HPV’s association cancer relevant to further development therapies.

Язык: Английский

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Health-Related Quality of Life, Psychosocial Distress and Unmet Needs in Older Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

Frontiers in Oncology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common cancer involving mucosal surfaces of head associated with a number etiological factors, including cigarette smoking, alcohol betel nut consumption exposure to high-risk human papillomavirus. The risk HNSCC increases age, peaking in seventh eighth decade, but this varies by anatomical histological subtype. While several advancements have been made treatment (HNC) recent decades, undertaking curative still subjects majority patients substantial treatment-related toxicity requiring tolerate gamut physical, psychological, emotional demands on their reserves. In conjunction other patient-related clinicians involved treating may incorporate advancing chronological age into decision-making process when determining recommendations. be increased concerns regarding physical tolerability, also concerned about heightened vulnerability various health wellbeing outcomes. available literature, however, does not provide evidence and, many instances, older self-report greater resilience compared younger counterparts. data reassuring it limited selection bias heterogeneity trial study design absence consistent definition elderly patient HNSCC. This narrative review article includes measures used assess HRQL, psychosocial outcomes unmet needs or

Язык: Английский

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Anti-cancer management of head and neck cancers and oral microbiome—what can we clinically obtain?

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) exhibits significant genetic heterogeneity primarily concerns the oral cavity oropharynx. These cancers occur more frequently in men with a 5-year survival rate below 50%. Major risk factors include human papilloma virus (HPV) (notably type 16), Epstein-Barr virus, tobacco, alcohol, poor hygiene approximately 4.5% of global linked to HPV. Notably, differences microbiome between healthy individuals patients head (HNCs) have been identified. Recent studies highlight significance certain microbes assessment potential as biomarker for HNCs. Additionally, role metastasis has acknowledged. Treatment HNCs includes local methods, such surgery radiotherapy, systemic approaches, immunotherapy. Numerous side effects accompany these treatments. Emerging research suggests beneficial preoperative immunonutrition probiotics patient outcomes, emphasizing influence on treatment efficacy. This review explores reciprocal HNC gut using brachytherapy, surgery, immunotherapy, chemotherapy.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination on Male Disease: A Systematic Review

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(6), С. 1083 - 1083

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2023

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related diseases are highly prevalent in men worldwide, comprising external anogenital condyloma, anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN), penile (PIN), and oropharyngeal cancers. There is exceptionally low vaccine coverage the male population. Only 4% of were fully vaccinated, as 2019. The aim this review to assess impact HPV vaccination on disease. Three databases (MEDLINE, Web Science, Scopus) Clinical Trials.gov searched. We included thirteen studies, eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs), five cohorts, a total 14,239 participants. Regarding disease, seven studies reported efficacy ranging from 91.1% 93.1% against AIN1, 89.6% 91.7% AIN2|3 cancer. Five showed an genital condyloma 89.9% HPV-naïve males, varying between 66.7% 67.2% intention-to-treat populations. Studies reporting no have older These results support young previously infected, beyond males. evidence quality was moderate for most outcomes, namely diseases. RCTs needed

Язык: Английский

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Association between family income to poverty ratio and HPV infection status among U.S. women aged 20 years and older: a study from NHANES 2003-2016

Frontiers in Oncology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2023

HPV infection is closely related to the occurrence of cervical cancer and has an important adverse effect on human life health. This study used data from NHANES 2003-2016 investigate relationship between PIR status among Americans aged 20 older.The for this cross-sectional investigation came National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which included 9580 women who were years age or older. The linear nonlinear correlations presence investigated using multiple regression smooth curve fitting. stability across groups was examined subgroup analysis interaction tests.There 2232 impoverished homes 2543 rich households adult participants above. (ratio income poverty) found be significantly inversely [0.91 (0.89, 0.94)] after adjusting all other covariates, trend persisted even categorizing into high- low-income (PIR>4 PIR<1). In addition, significant negative relationships discovered in analyses 25 59 [0.90 (0.88, 0.93)], non-Hispanic whites [0.80 (0.70, 0.92)], non-diabetics 0.94)], those had ever engaged sex 0.94)].PIR highly negatively correlated with American results are great significance preventing improving accuracy screening.

Язык: Английский

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The effect of phosphorylation efficiency on the oncogenic properties of the protein E7 from high-risk HPV

Virus Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 348, С. 199446 - 199446

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2024

The Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes tumors in part by hijacking the host cell cycle and forcing uncontrolled cellular division. While there are >200 genotypes of HPV, 15 classified as high-risk have been shown to transform infected cells contribute tumor formation. remaining low-risk not considered oncogenic result benign skin lesions. In oncoprotein E7 contributes dysregulation regulatory mechanisms. High-risk is phosphorylated at two conserved serine residues Casein Kinase 2 (CK2) this phosphorylation event increases binding affinity for proteins such suppressor retinoblastoma (pRb). possesses similar residues, it a lesser degree has decreased capabilities. When decreased, less able facilitate complex interactions between therefore capability dysregulate cycle. By comparing protein sequences from both low- HPV variants using site-directed mutagenesis combined with NMR spectroscopy cell-based assays, we demonstrate that presence key nonpolar valine within CK2 recognition sequence, present E7, reduces efficiency relative E7. This results significant loss ability degrade protein, thus also reducing increase proliferation reduce senescence. provides additional insight into differential E7-mediated outcomes when verses HPV. Understanding these differences may be important developing targeted treatment options HPV-induced cancers.

Язык: Английский

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Oral HPV Infection in Women with HPV-Positive Cervix Is Closely Related to Oral Sex

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(12), С. 2096 - 2096

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2023

The oral transmission of HPV and, consequently, the risk cancer has increased in last years. Oral sex often been implicated among factors for infections, however, there is still no consensus on these topics, nor relationship between genital and infections. present study aimed to evaluate coexistence papilloma virus, at levels mucosa, women with a histologically confirmed lesions (and positive test) level negative control group. We also evaluated how some factors, such as smoking, number partners, age, sexual habits can influence possible presence virus itself oropharynx same women. In total, 117 unvaccinated aged 18 52 were enrolled. found that prevalence infection was high concomitant (22%) compared HPV-negative (0%), estimated odds ratio 17.36 (95% CI: 1.02, 297.04). none did we find any relevant clinical lesions. potential infections genitals analyzed based questionnaire responses. A multivariate analysis showed significantly associated partners > 10 (OR 138.60, 95% 6.04-3181.30, p < 0.001), but data referred having 3-5 or 6-10 being significant, education 6.24, 1.67-4.23.26 = 0.003), frequency intercourse >10 91.67 3.20-2623.52, 0.004), 6.16, 1.22-31.19, 0.014), >20 cigarettes/day 6.09 1.21-30.61, 0.014). Furthermore, "separate" multiple sexually transmitted diseases infection. contrast, 36 50 years 27.38, 4.37-171.37; 0.000202) 95.5, 5.13-1782.75, 0.001126).Additionally, separate, cohabitant, lifetime >10, <20 per month, occasional regular anal sex, cigarettes day, history disease (herpes multiple), warts significant. Screening early diagnosis are considered be practically unfeasible this category cancer, given lack visible lesions; 9-valent vaccine remains only means could help successfully counter growing incidence squamous cell carcinoma.

Язык: Английский

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