Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 104, С. 110051 - 110051
Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2020
Язык: Английский
World Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 19(3), С. 360 - 380
Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2020
There is increasing academic and clinical interest in how “lifestyle factors” traditionally associated with physical health may also relate to mental psychological well‐being. In response, international national bodies are producing guidelines address behaviors the prevention treatment of illness. However, current evidence for causal role lifestyle factors onset prognosis disorders unclear. We performed a systematic meta‐review top‐tier examining activity, sleep, dietary patterns tobacco smoking impact on risk outcomes across range disorders. Results from 29 meta‐analyses prospective/cohort studies, 12 Mendelian randomization two meta‐reviews, randomized controlled trials were synthesized generate overviews targeting each specific depression, anxiety stress‐related disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Standout findings include: a) convergent indicating use activity primary spectrum disorders; b) emerging implicating as factor both common severe illness; c) need clearly establish relations between illness, diet should be best addressed within care; d) poor sleep although further research required understand complex, bidirectional benefits non‐pharmacological sleep‐focused interventions. The potentially shared neurobiological pathways multiple discussed, along directions future research, recommendations implementation these at public service levels.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
745
Current Nutrition Reports, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(3), С. 171 - 182
Опубликована: Май 13, 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review Probiotics are living bacteria, which when ingested in adequate amounts, confer health benefits. Gut microbes suggested to play a role many psychiatric disorders and could be potential therapeutic target. Between the gut brain, there is bi-directional communication pathway called microbiota-gut-brain axis. The purpose this review examine data from recent interventional studies focusing on probiotics gut-brain axis for treatment depression, anxiety schizophrenia. Recent Findings likely improve depression but not Regarding anxiety, only one trial showed an effect multispecies probiotic. However, determinants like duration treatment, dosage interactions have been thoroughly investigated deserve more scientific attention. Summary Microbiome-based therapies such as cautiously recommended enhance beneficial bacteria mood through
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
257
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(20), С. 7551 - 7551
Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2020
The gut microbiome acts as an integral part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that has largest and vulnerable surface with desirable features to observe foods, nutrients, environmental factors, well differentiate commensals, invading pathogens, others. It is well-known a strong connection central nervous system (CNS) in context health disease. A healthy diverse microbes vital for normal brain functions emotional behaviors. In addition, CNS controls most aspects GI physiology. molecular interaction between gut/microbiome complex bidirectional, ensuring maintenance homeostasis proper digestion. Besides this, several mechanisms have been proposed, including endocrine, neuronal, toll-like receptor, metabolites-dependent pathways. Changes bidirectional relationship GIT are linked pathogenesis neurological disorders; therefore, microbiota/gut-and-brain axis emerging widely accepted concept. this review, we summarize recent findings supporting role microbiota immune on development disorders. highlight advances improving diseases by probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics fecal transplantation via concept gut–brain axis.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
247
Advances in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 12(4), С. 1239 - 1285
Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2020
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
240
American Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 177(10), С. 944 - 954
Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2020
Efforts to prevent depression, the leading cause of disability worldwide, have focused on a limited number candidate factors. Using phenotypic and genomic data from over 100,000 UK Biobank participants, authors sought systematically screen validate wide range potential modifiable factors for depression.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
195
Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 10(1)
Опубликована: Май 18, 2020
Abstract The literature on non-genetic peripheral biomarkers for major mental disorders is broad, with conflicting results. An umbrella review of meta-analyses Alzheimer’s disease, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder (BD), depressive and schizophrenia, including first-episode psychosis. We included that compared alterations in between participants to controls (i.e., between-group meta-analyses) assessed after treatment within-group meta-analyses). Evidence association was hierarchically graded using a priori defined criteria against several biases. Assessment Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) instrument used investigate study quality. 1161 references were screened. 110 met inclusion criteria, relating 359 meta-analytic estimates 733,316 measurements, 162 different biomarkers. Only two convincing evidence (elevated awakening cortisol levels euthymic BD relative decreased pyridoxal schizophrenia controls). Of 42 which highly suggestive only five biomarker aberrations occurred more than one disorder. 15 had power >0.8 detect small effect size, most (81.9%) high heterogeneity. Although some associations either or evidence, overall the vast affected by bias underpowered. No supported existence trans-diagnostic biomarker. Adequately powered methodologically sound future large collaborative studies are warranted.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
172
Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11
Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2020
The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been recently recognized as a key modulator of neuropsychiatric health. In this framework, probiotics (recently named "psychobiotics") may modulate brain activity and function, possibly improving the behavioral profiles children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We evaluated effects on autism in double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled trial 85 preschoolers ASD (mean age, 4.2 years; 84% boys). Participants were randomly assigned to (De Simone Formulation) (n=42) or placebo (n=43) for six months. Sixty-three (74%) completed trial. No differences between groups detected primary outcome measure, Total Diagnostic Observation Schedule - Calibrated Severity Score (ADOS-CSS). An exploratory secondary analysis subgroups without Gastrointestinal Symptoms (GI group, n= 30; NGI n=55) revealed group treated significant decline ADOS scores compared that mean reduction 0.81 CSS 1.14 Social-Affect over GI we found greater improvements some symptoms, adaptive functioning, sensory than placebo. These results suggest potentially positive core symptoms subset independent specific intermediation probiotic effect symptoms. Further studies are warranted replicate extend these promising findings wider population subsets patients which share targets intervention axis.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02708901.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
152
The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(6), С. 424 - 455
Опубликована: Март 21, 2022
Objectives The therapeutic use of nutrient-based 'nutraceuticals' and plant-based 'phytoceuticals' for the treatment mental disorders is common; however, despite recent research progress, there have not been any updated global clinical guidelines since 2015. To address this, World Federation Societies Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Canadian Network Mood Anxiety Disorders (CANMAT) convened an international taskforce involving 31 leading academics clinicians from 15 countries, between 2019 2021. These are aimed at providing a definitive evidence-informed approach to assist in making decisions around such agents major psychiatric disorders. We also provide detail on safety tolerability, advice regarding prescription (e.g. indications, dosage), addition consideration specialised populations.Methods methodology was based WFSBP development process. Evidence assessed grading evidence (and modified focus Grade A level – meta-analysis or two more RCTs due breadth data available across all nutraceuticals phytoceuticals disorders). both 'level evidence' (LoE) (i.e. meta-analyses RCTs) assessment direction evidence, determine whether intervention 'Recommended' (+++), 'Provisionally Recommended' (++), 'Weakly (+), 'Not Currently (+/−), (−) particular condition. Due number trials now field, we firstly examined our meta-reviews (nutraceuticals conducted 2019, 2020). then performed search additional relevant reported these as primary drivers supporting recommendations. Lower levels including isolated RCTs, open label studies, case preclinical research, interventions with only traditional anecdotal use, were assessed.Results Amongst positive directionality varying support (recommended, provisionally recommended, weakly recommended) found adjunctive omega-3 fatty acids vitamin D probiotics zinc methylfolate s-adenosyl methionine (SAMe) (+) unipolar depression. Monotherapy folic acid (−), C tryptophan creatine inositol magnesium n-acetyl cysteine (NAC) (+/−) SAMe supported this use. In bipolar disorder, had weak depression while NAC currently recommended (+/−). OCD-related disorders; no other nutraceutical sufficient anxiety-related disorder. Vitamin (++) degrees negative symptoms schizophrenia, not, although suggests role prevention transition psychosis high-risk youth, potential pre-existing deficiency. Micronutrients ADHD, omega-9 acetyl L carnitine supported. Phytoceuticals included St John's wort saffron curcumin lavender depression, rhodiola mood Ashwagandha galphimia modestly anxiety disorders, kava chamomile generalised Ginkgo schizophrenia but ADHD With respect deemed acceptable tolerability low-risk over-the-counter most circumstances. Quality standardisation raised by key limiting issue firmer confidence agents. Finally, noted that be primarily (where supportive exists) adjunctively within standard medical/health professional care model, especially cases severe illness. Some reviewed contained heterogenous studies poor methodology. Isolated series included, it recognised absence does imply lack efficacy.Conclusions Based current clinician input, range given either recommendation provisional various However several endorsement use; few possible reach clear direction, largely mixed study findings; some showed obvious benefit clearly It intention inform psychiatric/medical, health practice globally.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
130
Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 231, С. 107988 - 107988
Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2021
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
125
Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(11), С. 708 - 708
Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2019
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are divided into n-3 and n-6 classes, essential for good health in humans many animals. They metabolised to lipid mediators, such as eicosanoids, resolvins protectins. Increasing interest has been paid the 20 or 22 carbon very long chain PUFAs, since these compounds can be used form mediators and, thus, avoid inefficient formation of dietary plant PUFAs. The ultimate sources PUFAs algae, consumed by fish then humans. In this review, I describe biosynthesis algae how synthesis manipulated commercial purposes. Ultimately, production algal oils is critical ecosystems worldwide, well human lipids.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
138