The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness

The Lancet Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 6(8), С. 675 - 712

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Post-traumatic stress disorder

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 1(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Psychiatric comorbidities in alcohol use disorder

The Lancet Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 6(12), С. 1068 - 1080

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2019

Язык: Английский

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A Systematic Review of the Self‐Medication Hypothesis in the Context of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Comorbid Problematic Alcohol Use

Journal of Traumatic Stress, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 33(5), С. 699 - 708

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2020

Abstract Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use (AUD) commonly co‐occur are associated with many negative public health outcomes. There several etiological models that explain the overlap between PTSD AUD, including shared genetic risk phenotypic causality, but predominant model of etiologic association is drinking‐to‐cope self‐medication model. Although conceptually appealing has been widely accepted within literature examining anxiety (e.g., PTSD) phenotypes, findings inconsistent there a lack rigorous empirical evidence in support this This review, which was, to our knowledge, first systematic review relation date, aimed synthesize current on problematic context In total, 24 studies met inclusion criteria for assessed hypothesis using variety measurement instruments data analytic approaches, such as mediation, moderation, regression. Overall, included provide limited rigor due methodological limitations. These limitations, include issues operationalization (or thereof) trauma‐related drinking cope, discussed, directions future research presented.

Язык: Английский

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions for comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder

European journal of psychotraumatology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Май 3, 2022

Background The psychological treatment of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use (SUD) is clinically challenging, outcomes are often poor.Objective This paper describes a systematic review meta-analysis which sought to establish the current efficacy for number established approaches adults adolescents, in comparison interventions SUD alone, or other active approaches, following pre-registered protocol.Method followed PRISMA Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. Data extraction risk bias judgements using criteria were undertaken by all authors. Primary PTSD severity post-treatment. quality findings was assessed GRADE. Following comprehensive search, conducted 13 September 2021, 27 studies included.Results We found relatively high level dropout across studies. In our main comparisons, we no benefits present-focused aimed at improving coping skills beyond those SUD-only interventions. modest trauma-focused intervention plus post-treatment (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.64, −0.08), 6–13 months (SMD −0.48, CI −0.81, −0.15) alcohol −0.23, −0.44, −0.02). There cognitive restructuring as group, but effect integrated behavioural therapy (ICBT) −0.33, −0.62, −0.04). evidence some benefit over from single study reduction incentivized attendance another study. Most very low quality.Conclusion that ICBT can improve individuals, many patients do not fully engage with average effects modest.HIGHLIGHTS For PTSD, strongest CBT-based modest.There little any added on use, standard addiction treatments, included intervention.Dropout

Язык: Английский

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A review of the long‐term impact of child maltreatment on posttraumatic stress disorder and its comorbidities: An emotion dysregulation perspective.

Clinical Psychology Science and Practice, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 24(2), С. 154 - 169

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2017

This review examines posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to child maltreatment in adults, PTSD comorbidities, and complex PTSD, with a focus on emotion dysregulation. Adults maltreated as children report high rates of PTSD. Although all forms are associated increased risk, effects stronger for sexual emotional abuse, abuse the context other adverse childhood experiences, cumulative abuse. comorbidities that involve dysregulation examined, including substance use disorders, eating borderline personality disorder. Emotion appears be coalescent factor nexus maltreatment, comorbidities. Treatment recommendations made adults maltreatment–related

Язык: Английский

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The burden of alcohol use disorders in US military veterans: results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study

Addiction, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 111(10), С. 1786 - 1794

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2016

To analyze data from a large, contemporary, nationally representative sample of US veterans to evaluate: (1) the prevalence life-time alcohol use disorder (AUD) and past-year AUD; (2) common psychiatric comorbidities associated with (3) correlates probable AUD.Data were analyzed National Health Resilience in Veterans Study (NHRVS), web-based survey random probability military veterans.United States.Nationally 3157 aged 21 years older.Life-time abuse dependence assessed according DSM-IV diagnostic criteria using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, combined into single variable: AUD. Past-year AUD was Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C). Correlates AUD, including comorbidities, suicidality demographic characteristics, also assessed.The 42.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 40.5-43.9%)] 14.8% (95% CI 13.6-16.0%), respectively. Compared without those had substantially elevated rates current mood anxiety disorders [odds ratios (ORs) 2.6-4.1], drug (OR 10.7), suicide attempt 4.1) suicidal ideation 2.1). Younger age, male sex, lower education, annual household income greater number traumatic events independently unpartnered marital status diagnosis major depressive AUD.More than 40% have history disorder. substantial comorbid burden, attempts. Certain socio-demographic (e.g. younger education) clinical trauma depression) characteristics are increased risk

Язык: Английский

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Neurobiology of comorbid post‐traumatic stress disorder and alcohol‐use disorder

Genes Brain & Behavior, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 16(1), С. 15 - 43

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2016

Post‐traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) and alcohol‐use AUD are highly comorbid in humans. Although we have some understanding of the structural functional brain changes that define each these disorders, how those contribute to behavioral symptoms them, little is known about neurobiology , which may be due part a scarcity adequate animal models for examining this research question. The goal review summarize current state‐of‐the‐science on . We epidemiological data documenting prevalence comorbidity, what potential neurobiological basis frequent co‐occurrence discuss successes failures past treatment strategies. also aim examine highlighting where parallel human condition, strengths weaknesses model. conclude by discussing key gaps our knowledge strategies addressing them: particular, (1) highlight need better condition clinical trial design, (2) emphasize examination subpopulation effects individual differences (3) urge cross‐talk between basic researchers reflected collaborative work with forward reverse translational impact.

Язык: Английский

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PTSD and Physical Health

Current Psychiatry Reports, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 20(12)

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Health consequences of bullying in the healthcare workplace: A systematic review

Journal of Advanced Nursing, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 75(12), С. 3195 - 3209

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2019

Abstract Aims To review both mental and physical health consequences of bullying for healthcare employees. Design Systematic literature review. Data sources EMBASE , MEDLINE Psyc INFO PUBMED Web Science Core Collection were searched articles published between 2005 ‐ January 2017. Review methods This was conducted using the framework described by Khan reported Preferred Reporting Items Reviews Meta‐Analyses. Two independent reviewers performed systematic data extraction appraised methodological quality included articles. A pooled mean prevalence estimated. Results Forty‐five papers met inclusion criteria. Bullying ranged from 3.9% to 86.5%, with a estimate 26.3%. Perceived associated problems including psychological distress, depression burnout, insomnia headache. Bullied staff took more sick leave. Conclusion occurs frequently amongst is deleterious occupational functionality.

Язык: Английский

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