Warming amplification over the Arctic Pole and Third Pole: Trends, mechanisms and consequences

Earth-Science Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 217, С. 103625 - 103625

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Extreme weather and climate events in northern areas: A review

Earth-Science Reviews, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 209, С. 103324 - 103324

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2020

The greatest impacts of climate change on ecosystems, wildlife and humans often arise from extreme events rather than changes in climatic means. Northern high latitudes, including the Arctic, experience a variety climate-related events, yet there has been little attempt to synthesize information this region. This review surveys work various types northern addressing (1) evidence for variations based analyses recent historical data (2) projected primarily studies utilizing global models. survey weather includes temperature, precipitation, snow, freezing rain, atmospheric blocking, cyclones, wind. also cryospheric biophysical impacts: sea ice rapid loss Greenland Ice Sheet melt, floods, drought, wildfire, coastal erosion, terrestrial marine ecosystems. Temperature rank at end spectra confidence future change, while flooding cyclones lower end. Research priorities identified basis include greater use high-resolution models observing system enhancements that target events. There is need further attribution, ecosystems humans, thresholds or tipping points may be triggered by latitudes.

Язык: Английский

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Polar Climate Change as Manifest in Atmospheric Circulation

Current Climate Change Reports, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 4(4), С. 383 - 395

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2018

Dynamic manifestations of climate change, i.e. those related to circulation, are less well understood than thermodynamic, or temperature-related aspects. However, this knowledge gap is narrowing. We review recent progress in understanding the causes observed changes polar tropospheric and stratospheric interpreting model projections their future changes. Trends annular modes reflect influences multiple drivers. In Northern Hemisphere, there appears be a "tug-of-war" between opposing effects Arctic near-surface warming tropical upper warming, two predominant features atmospheric response increasing greenhouse gases. Future trends Southern Hemisphere largely depend on competing ozone recovery Human influence Antarctic circulation detectable strengthening vortex poleward shift westerly winds. Observed cannot confidently separated from internal variability.

Язык: Английский

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Trends and variability in polar sea ice, global atmospheric circulations, and baroclinicity

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 1504(1), С. 167 - 186

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2021

Abstract We analyze the polar sea ice distribution and global level pressure (SLP) baroclinicity distributions over “satellite” period of 1979–2020. In Arctic, there are statistically significant extent (SIE) decreases in all calendar months, annual mean has lost 2.22 million km 2 four decades. The Antarctic SIE, marked contrast, increased up to 2014, then commenced a remarkable retreat (the decreased by 2.03 3 years 2017), subsequently near its long‐term average value 2020. shifts seasonal‐mean SLP patterns consistent with warming planet. At synoptic scale, we diagnose changes baroclinicity, mechanism which cyclones, fronts, other weather systems generated. Through novel presentation, give an overview relative roles vertical shear static stability influencing trends baroclinicity. both Arctic regions, is shown have each season (with sole exception summer). This increase, coupled midlatitude results poleward storm tracks.

Язык: Английский

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CASEarth Poles: Big Data for the Three Poles

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 101(9), С. E1475 - E1491

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2020

Abstract Unprecedented changes in the climate and environment have been observed three poles, including North Pole, South Third Pole–Tibetan Plateau. Although considerable data collected several observation networks built these polar regions, poles are relatively data-scarce regions due to inaccessible acquisition, high-cost labor, difficult living environments. To address obstacles better understanding unprecedented their effects on global humans, there is a pressing need for curation, integration, service, application support fundamental scientific research sustainable development poles. CASEarth Poles, project within framework of “CAS Big Earth Data Science Engineering” program Chinese Academy Sciences, aims construct big platform Poles will be devoted 1) breaking bottleneck sharing; 2) developing high-resolution remote sensing products over poles; 3) generating atmospheric reanalysis datasets regions; 4) exploring synchronization, asynchronization, teleconnection environmental 5) investigating climate, water cycle, ecosystem dynamics interactions among multispheres effects; 6) supporting decision-making with regard sea ice forecasting, infrastructure, regions. collaborate international efforts enable information services era.

Язык: Английский

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On the crucial role of atmospheric rivers in the two major Weddell Polynya events in 1973 and 2017 in Antarctica

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 6(46)

Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2020

This study reports the occurrence of intense atmospheric rivers (ARs) during two large Weddell Polynya events in November 1973 and September 2017 investigates their role opening via enhancement sea ice melt. Few days before polynya openings, persistent ARs maintained a sustained positive total energy flux at surface, resulting thinning decline concentration Maud Rise region. The were associated with anomalously high amounts precipitable water cloud liquid content exceeding 3 SDs above climatological mean. above-normal integrated vapor transport (IVT 99th percentile), as well opaque bands, warmed surface (+10°C skin air temperature) substantial increases (+250 W m

Язык: Английский

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Beyond intensity of urban heat island effect: A continental scale analysis on land surface temperature in major Chinese cities

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 791, С. 148334 - 148334

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Midlatitude Winter Extreme Temperature Events and Connections with Anomalies in the Arctic and Tropics

Journal of Climate, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 34(10), С. 3733 - 3749

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2021

Abstract For the last few decades Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes have seen an increasing number of temperature extreme events. It has been suggested that some these extremes are related to planetary wave activity. In this study we identify propagation regions at 300 hPa using ERA-Interim dataset from 1980 2017 and link them in densely populated Hemisphere. Most studies used background flow fields monthly or seasonal scale investigate propagation. a phenomenon is influenced by threshold incidents nonlinear processes, can distort net Rossby signal. A novel aspect our investigation lies use daily data allowing it be diagnosed for limited but important periods across wider range latitudes, including polar region. We show winter associated with circulation anomalies both Arctic tropics, while relative importance areas differs according specific midlatitude particular, trains connecting tropical Pacific Atlantic may North America Siberia. seas markedly Eurasian regions. Analysis synoptic suggests pre-existing local play key role development those extremes, as well amplification large-scale trains. also demonstrate warm create cold outbreaks Siberia America.

Язык: Английский

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Sea surface temperature variability in the Arctic Ocean and its marginal seas in a changing climate: Patterns and mechanisms

Global and Planetary Change, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 193, С. 103265 - 103265

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2020

Язык: Английский

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On the role of Ural Blocking in driving the Warm Arctic–Cold Siberia pattern

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 146(730), С. 2138 - 2153

Опубликована: Март 13, 2020

Abstract We use reanalysis data to substantiate the role of Ural blocking (UB) in driving Warm Arctic–Cold Siberia (WACS) pattern, which represents an anti‐correlation surface temperature between Barents–Kara Seas and central Asia. confirm a robust link UB WACS pattern on daily subseasonal time‐scales. controls pace pattern; warming over cooling Asia peak 3–5 days after onset. The observed sea ice deficit weeks prior onset is not statistically significant when long‐term trend removed. Thus, may have direct impact occurrence but it develops as delayed response UB. interannual variability also strongly linked identify upward wintertime recent decades that accounts for rate 1°C/decade Over Seas, trends explain small fraction warming, dominated by Arctic amplification. Finally, ERA‐Interim period weaker during 1990s lowest activity was observed.

Язык: Английский

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