Objective:
Theories
about
within-person
(WP)
variation
are
often
tested
using
between-
person
(BP)
research,
despite
the
well-established
fact
that
results
may
not
generalize
across
levels
of
analysis.
One
possible
explanation
vague
theories
do
specify
which
level
analysis
is
interest.
We
illustrate
such
a
case
construct
self-compassion.
The
factor
structure
at
BP
has
been
highly
debated,
although
theory
actually
concerned
with
relationships
WP
level.
Method:
Multilevel
confirmatory
was
applied
to
experience-sampling
data
self-compassion
(N
=
213,
n
4,052
measurement
occasions).
Results:
At
both
analysis,
evidence
for
two-factor
model
found.
However,
factors
were
moderately
related
(r
.37,
p
<
.001)
but
largely
independent
.04,
.696).
Exploratory
analyses
revealed
considerable
heterogeneity
in
relationship
among
individuals.
Conclusion:
discuss
how
our
provide
new
impulses
move
debate
around
forward.
Lastly,
we
outline
–
major
interest
self-
compassion
and
other
constructs
psychology
can
guide
conceptualization
assessment
promote
advancements
resulting
applications.
Mindfulness,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(8), С. 1997 - 2013
Опубликована: Июль 27, 2023
Abstract
Objectives
This
study
examined
the
role
of
self-other
harmony
in
relations
between
self-compassion,
other-compassion,
and
well-being.
Past
research
has
shown
self-
other-compassion
to
be
positively
related.
But
we
hypothesised
that
self-compassion
can
perceived
as
incompatible
with
might
uncorrelated
or
negatively
correlated
daily
life
for
some
individuals.
We
termed
this
pattern
lack
compassion
it
would
undermine
benefits
compassion.
Method
Using
an
experience
sampling
method
patients
(
n
=154)
a
variety
diagnoses,
measured
life-satisfaction,
mood,
contextual
variables
six
times
per
day
42
time
points.
Results
For
most
participants,
was
associated
other-compassion.
However,
there
substantial
heterogeneity
effect.
The
degree
moderated
link
directed
towards
self
other
Higher
levels
were
higher
well-being,
but
only
those
who
experienced
harmony.
When
two
forms
not
harmony,
self/other-compassion
largely
unrelated
Conclusions
findings
emphasise
importance
personalised
interventions
rather
than
one-size-fits-all
approach.
Increasing
is
likely
improve
well-being
people.
minority
lacking
may
necessary
assess
their
interpretation
then
work
them
promote
balance
optimal
Preregistration
preregistered.
Cognitive Therapy and Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
48(4), С. 1 - 22
Опубликована: Май 28, 2024
Abstract
Purpose
To
develop
effective
and
personalized
interventions,
it
is
essential
to
identify
the
most
critical
processes
or
psychological
drivers
that
impact
an
individual’s
well-being.
Some
may
be
universally
beneficial
well-being
across
many
contexts
people,
while
others
only
certain
individuals
in
specific
contexts.
Method
We
conducted
three
intensive
daily
diary
studies,
each
with
more
than
50
within-person
measurement
occasions,
data
sets
(n1
=
44;
n2
37;
n3
141).
aimed
investigate
individual
differences
strength
of
associations
between
distinct
process
measures
a
variety
outcomes.
utilized
unique
idiographic
algorithm,
known
as
i-ARIMAX
(Autoregressive
Integrated
Moving
Average),
determine
relationship
(Beta)
outcome
within
(“i”).
All
computed
betas
were
then
subjected
meta-analyses,
treated
“study”.
Results
The
results
revealed
process-outcome
links
varied
significantly
individuals,
surpassing
homogeneity
typically
seen
meta-analyses
studies.
Although
several
showed
group-level
effects,
no
was
found
when
considered
individually.
For
instance,
involving
social
behavior,
like
being
assertive,
did
not
demonstrate
any
loneliness
but
still
had
significant
individual-level
effects
from
positive
negative.
Discussion
Using
might
help
reduce
number
candidate
variables
for
complex
analyses.
Additionally,
size
pattern
could
prove
useful
guiding
interventions.
Mindfulness,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13(8), С. 1876 - 1900
Опубликована: Июль 18, 2022
Abstract
Objectives
Growing
research
indicates
that
self-compassion
is
associated
with
key
physical
health
outcomes
in
non-clinical
adult
populations.
This
systematic
review
was
designed
to
characterize
the
mediators
linking
outcomes,
evaluate
study
quality
and
theoretical
evidence,
compare
findings
mental
literature,
provide
directions
for
future
research.
Methods
We
searched
Embase
,
Medline
APA
PsycInfo
Scopus
AMED
Web
of
Science
relevant
articles
(including
inclusion
formal
statistical
mediation
tests)
from
2003
February
2022.
Study
assessed
Downs
Black
Checklist
Measuring
Quality
Mediation
tools.
Results
screened
6439
title
abstracts,
101
full
texts
eligibility,
included
20
articles.
A
range
were
categorized
as
testing
psychological
or
behavioral
factors.
Perceived
stress
(
n
=
5),
emotion
regulation
negative
affect
3),
coping
strategies
3)
most
frequently
mediators.
In
general,
had
a
significant
indirect
effect
on
via
perceived
(in
absence
overlapping
affective
mediators).
Findings
mixed.
Conclusions
The
mediational
evidence
factors
remains
underdeveloped
focused
measures
regulation.
Future
studies
need
broaden
scope
include
other
self-regulatory
indicated
by
theory
(e.g.,
motivational
physiological
indices)
implement
designs
than
cross-sectional/correlational.
Protocol
Registration
PROSPERO
CRD42021241915.
Mindfulness,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(11), С. 2657 - 2669
Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2023
Abstract
Objectives
While
self-compassion
is
increasingly
being
researched,
a
clear
understanding
of
what
,
how
it
works
and
for
which
outcomes
remains
elusive.
This
article
summarizes
critically
evaluates
current
theoretical
empirical
trends
in
the
literature.
We
provide
directions
future
research
to
support
more
comprehensive
self-compassion.
Method
paper
systematically
issues
three
interrelated
areas:
(1)
over-reliance
on
particular
conceptualization
self-compassion,
(2)
narrow
focus
affective
mechanisms
as
per
general
resource
model
self-regulation,
(3)
prioritization
intrapersonal
over
inter-personal
outcomes.
Results
Our
analysis
suggests
that
understandings
impacts
are
limited
several
ways.
Firstly,
almost
exclusively
operationalized
using
Self
Compassion
Scale,
inadvertently
constraining
we
think
about
this
complex
construct.
Secondly,
heavy
emphasis
unmeasured
changes
“general
resources”
explanatory,
while
specific
pathways
beyond
affectivity
or
management
rarely
considered.
Lastly,
prioritized
interpersonal
social
outcomes,
restricts
our
broader
benefits
Conclusions
To
address
limitations,
suggest
embracing
assessing
multiple
conceptualizations
empirically
testing
wider
range
plausible
mediators,
investigating
including
those
both
spheres.
Ongoing
consideration
such
will
facilitate
enabling
us
adapt
efficient
interventions
benefit
group
individuals
society
at
large.
Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
27(2), С. 407 - 423
Опубликована: Март 12, 2024
Abstract
Self-compassion
is
assumed
to
have
a
protective
role
in
the
etiology
of
emotional
problems
adolescents.
This
assumption
primarily
based
on
correlational
data
revealing
negative
correlations
between
total
score
Self-Compassion
Scale
(SCS)
and
symptom
measures
anxiety
depression.
Recently,
however,
SCS
has
been
criticized
because
this
scale
not
only
consists
items
measuring
compassionate
self-responding
(i.e.,
self-kindness,
common
humanity,
mindfulness),
but
also
includes
‘reversed’
uncompassionate
self-criticism,
isolation,
overidentification),
which
would
undermine
validity
as
an
index
construct.
The
present
article
used
two
methods
demonstrate
that
(positive)
(negative)
differential
effects
youths.
In
first
part,
meta-analysis
16
relevant
studies
demonstrated
modest
effect
positive
self-compassion
anxiety/depression
large
(and
significantly
stronger)
vulnerability
such
symptoms.
second
network
analyses
were
conducted
three
previously
collected
sets
these
again
showed
more
closely
connected
young
people’s
symptoms
depression
than
self-compassion.
It
argued
observed
should
be
discarded
subversive
fallacy,
rather
offer
opportunity
for
studying
adolescents’
psychopathology
sophisticated
way,
taking
into
account
both
protection
vulnerability.
Journal of Personality,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 10, 2024
Abstract
Objective
Theories
about
within‐person
(WP)
variation
are
often
tested
using
between‐person
(BP)
research,
despite
the
well‐established
fact
that
results
may
not
generalize
across
levels
of
analysis.
One
possible
explanation
is
vague
theories
do
specify
which
level
analysis
interest.
We
illustrate
such
a
case
construct
self‐compassion.
The
factor
structure
at
BP
has
been
highly
debated,
although
theory
actually
concerned
with
relationships
WP
level.
Method
Multilevel
confirmatory
was
applied
to
experience‐sampling
data
self‐compassion
(
N
=
213,
n
4052
measurement
occasions).
Results
At
both
analysis,
evidence
for
two‐factor
model
found.
However,
factors
were
moderately
related
r
0.37,
p
<
0.001)
but
largely
independent
0.04,
0.696).
Exploratory
analyses
revealed
considerable
heterogeneity
in
relationship
among
individuals.
Conclusion
discuss
how
our
provide
new
impulses
move
debate
around
forward.
Lastly,
we
outline
level—which
major
interest
and
other
constructs
psychology—can
guide
conceptualization
assessment
promote
advancements
resulting
applications.
