Abstract
Viral
infections
in
humans
are
responsible
for
fatalities
worldwide
and
contribute
to
the
incidence
of
various
human
ailments.
Controllable
targeted
medicine
delivery
against
many
illnesses,
including
viral
infection,
may
be
significantly
aided
by
using
bacteria
bacteria-derived
products.
They
accumulate
diseased
tissues
despite
physical
obstacles,
where
they
can
launch
antiviral
immunity.
The
ability
genetically
chemically
modify
them
means
that
vaccinations
manufactured
delivered
affected
more
safely
effectively.
objective
this
study
is
provide
an
overview
latest
advancements
field
utilizing
bacterial
derivatives
as
carriers
administering
medication
treat
diseases
such
SARS-CoV-2,
hepatitis
B
virus,
C
immunodeficiency
papillomavirus,
influenza,
Ebola
virus.
Graphical
The
advent
of
immunotherapy
has
revolutionized
the
treating
modalities
cancer.
Cancer
vaccine,
aiming
to
harness
host
immune
system
induce
a
tumor-specific
killing
effect,
holds
great
promises
for
its
broad
patient
coverage,
high
safety,
and
combination
potentials.
Despite
promising,
clinical
translation
cancer
vaccines
faces
obstacles
including
lack
potency,
limited
options
tumor
antigens
adjuvants,
immunosuppressive
microenvironment.
Biomimetic
bioinspired
nanotechnology
provides
new
impetus
designing
concepts
vaccines.
Through
mimicking
stealth
coating,
pathogen
recognition
pattern,
tissue
tropism
pathogen,
other
irreplaceable
properties
from
nature,
biomimetic
could
gain
functions
such
as
longstanding,
targeting,
self-adjuvanting,
on-demand
cargo
release.
specific
behavior
endogenous
molecules
each
type
living
entity
(cell
or
microorganism)
offer
unique
features
address
needs
immunotherapy.
In
this
review,
strategies
inspired
by
eukaryotic
cells,
bacteria,
viruses
will
be
overviewed
advancing
vaccine
development.
Our
insights
into
future
development
shared
at
end
expediting
translation.
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
86(4)
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2022
This
review
focuses
on
nonlytic
outer
membrane
vesicles
(OMVs),
a
subtype
of
bacterial
extracellular
(BEVs)
produced
by
Gram-negative
organisms
focusing
the
mechanisms
their
biogenesis,
cargo,
and
function.
Throughout,
we
highlight
issues
concerning
characterization
OMVs
distinguishing
them
from
other
types
BEVs.
Chemical Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2024
This
review
explores
the
synthesis,
drug
loading,
and
surface
modifications
of
metal–organic
frameworks
(MOFs),
highlighting
their
role
in
improving
cancer
immunotherapy
paving
way
for
safer
more
effective
treatments.
Abstract
Osteoporosis
is
a
widely
observed
condition
characterized
by
the
systemic
deterioration
of
bone
mass
and
microarchitecture,
which
increases
patient
susceptibility
to
fragile
fractures.
The
intricate
mechanisms
governing
homeostasis
are
substantially
impacted
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
play
crucial
roles
in
both
pathological
physiological
contexts.
EVs
derived
from
various
sources
exert
distinct
effects
on
osteoporosis.
Specifically,
released
osteoblasts,
endothelial
cells,
myocytes,
mesenchymal
stem
cells
contribute
formation
due
their
unique
cargo
proteins,
miRNAs,
cytokines.
Conversely,
secreted
osteoclasts
immune
promote
resorption
inhibit
formation.
Furthermore,
use
as
therapeutic
modalities
or
biomaterials
for
diagnosing
managing
osteoporosis
promising.
Here,
we
review
current
understanding
impact
homeostasis,
including
classification
biogenesis
regulatory
present
an
overview
latest
research
progress
treating
using
EVs.
Finally,
discuss
challenges
prospects
translational
Abstract
Cancer
nanovaccines
represent
a
promising
frontier
in
cancer
immunotherapy,
utilizing
nanotechnology
to
augment
traditional
vaccine
efficacy.
This
review
comprehensively
examines
the
current
state‐of‐the‐art
nanovaccine
development,
elucidating
innovative
strategies
and
technologies
employed
their
design.
It
explores
both
preclinical
clinical
advancements,
emphasizing
key
studies
demonstrating
potential
elicit
robust
anti‐tumor
immune
responses.
The
study
encompasses
various
facets,
including
integrating
biomaterial‐based
nanocarriers
for
antigen
delivery,
adjuvant
selection,
impact
of
nanoscale
properties
on
performance.
Detailed
insights
into
complex
interplay
between
tumor
microenvironment
responses
are
provided,
highlighting
challenges
opportunities
optimizing
therapeutic
outcomes.
Additionally,
presents
thorough
analysis
ongoing
trials,
presenting
snapshot
landscape.
By
curating
latest
scientific
findings
developments,
this
aims
serve
as
comprehensive
resource
researchers
clinicians
engaged
advancing
immunotherapy.
Integrating
design
holds
immense
promise
revolutionizing
treatment
paradigms,
provides
timely
update
evolving
landscape
nanovaccines.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(32)
Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2024
Abstract
Nanomedicine
on
the
basis
of
aggregated‐induced
emission
(AIE)
luminogens
with
exceptional
potency
is
growing
into
a
sparkling
frontier
in
fluorescence
imaging
and
phototheranostics.
Of
particular
interest
biomimetic
AIE
nanomedicine
comprised
by
biocarrier,
which
represents
win–win
integration
are
recently
developed
at
tremendous
pace,
mainly
benefiting
from
intrinsic
advantages
including
enhanced
biocompatibility,
prolonged
circulation
time,
specific
targeting
ability,
immune
activation,
supremely
extraordinary
phototheranostic
outputs.
In
view
inexhaustible
vigorous
vitality
field,
this
review
provides
an
integrated
picture
involving
basic
concepts,
significant
breakthroughs,
recent
trends.
addition,
based
current
achievements,
some
critical
challenges
perspectives
also
discussed.
Theranostics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(2), С. 761 - 787
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Outer
membrane
vesicles
(OMVs)
are
nanoscale
lipid
bilayer
structures
released
by
gram-negative
bacteria.They
share
composition
and
properties
with
their
originating
cells,
making
them
adept
at
traversing
cellular
barriers.These
OMVs
have
demonstrated
exceptional
stability,
immunogenicity,
safety,
penetration,
tumor-targeting
properties,
which
been
leveraged
in
developing
vaccines
drug
delivery
systems.Recent
research
efforts
focused
on
engineering
to
increase
production
yield,
reduce
cytotoxicity,
improve
the
safety
efficacy
of
treatment.Notably,
gastrointestinal
(GI)
tumors
proven
resistant
several
traditional
oncological
treatment
strategies,
including
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
targeted
therapy.Although
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
some
patients,
usage
as
monotherapy
remains
limited
tumor
heterogeneity
individual
variability.The
immunogenic
modifiable
nature
makes
an
ideal
design
platform
for
individualized
GI
tumors.OMV-based
therapy
enables
combination
optimization
anti-tumor
effects.This
review
comprehensively
summarizes
recent
advances
OMV
discusses
challenges
clinical
translation
emerging
OMV-based
therapies.
Abstract
Personalized
cancer
vaccines
based
on
resected
tumors
from
patients
is
promising
to
address
tumor
heterogeneity
inhibit
recurrence
or
metastasis.
However,
it
remains
challenge
elicit
immune
activation
due
the
weak
immunogenicity
of
autologous
antigens.
Here,
a
hybrid
membrane
vaccine
successfully
constructed
by
fusion
enhance
adaptive
response
and
amplify
personalized
immunotherapy,
which
formed
codelivery
system
for
antigens
adjuvants.
Briefly,
functional
vesicles
(HM‐NPs)
are
hybridizing
ginseng‐derived
extracellular
vesicles‐like
particles
(G‐EVLPs)
with
originated
tumors.
The
introduction
G‐EVLPs
can
phagocytosis
dendritic
cells
(DCs)
facilitate
DCs
maturation
through
TLR4,
ultimately
activating
tumor‐specific
cytotoxic
T
lymphocytes
(CTLs).
HM‐NPs
indeed
strengthen
specific
responses
suppress
metastasis
including
subcutaneous
orthotopic
Furthermore,
long‐term
protection
be
obtained
after
vaccinating
HM‐NPs,
prolonging
survival
animals.
Overall,
this
provides
possibility
mitigating
surgery
while
maintaining
good
biocompatibility.
Microbial Cell Factories,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
24(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2025
Outer
membrane
vesicles
(OMVs),
shed
by
Gram-negative
bacteria,
are
spherical
nanostructures
that
play
a
pivotal
role
in
bacterial
communication
and
host-pathogen
interactions.
Comprising
an
outer
envelope
encapsulating
variety
of
bioactive
molecules
from
their
progenitor
OMVs
facilitate
material
informational
exchange.
This
review
delves
into
the
recent
advancements
OMV
research,
providing
comprehensive
overview
structure,
biogenesis,
mechanisms
vesicle
formation.
It
also
explores
pathogenicity
techniques
for
enrichment
isolation.
Furthermore,
highlights
burgeoning
applications
field
biomedicine,
emphasizing
potential
as
diagnostic
tools,
vaccine
candidates,
drug
delivery
vectors.
