International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
24(2), С. 913 - 913
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2023
Diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
is
characterized
by
morphologic
and
metabolic
alterations
in
endothelial
cells
(ECs)
pericytes
(PCs)
of
the
blood–retinal
barrier
(BRB).
The
loss
interendothelial
junctions,
increased
vascular
permeability,
microaneurysms,
finally,
EC
detachment
are
main
features
DR.
In
this
scenario,
a
pivotal
role
played
extensive
PCs.
Based
on
previous
results,
aim
study
was
to
assess
possible
beneficial
effects
exerted
adipose
mesenchymal
stem
(ASCs)
their
pericyte-like
differentiated
phenotype
(P-ASCs)
human
retinal
(HRECs)
high
glucose
conditions
(25
mM
glucose,
HG).
P-ASCs
were
more
able
preserve
BRB
integrity
than
ASCs
terms
(a)
transendothelial
electrical
resistance
(TEER);
(b)
expression
adherens
junction
tight
proteins
(VE-cadherin
ZO-1);
(c)
reduction
mRNA
levels
inflammatory
cytokines
TNF-α,
IL-1β,
MMP-9;
(d)
angiogenic
factor
VEGF
fibrotic
TGF-β1.
Moreover,
counteracted
HG-induced
activation
pro-inflammatory
phospho-ERK1/2/phospho-cPLA2/COX-2
pathway.
Finally,
crosstalk
between
HRECs
or
based
PDGF-B/PDGFR-β
axis
at
level
described
herein.
Thus,
might
be
considered
valuable
candidates
for
therapeutic
approaches
aimed
countering
disruption
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(7), С. 3587 - 3587
Опубликована: Март 25, 2022
There
is
a
close
relationship
between
diabetes
mellitus
and
heart
failure,
an
independent
risk
factor
for
failure.
Diabetes
failure
are
linked
by
not
only
the
complication
of
ischemic
disease,
but
also
metabolic
disorders
such
as
glucose
toxicity
lipotoxicity
based
on
insulin
resistance.
Cardiac
dysfunction
in
absence
coronary
artery
hypertension,
valvular
disease
called
diabetic
cardiomyopathy.
Diabetes-induced
hyperglycemia
hyperinsulinemia
lead
to
capillary
damage,
myocardial
fibrosis,
hypertrophy
with
mitochondrial
dysfunction.
Lipotoxicity
extensive
fat
deposits
or
lipid
droplets
observed
cardiomyocytes.
Furthermore,
increased
oxidative
stress
inflammation
cause
cardiac
fibrosis
hypertrophy.
Treatment
sodium
cotransporter
2
(SGLT2)
inhibitor
currently
one
most
effective
treatments
associated
diabetes.
However,
treatment
myocardium
has
yet
been
established,
establishment
needed
future.
This
review
provides
overview
patients
clinical
practice
clinicians.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2022
Diabetes
is
a
systemic
disease
in
which
patients
with
diabetes
may
develop
peripheral
neuropathy
of
the
lower
extremities
and
vascular
due
to
long-term
continuous
exposure
high
glucose.
Delayed
wound
healing
one
major
complications
diabetes.
Slow
diabetic
associated
glucose
toxicity.
When
condition
deteriorates,
patient
needs
be
amputated,
seriously
affects
quality
life
even
endangers
patient.
In
general,
delayed
lack
chemokines,
abnormal
inflammatory
response,
angiogenesis
epithelial
formation,
fibroblast
dysfunction.
The
incidence
several
chronic
debilitating
conditions
increasing
diabetes,
such
as
renal
insufficiency,
heart
failure,
hepatic
insufficiency.
Fibrosis
an
inappropriate
deposition
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
proteins.
It
common
causing
organ
fibrotic
mechanism
fibroblasts
involve
direct
activation
permanent
fibroblasts.
also
degeneration
fibers
after
hyperglycemia
stimulates
immune
cells,
or
organ-specific
parenchymal
cells.
Numerous
studies
confirm
that
play
essential
role
treating
its
complications.
primary
function
construct
reshape
ECM.
Nowadays,
widespread
use
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
(scRNA-seq),
number
have
found
become
critical
sentinel
can
detect
not
only
regulation
response
but
molecular
pattern
related
injury.
By
exploring
heterogeneity
functional
changes
manuscript
discusses
used
immunomodulatory
factors
refractory
healing,
providing
new
ideas
for
treatment
healing.
Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
43(9), С. 1599 - 1616
Опубликована: Июль 6, 2023
Because
of
structural
and
cellular
differences
(ie,
degrees
matrix
abundance
cross-linking,
mural
cell
density,
adventitia),
large
medium-sized
vessels,
in
comparison
to
capillaries,
react
a
unique
manner
stimuli
that
induce
vascular
disease.
A
stereotypical
injury
response
is
ECM
(extracellular
matrix)
remodeling
occurs
particularly
larger
vessels
injurious
stimuli,
such
as
elevated
angiotensin
II,
hyperlipidemia,
hyperglycemia,
genetic
deficiencies,
inflammatory
infiltration,
or
exposure
proinflammatory
mediators.
Even
with
substantial
prolonged
damage,
large-
arteries,
persist,
but
become
modified
by
(1)
changes
wall
cellularity;
(2)
modifications
the
differentiation
status
endothelial
cells,
smooth
muscle
adventitial
stem
cells
(each
can
activated);
(3)
infiltration
various
leukocyte
types;
(4)
increased
critical
growth
factors
mediators;
(5)
marked
ECM,
remodels
from
homeostatic,
prodifferentiation
environment
matrices
instead
promote
tissue
reparative
responses.
This
latter
presents
previously
hidden
matricryptic
sites
bind
integrins
signal
infiltrating
leukocytes
(in
coordination
other
mediators)
proliferate,
invade,
secrete
ECM-degrading
proteinases,
deposit
injury-induced
(predisposing
vessel
fibrosis).
In
contrast,
similar
capillaries
undergo
regression
responses
(rarefaction).
summary,
we
have
described
molecular
events
controlling
major
diseases
well
differential
arteries
versus
key
mediators
inducing
injury.
Cell Communication and Signaling,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
21(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2023
Abstract
Diabetic
vascular
complications
(DVCs),
including
macro-
and
micro-
angiopathy,
account
for
a
high
percentage
of
mortality
in
patients
with
diabetes
mellitus
(DM).
Endothelial
dysfunction
is
the
initial
role
step
pathogenesis
DVCs.
Hyperglycemia
lipid
metabolism
disorders
contribute
to
endothelial
via
direct
injury
products,
crosstalk
between
immunity
inflammation,
as
well
related
interaction
network.
Although
physiological
phenotypic
differences
support
their
specified
changes
different
targeted
organs,
there
are
still
several
common
mechanisms
underlying
Also,
inhibitors
these
may
decrease
incidence
DVCs
effectively.
Thus,
this
review
provide
new
insights
into
possible
measures
secondary
prevention
DM.
And
we
discussed
current
limitations
those
present
preventive
research.
Cardiac
fibrosis
plays
a
key
role
in
the
progression
of
diabetic
cardiomyopathy
(DCM).
Previous
studies
demonstrated
cardioprotective
effects
natriuretic
peptides.
However,
peptide
receptor
C
(NPRC)
on
cardiac
DCM
remains
unknown.
Here,
we
observed
that
myocardial
NPRC
expression
was
increased
mice
and
patients
with
DCM.
Stem Cell Research & Therapy,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2023
Abstract
Understanding
mechanisms
and
manifestations
of
cardiovascular
risk
factors,
including
diabetes,
on
vascular
cells
such
as
endothelial
cells,
pericytes,
smooth
muscle
remains
elusive
partly
due
to
the
lack
appropriate
disease
models.
Therefore,
here
we
explore
different
aspects
for
development
advanced
3D
in
vitro
models
that
recapitulate
human
blood
vessel
complications
using
patient-derived
induced
pluripotent
stem
which
retain
epigenetic,
transcriptomic,
metabolic
memory
their
patient-of-origin.
In
this
review,
highlight
superiority
organoids
over
conventional
2D
cell
culture
systems
research.
We
outline
key
benefits
both
health
contexts
discuss
current
challenges
associated
with
organoid
technology,
providing
potential
solutions.
Furthermore,
diverse
applications
emphasize
importance
incorporating
all
relevant
cellular
components
a
model
accurately
pathophysiology.
As
specific
example,
present
comprehensive
overview
diabetic
vasculopathy,
demonstrating
how
interplay
types
is
critical
successful
modelling
complex
processes
vitro.
Finally,
propose
strategy
creating
an
organ-specific
vasculopathy
model,
serving
valuable
template
other
diseases
by
disease-specific
stressors
organotypic
modifications.
Graphical
abstract
