Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 263, С. 109343 - 109343
Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2021
Язык: Английский
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 380(1917)
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025
Human-driven habitat loss is recognized as the greatest cause of biodiversity crisis, yet to date we lack robust, spatially explicit metrics quantifying impacts anthropogenic changes in extent on species’ extinctions. Existing either fail consider species identity or focus solely recent losses. The persistence score approach developed by Durán et al . (Durán al. 2020 Methods Ecol. Evol 11 , 910–921 (doi:10.1111/2041-210X.13427) represented an important development combining ecologies and land-cover data while considering cumulative non-linear impact past probability extinction. However, it computationally demanding, limiting its global use application. Here couple with high-performance computing generate maps what term LIFE (Land-cover change Impacts Future Extinctions) metric for 30 875 terrestrial vertebrates at 1 arc-min resolution (3.4 km 2 equator). These provide quantitative estimates, first time, marginal expected number extinctions (both increases decreases) caused converting remaining natural vegetation agriculture, restoring farmland habitat. We demonstrate statistically that this integrates information richness, endemism loss. Our resulting can be used scales from 0.5–1000 offer unprecedented opportunities estimate diverse actions affect land cover, individual dietary choices through protected area development. This article part discussion meeting issue ‘Bending curve towards nature recovery: building Georgina Mace's legacy a biodiverse future’.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Landscape and Urban Planning, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 202, С. 103871 - 103871
Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2020
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
62
Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 256, С. 109950 - 109950
Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2019
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
56
Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 252, С. 108861 - 108861
Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2020
Market-like mechanisms for biodiversity offsetting have emerged globally as supposedly cost-effective approaches mitigating the impacts of development. In reality, offset buyers commonly found that required credits are scarce and/or expensive. One response has been to seek improved market functionality, increasing eligible supply by allowing greater flexibility in trading rules. These include size geographical areas and expanding out-of-kind trades ('geographical' 'ecological' flexibility). We summarise arguments against flexibility, ultimately arguing undermines achievement No Net Loss (or Gain) where high-quality governance is lacking. argue often increases pool potentially offsets with limited conservation justification. This interferes vital information regarding scarcity impacted feature, thereby disincentivising impact avoidance. When a feature under threat development scarce, expensive an essential economics which communicate scarcity, not problem be regulated away. present examples ecological may justifying loss priorities. also discuss how might compromise additionality principle. highlight alternative enhancing without risks associated including reducing policy uncertainty improving engagement awareness increase landholder participation. Although there legitimate reasons some specific contexts, we considerable, undermine 'no net loss' outcomes.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
55
Conservation Letters, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 14(5)
Опубликована: Май 31, 2021
Abstract The new global biodiversity framework (GBF) being developed under the Convention on Biological Diversity must drive action to reverse ongoing decline of Earth's biodiversity. Explicit, measurable goals that specify outcomes we want achieve are needed set course for this action. However, current draft and targets fail out these clear outcomes. We argue distinct outcome species, ecosystems, genetic diversity essential should net required each. Net such as “no loss” do, however, have a controversial history, loose specification can lead perverse outline seven general principles underpin goal setting minimize risk Finally, recommend inclusion statements impact in support goals, illustrate importance with an example from GBF targets. These modifications would help reveal specific contribution each make achieving provide clarity whether successful achievement be adequate and, turn, 2050 vision: living harmony nature .
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
49
Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 316, С. 115231 - 115231
Опубликована: Май 9, 2022
We analyze the development of biodiversity offsetting governance through a research-weaving approach. Here, we combine information from systematized review literature and qualitative analysis institutional developments in different world regions. Through this triangulation, synthesize map developmental streams around globe over last four decades. find that there is global mainstreaming core principles such as avoidance, no-net-loss, mitigation hierarchy, well pooling trading offsets for unavoidable residual damages. Furthermore, can observe an ongoing diversification designs actors involved. Together constitutes emerging regime complex comes with both set shared norms growing complexity. While may imply innovation policy experimentation, it also raises questions regarding effectiveness practices.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
32
Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 277, С. 111425 - 111425
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2020
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
42
One Earth, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 4(1), С. 60 - 74
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
36
The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 895, С. 164958 - 164958
Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
16
Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 35(1), С. 197 - 205
Опубликована: Май 11, 2020
Abstract Biodiversity offsetting is the practice of using conservation actions, such as habitat restoration, management, or protection, to compensate for ecological losses caused by development activity, including construction projects. The typical goal no net loss (NNL), which means that all are compensated commensurate offset gains. We focused on a conceptual and methodological exploration positive impact (NPI), an ambitious implies commitment beyond NNL has recently received increasing attention from big business environmental nongovernmental organizations. identified 3 main ways NPI could be delivered: use additional multiplier; slowly developing permanent offsets deliver gains after first been reached during shorter evaluation time interval; combination with partially temporary losses. An important novel variant last mechanism alternate mitigation hierarchy so traditional third step (i.e., onsite rehabilitation) longer counted toward reduced requirements. outcome these factors same damage, larger will required than previously, thereby improving success. As corollary, we show only at 1 ephemeral point in time, before they negative become either impact, depending whether combined if To achieve NPI, must made permanent, agreed‐upon period. NPI‐multiplier modified Achieving fully conditional prior achievement NNL, have frequently observed fail due inadequate policy requirements, poor planning, incomplete implementation. Nevertheless, achieving becomes straightforward can credibly first.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
34