Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
6(1)
Опубликована: Март 27, 2021
To
discover
new
drugs
to
combat
COVID-19,
an
understanding
of
the
molecular
basis
SARS-CoV-2
infection
is
urgently
needed.
Here,
for
first
time,
we
report
crucial
role
cathepsin
L
(CTSL)
in
patients
with
COVID-19.
The
circulating
level
CTSL
was
elevated
after
and
positively
correlated
disease
course
severity.
Correspondingly,
pseudovirus
increased
expression
human
cells
vitro
ACE2
transgenic
mice
vivo,
while
overexpression,
turn,
enhanced
cells.
functionally
cleaved
spike
protein
virus
entry,
as
evidenced
by
overexpression
knockdown
application
inhibitor
vivo.
Furthermore,
amantadine,
a
licensed
anti-influenza
drug,
significantly
inhibited
activity
prevented
both
Therefore,
promising
target
anti-COVID-19
drug
development.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(3), С. 1716 - 1716
Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2022
The
review
aims
to
consolidate
research
findings
on
the
molecular
mechanisms
and
virulence
pathogenicity
characteristics
of
coronavirus
disease
(COVID-19)
causative
agent,
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
2
(SARS-CoV-2),
their
relevance
four
typical
stages
in
development
viral
infection.
These
are
invasion;
primary
blockade
antiviral
innate
immunity;
engagement
virus’s
protection
against
factors
adaptive
acute,
long-term
complications
COVID-19.
invasion
stage
entails
recognition
spike
protein
(S)
SARS-CoV-2
target
cell
receptors,
namely,
main
receptor
(angiotensin-converting
enzyme
2,
ACE2),
its
coreceptors,
potential
alternative
receptors.
presence
a
diverse
repertoire
receptors
allows
infect
various
types
cells,
including
those
not
expressing
ACE2.
During
second
stage,
majority
polyfunctional
structural,
non-structural,
extra
proteins
synthesizes
infected
cells
involved
blockage
immunity.
A
high
degree
redundancy
systemic
action
characterizing
these
pathogenic
overcome
at
initial
invasion.
third
includes
passive
active
virus
from
immunity,
overcoming
barrier
function
focus
inflammation,
generalization
body.
fourth
is
associated
with
deployment
variants
SARS-CoV-2’s
ability
induce
autoimmune
autoinflammatory
pathways
tissue
both
immunosuppressive
hyperergic
inflammation
critical
this
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Май 13, 2021
Plants
have
been
extensively
studied
since
ancient
times
and
numerous
important
chemical
constituents
with
tremendous
therapeutic
potential
are
identified.
Attacks
of
microorganisms
including
viruses
bacteria
can
be
counteracted
an
efficient
immune
system
therefore,
stimulation
body's
defense
mechanism
against
infections
has
proven
to
effective
approach.
Polysaccharides,
terpenoids,
flavonoids,
alkaloids,
glycosides,
lactones
the
phytochemicals,
reported
primarily
responsible
for
immunomodulation
activity
plants.
These
phytochemicals
may
act
as
lead
molecules
development
safe
immunomodulators
remedies
prevention
cure
viral
diseases.
Natural
products
known
modulate
in
nonspecific
ways.
A
number
plant-based
principles
identified
isolated
which
justify
their
use
traditional
folklore
medicine
form
basis
further
specified
research.
The
aim
current
review
is
describe
highlight
certain
plants
along
bioactive
constituents.
Relevant
literatures
recent
years
were
searched
from
commonly
employed
scientific
databases
on
ethnopharmacological
use.
Most
displaying
considerable
summarized
possible
mechanisms.
discussions
shall
hopefully
elicit
attention
researchers
encourage
studies
these
therapy
management
infectious
diseases,
ones
such
COVID-19.
Reviews in Medical Virology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
32(2)
Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2021
Summary
Newly
arising
variants
of
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS‐CoV‐2)
are
now
a
threat
to
global
public
health
and
creating
COVID‐19
surges
in
different
countries.
At
the
same
time,
there
is
limited
knowledge
about
these
emerging
variants.
Even
if
research
data
available,
it
varyingly
scattered.
In
this
review,
we
have
discussed
appearance
significant
alarming
SARS‐CoV‐2
entire
world.
The
study
also
discusses
properties
substantial
variant
concern
(VOC)
such
as
B.1.1.7
(Alpha),
B.1.351
(Beta),
P.1
(Gamma),
B.1.427
(Epsilon)
B.1.429
(Epsilon).
characteristic
some
interest
(VOI)
like
B.1.525
(Eta),
B.1.526
(Iota)
(sublineage
B.1.526.1),
B.1.617
(sublineages
B.1.617.1
(Kappa),
B.1.617.2
(Delta)
B.1.617.3),
P.2
(Zeta),
P.3
(Theta),
B.1.616
been
discussed.
Here,
explained
essential
mutations
for
VOC
VOI
K417T/N,
L452R,
E484K,
N501Y,
D614G
P681R.
Consecutively,
highlighted
crucial
clinical
characteristics
variants,
transmissibility,
infectivity,
re‐infectivity,
immune
escape,
vaccine
activity
escape.
Our
comprehensive
review
will
provide
updated
information
on
newly
appearing
help
researchers
formulate
strategies
curtail
pandemic.
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
18(5)
Опубликована: Март 8, 2022
Multiple
vaccines
have
recently
been
developed,
and
almost
all
the
countries
are
presently
vaccinating
their
population
to
tackle
COVID-19
pandemic.
Most
of
in
use
administered
via
intramuscular
(IM)
injection,
eliciting
protective
humor
cellular
immunity.
intranasal
(IN)
also
being
developed
that
shown
promising
ability
induce
a
significant
amount
antibody-mediated
immune
response
robust
cell-mediated
immunity
as
well
hold
added
stimulate
mucosal
along
with
additional
advantage
ease
administration
compared
IM
injected
vaccines.
By
inducing
secretory
IgA
antibody
responses
specifically
nasal
compartment,
SARS-CoV-2
vaccine
can
prevent
virus
infection,
replication,
shedding,
disease
development,
possibly
limits
transmission.
This
article
highlights
current
progress,
advantages,
prospects,
challenges
developing
for
countering
ongoing
Cell Communication and Signaling,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
21(1)
Опубликована: Май 15, 2023
Coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
is
caused
by
a
new
member
of
the
Coronaviridae
family
known
as
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2).
There
are
structural
and
non-structural
proteins
(NSPs)
in
genome
this
virus.
S,
M,
H,
E
proteins,
NSPs
include
accessory
replicase
proteins.
The
NSP
components
SARS-CoV-2
play
an
important
role
its
infectivity,
some
them
may
be
pathogenesis
chronic
diseases,
including
cancer,
coagulation
disorders,
neurodegenerative
cardiovascular
diseases.
interact
with
targets
such
angiotensin-converting
enzyme
(ACE2)
receptor.
In
addition,
can
stimulate
pathological
intracellular
signaling
pathways
triggering
transcription
factor
hypoxia-inducible
factor-1
(HIF-1),
neuropilin-1
(NRP-1),
CD147,
Eph
receptors,
which
roles
progression
diseases
like
Alzheimer's
disease,
epilepsy,
multiple
sclerosis,
cancers
glioblastoma,
lung
malignancies,
leukemias.
Several
compounds
polyphenols,
doxazosin,
baricitinib,
ruxolitinib
could
inhibit
these
interactions.
It
has
been
demonstrated
that
spike
protein
stronger
affinity
for
human
ACE2
than
SARS-CoV,
leading
current
study
to
hypothesize
newly
produced
variant
Omicron
receptor-binding
domain
(RBD)
binds
more
strongly
primary
strain.
SARS
Middle
East
(MERS)
viruses
against
have
become
resistant
previous
vaccines.
Therefore,
review
recent
studies
performance
vaccines
their
effects
on
COVID-19
related
vital
need
deal
conditions.
This
examines
potential
initiation
it
anticipated
serve
effective
vaccine
or
treatment
Video
Abstract.
Journal of Medical Virology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
94(4), С. 1330 - 1335
Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2021
Abstract
The
efficacy
of
the
vaccines
varies
between
individuals
and
populations.
immunogenicity
vaccine
is
influenced
by
various
factors,
including
host
factors.
Previous
studies
have
shown
that
factors
affect
effectiveness
vaccines,
which
may
be
true
about
COVID‐19
vaccines.
In
this
review,
we
evaluate
possible
association
with
a
special
focus
on
