Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2022
Next
to
Alzheimer's
disease,
Parkinson's
disease
constitutes
the
second
most
widespread
neurological
disorder,
primarily
affecting
older
population.
Its
symptoms
are
noticeable
with
advancing
age
including
tremors,
postural
imbalance,
and
slow
movements,
over
time,
these
get
aggravated,
progressing
osteoporosis,
osteopenia,
risk
of
fractures.
These
correlate
low
bone
density
hence
weakened
bones;
thus,
vitamin
D
proves
be
an
intricate
component
pathogenesis
disease.
Moreover,
lower
serum
concentrations
have
been
found
in
diseased
subjects.
Supplementation
can
retard
aggravation
non-motor
as
well
motor
that
include
cognitive
improvement
along
decline
Also,
is
extremely
crucial
for
brain
functioning,
targeting
dopaminergic
neurons,
almost
entire
functioning
affected.
However,
further
exploration
required
determine
toxic
dose
This
"sunshine
vitamin"
surely
a
ray
sunshine
neurologically
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(2), С. 993 - 993
Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024
Regenerative
medicine
harnesses
the
body's
innate
capacity
for
self-repair
to
restore
malfunctioning
tissues
and
organs.
Stem
cell
therapies
represent
a
key
regenerative
strategy,
but
effectively
harness
their
potential
necessitates
nuanced
understanding
of
stem
niche.
This
specialized
microenvironment
regulates
critical
behaviors
including
quiescence,
activation,
differentiation,
homing.
Emerging
research
reveals
that
dysfunction
within
endogenous
neural
niches
contributes
neurodegenerative
pathologies
impedes
regeneration.
Strategies
such
as
modifying
signaling
pathways,
or
epigenetic
interventions
niche
homeostasis
signaling,
hold
promise
revitalizing
neurogenesis
repair
in
diseases
like
Alzheimer's
Parkinson's.
Comparative
studies
highly
species
provide
evolutionary
clues
into
niche-mediated
renewal
mechanisms.
Leveraging
bioelectric
cues
crosstalk
between
gut,
brain,
vascular
further
illuminates
promising
therapeutic
opportunities.
techniques
single-cell
transcriptomics,
organoids,
microfluidics,
artificial
intelligence,
silico
modeling,
transdifferentiation
will
continue
unravel
complexity.
By
providing
comprehensive
synthesis
integrating
diverse
views
on
components,
developmental
transitions,
dynamics,
this
review
unveils
new
layers
complexity
integral
behavior
function,
which
unveil
novel
prospects
modulate
function
revolutionary
treatments
diseases.
Human Brain Mapping,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
45(3)
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
It
has
recently
been
suggested
that
predictive
processing
principles
may
apply
to
interoception,
defined
as
the
of
hormonal,
autonomic,
visceral,
and
immunological
signals.
In
current
study,
we
aimed
at
providing
empirical
evidence
for
role
cardiac
interoceptive
prediction
errors
signals
on
allostatic
adjustments,
using
transcutaneous
auricular
vagus
nerve
stimulation
(taVNS)
a
tool
modulate
afferents.
within-subject
design,
participants
performed
cardiac-related
task
(heartbeat
counting
task)
under
taVNS
sham
stimulation,
spaced
1-week
apart.
We
observed
taVNS,
in
contrast
facilitated
maintenance
accuracy
levels
over
time
(from
initial,
stimulation-free,
baseline
block
subsequent
blocks),
suggesting
have
helped
maintain
engagement
afferent
During
task,
compared
sham,
produced
higher
heart-evoked
potentials
(HEP)
amplitudes,
potential
readout
measure
error
processing.
Further
analyses
revealed
positive
relation
between
adjustments-as
measured
by
heart
rate
variability
(HRV)-was
mediated
HEP
amplitudes.
Providing
initial
support
accounts
our
results
suggest
increase
precision
with
which
are
processed,
favoring
their
influence
adjustments.
Comprehensive Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
132, С. 152488 - 152488
Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2024
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
is
often
marked
by
impaired
motivation
and
reward
processing,
known
as
anhedonia.
Many
patients
do
not
respond
to
first-line
treatments,
improvements
in
can
be
slow,
creating
an
urgent
need
for
rapid
interventions.
Recently,
we
demonstrated
that
transcutaneous
auricular
vagus
nerve
stimulation
(taVNS)
acutely
boosts
effort
invigoration
healthy
participants,
but
its
effects
on
depression
remain
unclear.
ABSTRACT
Transcutaneous
auricular
vagus
nerve
stimulation
(taVNS)
has
been
shown
to
influence
cognitive
and
emotional
function
enhance
interoceptive
awareness.
This
study
investigates
if
taVNS
effects
extend
the
experience
of
body
ownership,
as
measured
via
susceptibility
rubber
hand
illusion
(RHI)
in
a
virtual
reality
setting.
The
experiment
involved
27
participants
who
underwent
real
sham
two
separate
sessions
while
experiencing
synchronous
or
asynchronous
visuo‐cardiac
visuo‐tactile
feedback
on
arm
place
their
own.
Results
indicated
that
active
compared
decreased
sensitivity
both
cardiac
tactile
trials.
Specifically,
greater
proprioceptive
drift
difference
(PDD)
toward
was
observed
for
trials
only
during
(
t
(26)
=
−4.58,
p
bonf
<
0.001)
but
not
1.00)
stimulation.
A
similar
pattern
also
subjective
where
led
ownership
than
−3.52,
0.010)
These
findings
suggest
might
making
individuals
more
attuned
bodily
signals
less
susceptible
illusions.
Additionally,
physiological
measures
such
heart
rate
(HR),
variability
(HRV),
skin
sympathetic
nervous
activity
(SKNA)
were
assessed
explore
autonomic
taVNS.
We
decrease
HR
4.30,
0.001),
an
increase
SKNA
−4.40,
−4.85,
0.002).
contribute
understanding
nerve's
role
integrating
visceral
somatosensory
signals,
with
implications
clinical
applications
conditions
characterized
by
altered
interoception
ownership.
Diabetologia,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
67(6), С. 1122 - 1137
Опубликована: Март 28, 2024
Diabetic
gastroenteropathy
frequently
causes
debilitating
gastrointestinal
symptoms.
Previous
uncontrolled
studies
have
shown
that
transcutaneous
vagal
nerve
stimulation
(tVNS)
may
improve
To
investigate
the
effect
of
cervical
tVNS
in
individuals
with
diabetes
suffering
from
autonomic
neuropathy
and
symptoms,
we
conducted
a
randomised,
sham-controlled,
double-blind
(participants
investigators
were
blinded
to
allocated
treatment)
study.
ABSTRACT
Recently,
we
found
that
continuous
transcutaneous
auricular
vagus
nerve
stimulation
(taVNS)
facilitates
the
encoding
and
later
recollection
of
emotionally
relevant
information,
as
indicated
by
differences
in
late
positive
potential
(LPP),
memory
performance,
ERP
Old/New
effect.
Here,
aimed
to
conceptually
replicate
extend
these
findings
investigating
effects
different
time‐dependent
taVNS
protocols.
In
Study
1,
an
identical
paradigm
our
previous
study
was
employed
with
interval
(30‐s
on/off).
Participants
viewed
unpleasant
neutral
scenes
on
two
consecutive
days
while
receiving
or
sham
completed
a
recognition
test
1
week
later.
Replicating
results,
images
encoded
under
taVNS,
compared
stimulation,
elicited
larger
amplitudes
earlier
window
LPP
during
encoding,
well
more
pronounced
differences.
However,
no
performance
were
found.
2,
followed
up
synchronizing
cycle
image
presentation
determine
for
off
cycles.
We
could
enhancing
brain
potentials
(early
differences)
improved
recollection‐based
both
images,
independently
cycle.
Overall,
results
suggest
increases
electrophysiological
correlates
emotional
retrieval
time‐independent
manner,
substantiating
nerve's
role
processing
formation,
opening
new
venues
improving
mnemonic
processes
clinical
non‐clinical
populations.
