Gut,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
71(10), С. 2107 - 2122
Опубликована: Июль 12, 2022
Cancer
is
generally
regarded
as
a
localised
disease,
with
the
well-established
role
of
tumour
microenvironment.
However,
realm
cancer
goes
beyond
microenvironment,
and
should
also
be
systemic
environmental
disease.
The
exposome
(
ie,
totality
exposures),
which
encompasses
diets,
supplements,
smoking,
alcohol,
other
lifestyle
factors,
medications,
etc
,
likely
alters
microbiome
(inclusive
bacteria,
viruses,
archaea,
fungi,
parasites,
)
immune
system
in
various
body
sites
influences
phenotypes.
metabolic/inflammatory
status,
influenced
by
exposures
intestinal
physiological
changes,
may
affect
tissue
microenvironment
colorectum
any
organs.
Germline
genomic
factors
can
modify
disease
phenotypes
via
gene-by-environment
interactions.
Although
challenges
exist,
it
crucial
to
advance
not
only
basic
experimental
research
that
analyse
effects
exposures,
microorganisms
microenvironmental
components
on
evolution
but
interdisciplinary
human
population
dissect
complex
pathogenic
roles
exposome,
immunome.
Metagenomic,
metatranscriptomic
metabolomic
analyses
integrated
into
well-designed
combined
advanced
methodologies
artificial
intelligence
molecular
pathological
epidemiology.
Ideally,
prospective
cohort
study
design
enables
biospecimen
(such
stool)
collection
before
detection
considered
address
reverse
causation
recall
biases.
Robust
observational
together
provide
insights
dynamic
interactions
between
microbiota,
immunity
during
carcinogenesis
processes,
thereby
helping
us
develop
precision
prevention
therapeutic
strategies
ultimately
reduce
burden.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
33(29)
Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2023
Abstract
Growing
concern
about
photothermal
tumor
therapy
(PTT)
as
a
promising
alternative
to
conventional
liver
cancer
treatment,
which
is
treatment
strategy
that
utilizes
near‐infrared
(NIR)
light‐induced
agents
(PTAs)
yield
effects
localize
thermal
damage
for
tumors.
Herein,
given
the
gap
between
experimental
research
and
clinical
application,
this
review
seeks
timely
summarize
highlight
recent
progress
of
PTAs
used
in
vivo
vitro
last
five‐year.
The
implications
various
on
multifunctional
conversion
capability,
structure‐performance
correlations
PTT,
together
with
evaluation
their
potential
application
are
systematically
dissected
further
dig
out
what
buried
mechanism
is.
Besides,
higher
requirements
put
forward
discrepancies
crucial
issues
faced
by
different
PTT
related
medical
technical
obstacles
being
conquered,
lays
solid
theoretical
foundation
field
oncology
whole,
especially
cancer.
Finally,
it
expected
can
present
valuable
guidance
design
efficient,
photostability,
biosafety‐aware
anticancer
while
stepping
into
fast
traffic
lane
from
bench
bedside
foreseeable
future.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2024
Abstract
Tumorigenesis
is
a
multistep
process,
with
oncogenic
mutations
in
normal
cell
conferring
clonal
advantage
as
the
initial
event.
However,
despite
pervasive
somatic
and
expansion
tissues,
their
transformation
into
cancer
remains
rare
event,
indicating
presence
of
additional
driver
events
for
progression
to
an
irreversible,
highly
heterogeneous,
invasive
lesion.
Recently,
researchers
are
emphasizing
mechanisms
environmental
tumor
risk
factors
epigenetic
alterations
that
profoundly
influencing
early
malignant
evolution,
independently
inducing
mutations.
Additionally,
evolution
tumorigenesis
reflects
multifaceted
interplay
between
cell-intrinsic
identities
various
cell-extrinsic
exert
selective
pressures
either
restrain
uncontrolled
proliferation
or
allow
specific
clones
progress
tumors.
by
which
induce
both
intrinsic
cellular
competency
remodel
stress
facilitate
not
fully
understood.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
genetic,
epigenetic,
external
events,
effects
on
co-evolution
transformed
cells
ecosystem
during
initiation
evolution.
A
deeper
understanding
earliest
molecular
holds
promise
translational
applications,
predicting
individuals
at
high-risk
developing
strategies
intercept
transformation.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2024
Immunotherapy
has
made
significant
strides
in
cancer
treatment,
particularly
through
immune
checkpoint
blockade
(ICB),
which
shown
notable
clinical
benefits
across
various
tumor
types.
Despite
the
transformative
impact
of
ICB
treatment
therapy,
only
a
minority
patients
exhibit
positive
response
to
it.
In
with
solid
tumors,
those
who
respond
well
typically
demonstrate
an
active
profile
referred
as
"hot"
(immune-inflamed)
phenotype.
On
other
hand,
non-responsive
may
distinct
"cold"
(immune-desert)
phenotype,
differing
from
features
tumors.
Additionally,
there
is
more
nuanced
"excluded"
positioned
between
and
categories,
known
type.
Effective
differentiation
understanding
intrinsic
factors,
characteristics,
TME,
external
factors
are
critical
for
predicting
results.
It
widely
accepted
that
therapy
exerts
profound
effect
on
limited
efficacy
against
or
"altered"
necessitating
combinations
therapeutic
modalities
enhance
cell
infiltration
into
tissue
convert
tumors
ones.
Therefore,
aligning
traits
this
review
systematically
delineates
respective
influencing
extensively
discusses
varied
approaches
drug
targets
based
assess
efficacy.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
17(1)
Опубликована: Май 14, 2024
The
gut
microbiota
plays
a
critical
role
in
the
progression
of
human
diseases,
especially
cancer.
In
recent
decades,
there
has
been
accumulating
evidence
connections
between
and
cancer
immunotherapy.
Therefore,
understanding
functional
regulating
immune
responses
to
immunotherapy
is
crucial
for
developing
precision
medicine.
this
review,
we
extract
insights
from
state-of-the-art
research
decipher
complicated
crosstalk
among
microbiota,
systemic
system,
context
Additionally,
as
can
account
immune-related
adverse
events,
discuss
potential
interventions
minimize
these
effects
clinical
application
five
microbiota-targeted
strategies
that
precisely
increase
efficacy
Finally,
holds
promising
target
immunotherapeutics,
summarize
current
challenges
provide
general
outlook
on
future
directions
field.
Nature,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
632(8026), С. 877 - 884
Опубликована: Июль 10, 2024
Abstract
Microbiome
research
is
now
demonstrating
a
growing
number
of
bacterial
strains
and
genes
that
affect
our
health
1
.
Although
CRISPR-derived
tools
have
shown
great
success
in
editing
disease-driving
human
cells
2
,
we
currently
lack
the
to
achieve
comparable
for
targets
situ.
Here
engineer
phage-derived
particle
deliver
base
editor
modify
Escherichia
coli
colonizing
mouse
gut.
Editing
β-lactamase
gene
model
E.
strain
resulted
median
efficiency
93%
target
population
with
single
dose.
Edited
bacteria
were
stably
maintained
gut
at
least
42
days
following
treatment.
This
was
achieved
using
non-replicative
DNA
vector,
preventing
maintenance
dissemination
payload.
We
then
leveraged
this
approach
edit
several
therapeutic
relevance
Klebsiella
pneumoniae
vitro
demonstrate
situ
involved
production
curli
pathogenic
strain.
Our
work
demonstrates
feasibility
modifying
directly
gut,
offering
new
avenue
investigate
function
opening
door
design
microbiome-targeted
therapies.
