Light sensing and responses in fungi

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 17(1), С. 25 - 36

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2018

Язык: Английский

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The circadian clock ofNeurospora crassa

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 36(1), С. 95 - 110

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2011

Circadian clocks organize our inner physiology with respect to the external world, providing life ability anticipate and thereby better prepare for major fluctuations in its environment. systems are widely represented nearly all branches of life, except archaebacteria, within eukaryotes, filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa has served half a century as durable model organism uncovering basic circadian molecular biology. Studies using have clarified fundamental understanding clock nested positive negative feedback loops regulated through transcriptional post-transcriptional processes. These centered on limited number proteins that form complexes, their regulation provides physical explanation properties. This review will introduce basics rhythms, N. crassa, provide an overview components clock.

Язык: Английский

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Structural basis of photosensitivity in a bacterial light-oxygen-voltage/helix-turn-helix (LOV-HTH) DNA-binding protein

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 108(23), С. 9449 - 9454

Опубликована: Май 23, 2011

Light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) domains are blue light-activated signaling modules integral to a wide range of photosensory proteins. Upon illumination, LOV form internal protein-flavin adducts that generate conformational changes which control effector function. Here we advance our understanding regulation with structural, biophysical, and biochemical studies EL222, light-regulated DNA-binding protein. The dark-state crystal structure reveals interactions between the EL222 helix-turn-helix show inhibit DNA binding. Solution biophysical data indicate illumination breaks these interactions, freeing each other. This change has key functional effect, allowing bind in light-dependent manner. Our reveal conserved mechanism among diverse LOV-containing proteins, where light-induced trigger activation via interaction surface.

Язык: Английский

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Making Time: Conservation of Biological Clocks from Fungi to Animals

Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 5(3)

Опубликована: Май 19, 2017

ABSTRACT The capacity for biological timekeeping arose at least three times through evolution, in prokaryotic cyanobacteria, cells that evolved into higher plants, and within the group of organisms eventually became fungi animals. Neurospora is a tractable model system understanding molecular bases circadian rhythms last these groups, perhaps most intensively studied cell type. Rhythmic processes described include growth rate, stress responses, developmental capacity, sporulation, as well much metabolism; use clocks to anticipate daily environmental changes. A negative feedback loop comprises core In , best fungal model, it driven by two transcription factors, WC-1 WC-2, form White Collar Complex (WCC). WCC elicits expression frq gene. FRQ complexes with other proteins, physically interacts WCC, reduces its activity; kinetics strongly influenced progressive phosphorylation FRQ. When becomes sufficiently phosphorylated loses ability influence activity, cycle starts again. Environmental cycles light temperature thereby reset internal clocks. basis output also becoming understood. Taken together, explanations are emerging all canonical properties, providing regulatory framework may be extended many members animal kingdoms, including humans.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the Effects of Light on Differentiation and Virulence of the Plant Pathogen Botrytis cinerea: Characterization of the White Collar Complex

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 8(12), С. e84223 - e84223

Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2013

Organisms are exposed to a tough environment, where acute daily challenges, like light, can strongly affect several aspects of an individual's physiology, including pathogenesis. While fungal models have been widely employed understand the physiological and molecular events associated with light perception, various other agricultural-relevant fungi still remain, in terms their responsiveness dark. The fungus Botrytis cinerea is aggressive pathogen able cause disease on wide range plant species. Natural B. isolates exhibit high degree diversity predominant mode reproduction. Thus, majority naturally occurring strains known reproduce asexually via conidia sclerotia, sexually apothecia. Studies from 1970′s reported specific developmental responses treatments near-UV, blue, red far-red light. To unravel signaling machinery triggering development – possibly also connected virulence we initiated functional characterization transcription factor/photoreceptor BcWCL1 its partner BcWCL2, that form White Collar Complex (WCC) cinerea. Using mutants either abolished or exhibiting enhanced WCC (overexpression both bcwcl1 bcwcl2), demonstrate integral part mentioned by mediating transcriptional white inhibition conidiation response this stimulus. Furthermore, required for coping excessive oxidative stress achieve full virulence. Although absence bcwcl1, expression some genes induced distinct pattern oscillations enhanced, revealing complex underlying photobiology. Though overlaps well-studied systems exist, light-associated appears more than those Neurospora crassa Aspergillus nidulans.

Язык: Английский

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Functional and topological diversity of LOV domain photoreceptors

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 113(11)

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2016

Light-oxygen-voltage sensitive (LOV) flavoproteins are ubiquitous photoreceptors that mediate responses to environmental cues. Photosensory inputs transduced into signaling outputs via structural rearrangements in sensor domains consequently modulate the activity of an effector domain or multidomain clusters. Establishing diversity function and sensor-effector topology will inform what mechanisms govern light-responsive behaviors across multiple kingdoms life how these signals transduced. Here, we report bioinformatics identification over 6,700 candidate LOV (including 4,000 previously unidentified sequences from plants protists), insights their annotations for ontological arrangements. Motif analysis identified sensors ∼42 million ORFs, with strong statistical separation other non-LOV members structurally related Per-aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT)-Sim family. Conserved-domain determined putative light-regulated topologies. We found certain effectors, linker length is discretized based on both phylogeny preservation α-helical heptad repeats within extended coiled-coil structure. This finding suggests preserving orientation a key determinant length, addition ancestry, structure-function. surprisingly high prevalence effectors functions thought be rare among proteins, such as regulators G protein signaling, discovered several lipases. work highlights value applying genomic transcriptomic technologies diverse organisms capture functional variation photosensory proteins vastly important adaptation, photobiology, optogenetics.

Язык: Английский

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Old Chromophores, New Photoactivation Paradigms, Trendy Applications: Flavins in Blue Light‐Sensing Photoreceptors^†

Photochemistry and Photobiology, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 87(3), С. 491 - 510

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2011

The knowledge on the mechanisms by which blue light (BL) is sensed diverse and numerous organisms, of physiological responses elicited BL photoreceptors, has grown remarkably during last two decades. basis for this "blue revival" was set identification molecular characterization long sought plant sensors, employing flavins as chromophores, chiefly cryptochromes phototropins. latter photosensors are foundation members so-called light, oxygen, voltage (LOV)-protein family, largely spread among archaea, bacteria, fungi plants. accumulation sequenced microbial genomes years added BLUF (Blue Light sensing Using FAD) family to photoreceptors yielded opportunity intense "genome mining," presented us intriguing wealth in prokaryotes. In contribution we provide an update flavin-based sensors LOV type, from prokaryotic microorganisms, with special emphasis their light-activation pathways signal-transduction mechanisms. Rather than being a fully comprehensive review, research collects most recent discoveries aims unveil compare signaling sensors.

Язык: Английский

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Regulation of Conidiation by Light in Aspergillus nidulans

Genetics, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 188(4), С. 809 - 822

Опубликована: Май 31, 2011

Light regulates several aspects of the biology many organisms, including balance between asexual and sexual development in some fungi. To understand how light fungal at molecular level we have used Aspergillus nidulans as a model. We performed genome-wide expression analysis that has allowed us to identify >400 genes upregulated >100 downregulated by developmentally competent mycelium. Among were required for regulation development, one major biological responses A. nidulans, which is pathway controlled master regulatory gene brlA. The brlA, like conidiation, induced light. A detailed brlA revealed increased after short exposures with maximum 60 min followed photoadaptation longer exposures. In addition flbA-C fluG are also regulated, correct light-dependent upstream regulator fluG. found induction photoreceptor complex composed phytochrome FphA, white-collar homologs LreA LreB, fluffy flbA-C. propose activation key event nidulans.

Язык: Английский

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Fungal photobiology: visible light as a signal for stress, space and time

Current Genetics, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 61(3), С. 275 - 288

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2014

Язык: Английский

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Structure of a Light-Activated LOV Protein Dimer That Regulates Transcription

Science Signaling, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 4(184)

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2011

Light-induced conformational changes in a blue-light sensor facilitate its dimerization.

Язык: Английский

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