npj Biofilms and Microbiomes,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2023
Abstract
Recent
evidence
suggests
that
some
human
cancers
may
harbor
low-biomass
microbial
ecosystems,
spanning
bacteria,
viruses,
and
fungi.
Bacteria,
the
most-studied
kingdom
in
this
context,
are
suggested
by
these
studies
to
localize
within
cancer
cells,
immune
cells
other
tumor
microenvironment
cell
types,
where
they
postulated
impact
multiple
cancer-related
functions.
Herein,
we
provide
an
overview
of
intratumoral
while
focusing
on
intracellular
their
molecular
activities,
communication
networks,
host
invasion
evasion
strategies,
long-term
colonization
capacity.
We
highlight
how
integration
sequencing-based
spatial
techniques
enable
recognition
bacterial
niches.
discuss
pitfalls,
debates
challenges
decisively
proving
existence
function
microbes,
reaching
a
mechanistic
elucidation
impacts
behavior
treatment
responses.
Together,
causative
understanding
possible
roles
played
bacteria
future
utilization
diagnosis,
patient
stratification,
treatment.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2023
Abstract
Microorganisms,
including
bacteria,
viruses,
fungi,
and
other
eukaryotes,
play
critical
roles
in
human
health.
An
altered
microbiome
can
be
associated
with
complex
diseases.
Intratumoral
microbial
components
are
found
multiple
tumor
tissues
closely
correlated
cancer
initiation
development
therapy
efficacy.
The
intratumoral
microbiota
may
contribute
to
promotion
of
the
progression
cancers
by
DNA
mutations,
activating
carcinogenic
pathways,
promoting
chronic
inflammation,
complement
system,
initiating
metastasis.
Moreover,
not
only
enhance
antitumor
immunity
via
mechanisms
STING
signaling
activation,
T
NK
cell
TLS
production,
microbiota-derived
antigen
presenting,
but
also
decrease
immune
responses
promote
through
pathways
upregulation
ROS,
an
anti-inflammatory
environment,
inactivation,
immunosuppression.
effect
on
is
dependent
composition,
crosstalk
between
cancer,
status
cancers.
regulate
physiology
response
different
β-catenin,
TLR,
ERK,
NF-κB,
STING,
among
others.
These
viewpoints
help
identify
as
diagnosis
or
prognosis
evaluation
cancers,
new
therapeutic
strategy
potential
targets
for
therapy.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Май 13, 2023
Abstract
In
the
past
period,
due
to
rapid
development
of
next-generation
sequencing
technology,
accumulating
evidence
has
clarified
complex
role
human
microbiota
in
cancer
and
therapeutic
response.
More
importantly,
available
seems
indicate
that
modulating
composition
gut
improve
efficacy
anti-cancer
drugs
may
be
feasible.
However,
intricate
complexities
exist,
a
deep
comprehensive
understanding
how
interacts
with
is
critical
realize
its
full
potential
treatment.
The
purpose
this
review
summarize
initial
clues
on
molecular
mechanisms
regarding
mutual
effects
between
development,
highlight
relationship
microbes
immunotherapy,
chemotherapy,
radiation
therapy
surgery,
which
provide
insights
into
formulation
individualized
strategies
for
management.
addition,
current
emerging
microbial
interventions
as
well
their
clinical
applications
are
summarized.
Although
many
challenges
remain
now,
great
importance
cannot
overstated
strategies,
it
necessary
explore
holistic
approach
incorporates
modulation
cancer.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024
The
lungs
were
long
thought
to
be
sterile
until
technical
advances
uncovered
the
presence
of
lung
microbial
community.
microbiome
healthy
is
mainly
derived
from
upper
respiratory
tract
(URT)
but
also
has
its
own
characteristic
flora.
selection
mechanisms
in
lung,
including
clearance
by
coughing,
pulmonary
macrophages,
oscillation
cilia,
and
bacterial
inhibition
alveolar
surfactant,
keep
transient
mobile,
which
different
other
organs.
bacteriome
been
intensively
studied
recently,
relatively
little
research
focused
on
mycobiome
virome.
This
up-to-date
review
retrospectively
summarizes
microbiome's
history,
composition,
function.
We
focus
interaction
with
oropharynx
gut
emphasize
role
it
plays
innate
adaptive
immune
responses.
More
importantly,
we
multiple
diseases,
asthma,
chronic
obstructive
disease
(COPD),
fibrosis,
bronchiectasis,
pneumonia.
impact
coronavirus
2019
(COVID-19)
cancer
comprehensively
studied.
Furthermore,
summarizing
therapeutic
potential
diseases
examining
shortcomings
field,
propose
an
outlook
direction
research.
Infectious Diseases of Poverty,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Март 17, 2023
Abstract
Background
Emerging
fungal
pathogens
pose
important
threats
to
global
public
health.
The
World
Health
Organization
has
responded
the
rising
threat
of
traditionally
neglected
infections
by
developing
a
Fungal
Priority
Pathogens
List
(FPPL).
Taking
highest-ranked
pathogen
in
FPPL,
Cryptococcus
neoformans
,
as
paradigm,
we
review
progress
made
over
past
two
decades
on
its
burden,
clinical
manifestation
and
management
cryptococcal
infection,
antifungal
resistance.
purpose
this
is
drive
research
efforts
improve
future
diagnoses,
therapies,
interventions
associated
with
infections.
Methods
We
first
reviewed
trends
burden
HIV-associated
mainly
based
series
systematic
studies.
next
conducted
scoping
reviews
accordance
guidelines
described
Preferred
Reporting
Items
for
Systematic
Reviews
Meta-analyses
extension
Scoping
using
PubMed
ScienceDirect
keyword
identify
case
reports
published
since
2000.
then
recent
updates
diagnosis
treatment
Finally,
summarized
knowledge
regarding
resistance
tolerance
C.
approved
drugs.
Results
There
been
general
reduction
estimated
meningitis
2009,
probably
due
improvements
highly
active
antiretroviral
therapies.
However,
still
accounts
19%
AIDS-related
deaths
annually.
incidences
CM
Europe
North
America
Latin
region
have
increased
approximately
two-fold
while
other
regions
showed
either
reduced
or
stable
numbers
cases.
Unfortunately,
diagnostic
options
are
limited,
emerging
exacerbates
health
burden.
Conclusion
compounded
accumulating
evidence
ability
infect
immunocompetent
individuals
emergence
antifungal-resistant
variants.
Emphasis
should
be
placed
further
understanding
mechanisms
pathogenicity
tolerance.
development
novel
strategies
through
identification
new
drug
targets
discovery
optimization
existing
diagnostics
therapeutics
key
reducing
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024
Abstract
Human
microorganisms,
including
bacteria,
fungi,
and
viruses,
play
key
roles
in
several
physiological
pathological
processes.
Some
studies
discovered
that
tumour
tissues
once
considered
sterile
actually
host
a
variety
of
which
have
been
confirmed
to
be
closely
related
oncogenesis.
The
concept
intratumoural
microbiota
was
subsequently
proposed.
Microbiota
could
colonise
through
mucosal
destruction,
adjacent
tissue
migration,
hematogenic
invasion
affect
the
biological
behaviour
tumours
as
an
important
part
microenvironment.
Mechanistic
demonstrated
potentially
promote
initiation
progression
by
inducing
genomic
instability
mutations,
affecting
epigenetic
modifications,
promoting
inflammation
response,
avoiding
immune
regulating
metabolism,
activating
metastasis.
Since
more
comprehensive
profound
insights
about
intratumoral
are
continuously
emerging,
new
methods
for
early
diagnosis
prognostic
assessment
cancer
patients
under
examination.
In
addition,
interventions
based
on
show
great
potential
open
chapter
antitumour
therapy,
especially
immunotherapy,
although
there
some
inevitable
challenges.
Here,
we
aim
provide
extensive
review
concept,
development
history,
sources,
heterogeneity,
carcinogenic
mechanisms
explore
role
microorganisms
prognosis,
discuss
current
treatment
regimens
target
research
prospects
limitations
this
field.
