DNA Research,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
23(2), С. 125 - 133
Опубликована: Март 6, 2016
The
human
gut
microbiome
has
profound
influences
on
the
host's
health
largely
through
its
interference
with
various
intestinal
functions.
As
recent
studies
have
suggested
diversity
in
among
populations,
it
will
be
interesting
to
analyse
how
is
correlated
geographical,
cultural,
and
traditional
differences.
Japanese
people
are
known
several
characteristic
features
such
as
eating
a
variety
of
foods
exhibiting
low
BMI
long
life
span.
In
this
study,
we
analysed
microbiomes
by
comparing
metagenomic
data
obtained
from
106
individuals
those
11
other
nations.
We
found
that
composition
showed
more
abundant
phylum
Actinobacteria,
particular
genus
Bifidobacterium,
than
Regarding
microbial
functions,
carbohydrate
metabolism
were
overrepresented
concurrent
decrease
for
replication
repair,
cell
motility.
remarkable
prevalence
genes
methanogenesis
significant
depletion
archaeon
Methanobrevibacter
smithii
enrichment
acetogenesis
compared
others
difference
hydrogen
pathway
between
them.
It
thus
seems
considerably
different
which
cannot
simply
explained
diet
alone.
postulate
possible
existence
hitherto
unknown
factors
contributing
population-level
microbiomes.
Science,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
352(6285), С. 560 - 564
Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2016
“Normal”
for
the
gut
microbiota
For
benefit
of
future
clinical
studies,
it
is
critical
to
establish
what
constitutes
a
“normal”
microbiome,
if
exists
at
all.
Through
fecal
samples
and
questionnaires,
Falony
et
al.
Zhernakova
targeted
general
populations
in
Belgium
Netherlands,
respectively.
Gut
composition
correlated
with
range
factors
including
diet,
use
medication,
red
blood
cell
counts,
chromogranin
A,
stool
consistency.
The
data
give
some
hints
possible
biomarkers
normal
communities.
Science
,
this
issue
pp.
560
565
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
81(4)
Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2017
Understanding
the
mechanisms
controlling
community
diversity,
functions,
succession,
and
biogeography
is
a
central,
but
poorly
understood,
topic
in
ecology,
particularly
microbial
ecology.
Although
stochastic
processes
are
believed
to
play
nonnegligible
roles
shaping
structure,
their
importance
relative
deterministic
hotly
debated.
The
of
ecological
stochasticity
structure
far
less
appreciated.
Some
main
reasons
for
such
heavy
debates
difficulty
defining
diverse
methods
used
delineating
stochasticity.
Here,
we
provide
critical
review
synthesis
data
from
most
recent
studies
on
assembly
We
then
describe
both
components
embedded
various
processes,
including
selection,
dispersal,
diversification,
drift.
also
different
approaches
inferring
observational
diversity
patterns
highlight
experimental
communities.
In
addition,
research
challenges,
gaps,
future
directions
research.
