Extensive transmission of microbes along the gastrointestinal tract

eLife, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 8

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2019

The gastrointestinal tract is abundantly colonized by microbes, yet the translocation of oral species to intestine considered a rare aberrant event, and hallmark disease. By studying salivary fecal microbial strain populations 310 in 470 individuals from five countries, we found that transmission to, subsequent colonization of, large microbes common extensive among healthy individuals. We evidence for vast majority be transferable, with increased levels colorectal cancer rheumatoid arthritis patients and, more generally, described as opportunistic pathogens. This establishes cavity an endogenous reservoir gut strains, oral-fecal important process shapes microbiome health

Язык: Английский

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The maternal microbiome modulates fetal neurodevelopment in mice

Nature, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 586(7828), С. 281 - 286

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Improved metagenome binning and assembly using deep variational autoencoders

Nature Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 39(5), С. 555 - 560

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2021

Язык: Английский

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The Prevotella copri Complex Comprises Four Distinct Clades Underrepresented in Westernized Populations

Cell Host & Microbe, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 26(5), С. 666 - 679.e7

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2019

Prevotella copri is a common human gut microbe that has been both positively and negatively associated with host health. In cross-continent meta-analysis exploiting >6,500 metagenomes, we obtained >1,000 genomes explored the genetic population structure of P. copri. encompasses four distinct clades (>10% inter-clade divergence) propose constitute complex, all were confirmed by isolate sequencing. These are nearly ubiquitous co-present in non-Westernized populations. Genomic analysis showed substantial functional diversity complex notable differences carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting multi-generational dietary modifications may be driving reduced prevalence Westernized Analysis ancient metagenomes highlighted patterns presence consistent modern populations clade delineation time pre-dating migratory waves out Africa. findings reveal exhibits high underrepresented Western-lifestyle

Язык: Английский

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inStrain profiles population microdiversity from metagenomic data and sensitively detects shared microbial strains

Nature Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 39(6), С. 727 - 736

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Diversity within species: interpreting strains in microbiomes

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 18(9), С. 491 - 506

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Developmental trajectory of the healthy human gut microbiota during the first 5 years of life

Cell Host & Microbe, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 29(5), С. 765 - 776.e3

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2021

The gut is inhabited by a densely populated ecosystem, the microbiota, that established at birth. However, succession which different bacteria are incorporated into microbiota still relatively unknown. Here, we analyze from 471 Swedish children followed birth to 5 years of age, collecting samples after 4 and 12 months 3 age as well their mothers using 16S rRNA gene profiling. We also compare an adult population. Genera follow colonization patterns during establishment where Methanobrevibacter Christensenellaceae colonize late do not reached levels years. These colonizers correlate with increased alpha diversity in both adults. By following through age-specific community types, observe have individual dynamics development trajectory.

Язык: Английский

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Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in the Treatment of Enteric Infections

Molecules, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 26(23), С. 7136 - 7136

Опубликована: Ноя. 25, 2021

Antibiotics played an important role in controlling the development of enteric infection. However, emergence antibiotic resistance and gut dysbiosis led to a growing interest use natural antimicrobial agents as alternatives for therapy disinfection. Chitosan is nontoxic polymer approved by GRAS (Generally Recognized Safe United States Food Drug Administration). chitosan derivatives can kill microbes neutralizing negative charges on microbial surface. Besides, chemical modifications give better water solubility property. This review gives overview preparation chitosan, its derivatives, conjugates with other polymers nanoparticles properties, explains direct indirect mechanisms action summarizes current treatment infections well infections. Finally, we suggested future directions further research improve develop more useful conjugates.

Язык: Английский

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Disease-associated gut microbiome and metabolome changes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2020

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third commonest cause of death globally, and manifests as a progressive inflammatory lung with no curative treatment. The microbiome contributes to COPD progression, but function gut remains unclear. Here we examine faecal metabolome patients healthy controls, finding 146 bacterial species differing between two groups. Several species, including Streptococcus sp000187445, vestibularis multiple members family Lachnospiraceae, also correlate reduced function. Untargeted metabolomics identifies signature comprising 46% lipid, 20% xenobiotic amino acid related metabolites. Furthermore, describe disease-associated network connecting parasanguinis_B COPD-associated metabolites, N-acetylglutamate its analogue N-carbamoylglutamate. While correlative, our results suggest that are distinct from those individuals, may thus aid in search for biomarkers COPD.

Язык: Английский

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Breast milk-derived human milk oligosaccharides promote Bifidobacterium interactions within a single ecosystem

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 14(2), С. 635 - 648

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2019

Diet-microbe interactions play an important role in modulating the early-life microbiota, with Bifidobacterium strains and species dominating gut of breast-fed infants. Here, we sought to explore how infant diet drives distinct bifidobacterial community composition dynamics within individual ecosystems. Genomic characterisation 19 isolated from infants revealed a diverse genomic architecture enriched carbohydrate metabolism genes, which was each strain, but collectively formed pangenome across Presence gene clusters implicated digestion human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) varied between species, growth studies indicating that single there were differences ability utilise 2'FL LNnT HMOs strains. Cross-feeding experiments performed HMO degraders non-HMO users (using spent or 'conditioned' media direct co-culture). Further 1H-NMR analysis identified fucose, galactose, acetate, N-acetylglucosamine as key by-products metabolism; demonstrated by modest on spend metabolism. These indicate permits sharing resources maximise nutrient consumption highlights cooperative nature their 'foundation' ecosystem. The intra- inter-infant behaviour may contribute diversity dominance early life suggests avenues for future development new microbiota-based therapies promote health.

Язык: Английский

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