Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023
From
the
myriad
of
studies
on
neuronal
plasticity,
investigating
its
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
up
to
behavioral
relevance,
a
very
complex
landscape
has
emerged.
Recent
efforts
have
been
achieved
toward
more
naturalistic
investigations
as
an
attempt
better
capture
synaptic
plasticity
underpinning
learning
and
memory,
which
fostered
by
development
in
vivo
electrophysiological
imaging
tools.
In
this
review,
we
examine
these
investigations,
devoting
first
part
rules
issued
from
vivo-like
activity
patterns.
We
next
give
overview
novel
tools,
enable
increased
spatio-temporal
specificity
for
detecting
manipulating
expressed
at
individual
spines
circuit
level
during
behavior.
Finally,
put
particular
emphasis
works
considering
brain-body
communication
loops
macroscale
contributors
such
body
internal
states
brain
energy
metabolism.
Cells,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(2), С. 143 - 143
Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2025
Brain
plasticity
is
at
the
basis
of
many
cognitive
functions,
including
learning
and
memory.
It
includes
several
mechanisms
synaptic
extrasynaptic
changes,
neurogenesis,
formation
elimination
synapses.
The
transmission
involves
expression
immediate
early
genes
(IEGs)
that
regulate
neuronal
activity,
thereby
supporting
In
addition,
IEGs
are
involved
in
regulation
brain
cells’
metabolism,
proliferation,
survival,
establishment
multicellular
ensembles,
and,
presumably,
cell
competition
tissue.
this
review,
we
analyze
current
understanding
role
(c-Fos,
c-Myc,
Arg3.1/Arc)
controlling
physiological
pathological
conditions,
aging
neurodegeneration.
This
work
might
inspire
new
gene
therapy
strategies
targeting
to
plasticity,
potentially
prevent
or
mitigate
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43(8), С. 114503 - 114503
Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024
Synaptic
plasticities,
such
as
long-term
potentiation
(LTP)
and
depression
(LTD),
tune
synaptic
efficacy
are
essential
for
learning
memory.
Current
studies
of
plasticity
in
humans
limited
by
a
lack
adequate
human
models.
Here,
we
modeled
the
thalamocortical
system
fusing
induced
pluripotent
stem
cell-derived
thalamic
cortical
organoids.
Single-nucleus
RNA
sequencing
revealed
that
>80%
cells
organoids
were
glutamatergic
neurons.
When
fused
to
form
assembloids,
formed
reciprocal
long-range
axonal
projections
synapses
detectable
light
electron
microscopy,
respectively.
Using
whole-cell
patch-clamp
electrophysiology
two-photon
imaging,
characterized
transmission.
Thalamocortical
corticothalamic
displayed
short-term
analogous
animal
LTP
LTD
reliably
at
both
synapses;
however,
their
mechanisms
differed
from
those
previously
described
rodents.
Thus,
assembloids
provide
model
exploring
circuits.
Neurology International,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(3), С. 567 - 589
Опубликована: Май 14, 2024
Paired
associative
stimulation
(PAS)
is
a
non-invasive
brain
technique
combining
transcranial
magnetic
and
peripheral
nerve
stimulation.
PAS
allows
connections
between
cortical
areas
nerves
(C/P
PAS)
or
regions
(C/C
to
be
strengthened
weakened
by
spike-timing-dependent
neural
plasticity
mechanisms.
Since
modulates
both
neurophysiological
features
motor
performance,
there
growing
interest
in
its
application
neurorehabilitation.
We
aimed
synthesize
evidence
on
the
rehabilitation
role
of
stroke
patients.
performed
literature
search
following
PRISMA
Extension
for
Scoping
Reviews
Framework.
Eight
studies
were
included:
one
investigated
C/C
cerebellum
affected
primary
area
(M1),
seven
applied
C/P
over
lesional,
contralesional,
M1.
Seven
evaluated
outcome
upper
limb
lower
recovery.
Although
several
omit
crucial
methodological
details,
highlighted
effects
mainly
corticospinal
excitability,
and,
more
rarely,
an
improvement
performance.
However,
most
failed
prove
correlation
changes
improvement.
current
seem
suggest
post-stroke
rehabilitation,
their
heterogeneity
limited
number
do
not
yet
allow
definitive
conclusions
drawn.
This
review
investigates
the
transformative
potential
of
neuromorphic
computing
in
advancing
biointegrated
electronics,
with
a
particular
emphasis
on
applications
medical
sensing,
diagnostics,
and
therapeutic
interventions.
By
examining
convergence
edge
principles,
we
explore
how
emulating
operational
principles
human
brain
can
enhance
energy
efficiency
functionality
electronics.
The
begins
an
introduction
to
recent
breakthroughs
materials
circuit
designs
that
aim
mimic
various
aspects
biological
nervous
system.
Subsequent
sections
synthesize
demonstrations
systems
designed
augment
healthcare-related
electronic
systems,
including
those
capable
direct
signal
communication
tissues.
devices
remain
nascent
stage,
relatively
limited
number
publications
available.
current
aims
meticulously
summarize
these
pioneering
studies
evaluate
state
propose
future
directions
advance
interdisciplinary
field.
Non-invasive
brain
stimulation
techniques
have
the
potential
to
improve
memory
functions.
However,
results
so
far
been
relatively
modest
and
time-consuming.
Here,
we
implemented
a
novel
3-minute
combination
of
personalized
repetitive
transcranial
magnetic
(intermittent
theta
burst-iTBS)
coupled
with
simultaneous
application
gamma
alternating
current
(γtACS)
over
precuneus,
area
connected
hippocampus,
modulate
long
term
in
healthy
subjects.
Only
dual
electromagnetic
precuneus
produced
consistent
increase
long-term
associative
as
compared
iTBS
alone
sham
conditions
sample
volunteers.
The
effects
were
replicated
another
independent
sample,
which
increased
was
retained
for
up
one
week.
Moreover,
oscillations
precuneus-hippocampus
functional
connectivity
through
white
matter
tracts
linking
temporal
lobe.
These
findings
show
that
may
lead
neuronal
assemblies
state
favorable
enhance
plasticity
identify
key
involved
formation.
Personalized
network
represent
new
powerful
approach
enhancing
functions
several
clinical
conditions.
Non-invasive
brain
stimulation
techniques
have
the
potential
to
improve
memory
functions.
However,
results
so
far
been
relatively
modest
and
time-consuming.
Here,
we
implemented
a
novel
3-minute
combination
of
personalized
repetitive
transcranial
magnetic
(intermittent
theta
burst-iTBS)
coupled
with
simultaneous
application
gamma
alternating
current
(γtACS)
over
precuneus,
area
connected
hippocampus,
modulate
long
term
in
healthy
subjects.
Only
dual
electromagnetic
precuneus
produced
consistent
increase
long-term
associative
as
compared
iTBS
alone
sham
conditions
sample
volunteers.
The
effects
were
replicated
another
independent
sample,
which
increased
was
retained
for
up
one
week.
Moreover,
oscillations
precuneus-hippocampus
functional
connectivity
through
white
matter
tracts
linking
temporal
lobe.
These
findings
show
that
may
lead
neuronal
assemblies
state
favorable
enhance
plasticity
identify
key
involved
formation.
Personalized
network
represent
new
powerful
approach
enhancing
functions
several
clinical
conditions.
