Generating active T1 transitions through mechanochemical feedback

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2023

Convergence–extension in embryos is controlled by chemical and mechanical signalling. A key cellular process the exchange of neighbours via T1 transitions. We propose analyse a model with positive feedback between recruitment myosin motors tension cell junctions. The produces active events, which act to elongate tissue perpendicular main direction stress. Using an idealised patch comprising several cells embedded matrix passive hexagonal cells, we identified optimal range stresses trigger event. show that directed also generate chains realistic made entirely random shapes leads convergence–extension over parameters. Our findings intercalations can stress activates events neighbouring resulting tension-dependent reorganisation, qualitative agreement experiments on gastrulation chick embryos.

Язык: Английский

---

Molecular sensing of mechano- and ligand-dependent adhesion GPCR dissociation

Nature, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 615(7954), С. 945 - 953

Опубликована: Март 8, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Orchestrating morphogenesis: building the body plan by cell shape changes and movements

Development, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 147(17)

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2020

ABSTRACT During embryonic development, a simple ball of cells re-shapes itself into the elaborate body plan an animal. This requires dramatic cell shape changes and movements, powered by contractile force generated actin myosin linked to plasma membrane at cell-cell cell-matrix junctions. Here, we review three morphogenetic events common most animals: apical constriction, convergent extension collective migration. Using fruit fly Drosophila as example, discuss recent work that has revealed exciting new insights molecular mechanisms allow change move without tearing tissues apart. We also point out parallel in other animals, which suggest underlying these processes are conserved.

Язык: Английский

---

Geometric control of myosin II orientation during axis elongation

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2023

The actomyosin cytoskeleton is a crucial driver of morphogenesis. Yet how the behavior large-scale cytoskeletal patterns in deforming tissues emerges from interplay geometry, genetics, and mechanics remains incompletely understood. Convergent extension Drosophila melanogaster embryos provides opportunity to establish quantitative understanding dynamics anisotropic non-muscle myosin II. Cell-scale analysis protein localization fixed suggests that gene expression govern anisotropy via complex rules. However, technical limitations have impeded dynamic studies this process at whole embryo level, leaving role geometry open. Here, we combine toto live imaging with molecular characterize distribution corresponding genetic patterning. We found pair rule continuously deformed, flowing tissue frame. In contrast, orientation remained approximately static was only weakly deflected stationary dorsal-ventral axis embryo. propose recruited by geometrically defined source, potentially related embryo-scale epithelial tension, account for transient deflections turnover junction reorientation flow. With one parameter, model quantitatively accounts time course wild-type, twist , even-skipped embryos, as well perturbed egg geometry. Geometric patterning simple physical strategy ensure robust flow formation shape.

Язык: Английский

---

A mechanochemical model recapitulates distinct vertebrate gastrulation modes

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(49)

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2023

During vertebrate gastrulation, an embryo transforms from a layer of epithelial cells into multilayered gastrula. This process requires the coordinated movements hundreds to tens thousands cells, depending on organism. In chick embryo, patterns actomyosin cables spanning several drive tissue flows. Here, we derive minimal theoretical framework that couples activity global Our model predicts onset and development gastrulation flows in normal experimentally perturbed embryos, mimicking different modes as active stress instability. Varying initial conditions parameter associated with cell ingression, our recapitulates distinct morphologies, consistent recently published experiments embryo. Altogether, results show how changes patterning critical behaviors force-generating mechanisms contribute via self-organizing mechanochemical process.

Язык: Английский

---

The pulse of morphogenesis: actomyosin dynamics and regulation in epithelia

Development, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 147(17)

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2020

ABSTRACT Actomyosin networks are some of the most crucial force-generating components present in developing tissues. The contractile forces generated by these harnessed during morphogenesis to drive various cell and tissue reshaping events. Recent studies processes have advanced rapidly, providing us with insights into how initiated, positioned regulated, they act via individual pulses and/or formation supracellular cables. Here, we review discuss mechanisms that underlie construction turnover such structures. Furthermore, provide an overview ratcheted processivity emerges from pulsed events, tissue-level mechanics coordinated output many cellular behaviors.

Язык: Английский

---

Patterned mechanical feedback establishes a global myosin gradient

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2022

Abstract Morphogenesis, the coordinated execution of developmental programs that shape embryos, raises many fundamental questions at interface between physics and biology. In particular, how dynamics active cytoskeletal processes are across surface entire embryos to generate global cell flows is poorly understood. Two distinct regulatory principles have been identified: genetic dynamic response mechanical stimuli. Despite progress, disentangling these two contributions remains challenging. Here, we combine in toto light sheet microscopy with optogenetic perturbations tissue mechanics examine theoretically predicted recruitment non-muscle myosin II junctions during Drosophila embryogenesis. We find has a long-range impact on configuration, rate junction deformation sets recruitment. Mathematical modeling high frequency analysis reveal fluctuations around mean value set by feedback. Our model accounts for early establishment pattern 80% fidelity. Taken together our results indicate spatially modulated feedback as key input gradients configurations flow patterns.

Язык: Английский

---

Toll-mediated airway homeostasis is essential for fly survival upon injection of RasV12-GFP oncogenic cells

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(2), С. 113677 - 113677

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

Toll signaling is well known for its pivotal role in the host response against invasion of external pathogens. Here, we investigate potential involvement intersection between and oncogenic cells. We show that loss myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88) leads to drastic fly death after injection RasV12-GFP Transcriptomic analyses challenging flies with cells or bacteria distinct inductions Myd88-dependent genes. note downregulation Myd88 tracheal system accounts mortality, ectopic complementation rescues survival defect loss-of-function mutants following injection. Further, molecular genetic evidence indicate modulates resistance through mediating airway function a rolled-dependent manner. Collectively, our data critical homeostasis

Язык: Английский

---

The geometric basis of epithelial convergent extension

eLife, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13

Опубликована: Март 26, 2024

Shape changes of epithelia during animal development, such as convergent extension, are achieved through the concerted mechanical activity individual cells. While much is known about corresponding large-scale tissue flow and its genetic drivers, fundamental questions regarding local control contractile on cellular scale embryo-scale coordination remain open. To address these questions, we develop a quantitative, model-based analysis framework to relate cell geometry tension in recently obtained time-lapse imaging data gastrulating Drosophila embryos. This systematically decomposes shape T1 rearrangements into internally driven, active, externally passive, contributions. Our provides evidence that germ band extension driven by active processes self-organize positive feedback acting tensions. More generally, our findings suggest epithelial results from controlled transformation internal force balance which combines effects bottom-up self-organization with top-down, regulation gene expression.

Язык: Английский

---

Adhesion-regulated junction slippage controls cell intercalation dynamics in an Apposed-Cortex Adhesion Model

PLoS Computational Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 18(1), С. e1009812 - e1009812

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2022

Cell intercalation is a key cell behaviour of morphogenesis and wound healing, where local neighbour exchanges can cause dramatic tissue deformations such as body axis extension. Substantial experimental work has identified the molecular players facilitating intercalation, but there remains lack consensus understanding their physical roles. Existing biophysical models that represent cell-cell contacts with single edges cannot study exchange continuous process, neighbouring cortices must uncouple. Here, we develop an Apposed-Cortex Adhesion Model (ACAM) to understand active behaviours in context 2D epithelial tissue. The junctional actomyosin cortex every modelled viscoelastic rope-loop, explicitly representing facing each other at bicellular junctions adhesion molecules couple them. model parameters relate directly properties subcellular drive dynamics, providing multi-scale behaviours. We show be driven by purely mechanisms. Active contractility cortical turnover junction are sufficient shrink remove junction. Next, new, orthogonal extends passively. ACAM reveals how regulates tension transmission deformation rates controlling slippage between apposed cortices. additionally predicts rosettes, which form when vertex becomes common many cells, more likely occur actively intercalating tissues strong friction from molecules.

Язык: Английский

---