Interplay of fatty acids, insulin and exercise in vascular health

Lipids in Health and Disease, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Fatty acid metabolism, exercise, and insulin action play critical roles in maintaining vascular health, especially relevant metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease. Insulin, a vasoactive hormone, induces arterial vasodilation throughout the tree, increasing compliance enhancing tissue perfusion. These effects, however, are impaired individuals with obesity evidence suggests that resistance contributes to pathogenesis of diabetes its complications. Elevated plasma levels free fatty acids people engender inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, resistance. Importantly, these effects both functionally structurally dependent, saturated primary culprits, while polyunsaturated may support sensitivity function. Exercise enhances oxidation, reduces circulating acids, improves sensitivity, thereby mitigating lipotoxicity promoting Additionally, exercise beneficial adaptations. This review examines complex interplay among training-induced adaptations, insulin-mediated changes, highlighting their collective impact on health underlying mechanisms healthy insulin-resistant states. It also explores therapeutic potential targeted prescriptions acid-focused dietary strategies for emphasizing tailored interventions maximize benefits. Future research should investigate pathways linking metabolism resistance, focus how modifications can be personalized enhance optimize reduce risks associated

Язык: Английский

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Optimal exercise dose on Body Mass Index (BMI) in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and bayesian model-based network meta-analysis

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2025

Exercise is widely used for obesity management, but the optimal doses of exercise improving body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents with overweight remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate dose‒response effects various exercises on BMI obesity. A systematic search was conducted Web Science (Core Collection), PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library randomized controlled trials relevant studies, covering literature up July 2024. Three independent reviewers assessed bias via risk tool. The quality evidence using Confidence Network Meta-Analysis framework. network meta-analysis impact interventions explore relationships. All outcomes were analyzed mean difference (MD) 95% credible intervals (CrIs) calculated combined statistics. included 39 publications 1,814 participants, 47.3% female a median age 14 years. intervention involved six modalities. High-intensity interval training demonstrated significant reduction (MD = -1.33, CrIs - 2.01 -0.66), followed by -1.25, 1.93 -0.61), moderate-intensity continuous -1.09, 1.73 -0.45), mixed aerobic -1.05, 1.67 -0.42). There an 'L'-shaped nonlinear dose-response relationship between total dose BMI, 200 METs-min/day identified as minimum required achieve clinically meaningful BMI. Low-quality indicates that HIIT, CE, MAE, MICT improve obesity, clarified clinical benefit. These findings are prescription public health policy. CRD42024566450.

Язык: Английский

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Exercise snacks are a time-efficient alternative to moderate-intensity continuous training for improving cardiorespiratory fitness but not maximal fat oxidation in inactive adults: a randomized controlled trial

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 49(7), С. 920 - 932

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

The aims of this study were (1) to determine how stair-climbing-based exercise snacks (ES) compared moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) for improving cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and (2) explore whether ES could improve maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) in inactive adults. Healthy, young, adults (

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation and diagnosis for the pedestrian quality of service in urban riverfront streets

Journal of Cleaner Production, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 452, С. 142090 - 142090

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024

Leisure walking can improve the physical and mental health of urban people. Especially, riverfront streets have a comfortable blue space that bring higher pedestrian benefits. Improving quality service (PQOS) is crucial. However, needs citizens for daily activities are rarely considered in streets. This paper established evaluation system PQOS from five aspects accessibility, attractiveness, comfort, safety pleasure, realized collection calculation indicators through syntax, semantic segmentation other methods. Taking Jilin Riverfront Streets as examples, was evaluated. Through establishment coordinate system, were divided into four categories: Advantage, Maintain, Opportunity Improvement The renewal strategies proposed. results showed great room improvement. natural openness ratio visual index improvement need to be enhanced. Most opportunity located residential, industrial biophilic districts. number types facilities increased. method assist designers update streets, provide data support that.

Язык: Английский

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β-Glucan from Lyophyllum decastes regulates gut microbiota and plasma metabolites in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Journal of Functional Foods, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 116, С. 106166 - 106166

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lyophyllum decastes β-glucan (LDBG) in preventing high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity male C57BL/6 mice, focusing on fecal gut microbiota (GM) and plasma metabolomics. LDBG treatment led a reduction body weight an improvement dyslipidemia HFD-fed mice. Additionally, decreased pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) liver abdominal adipose tissue lowered lipopolysaccharide leptin levels plasma. also up-regulated mRNA intestinal epithelial tight junction proteins, such as Occludin, Claudin-1, zonula occludens-1 colon tissue. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing data suggested that reduced relative abundance Faecalibaculum Ileibacterium while increasing Bifidobacterium Oscillospiraceae. Untargeted metabolomics showed significantly promoted Tryptophan metabolism, Glycerophospholipid Citrate cycle, closely correlating with GM changes, particularly Oscillospiraceae genera. demonstrates potential prebiotic prevention by regulating metabolite pathways.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of blood flow restriction training on cardiometabolic health and body composition in adults with overweight and obesity: a meta-analysis

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) training on cardiometabolic health and body composition in adults with overweight obesity. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Web Science, Cochrane, Scopus databases was conducted 15 March 2024. Pooled for each outcome were summarized using Hedge's g (g) through meta-analysis-based random models, subgroup analyses used explore moderators. A total 11 studies 242 participants (Age:32.6 ± 3.6, BMI:27.2 3.5) included. Regarding health, BFR significantly reduced systolic pressure (g = 0.62 [0.08, 1.16], p 0.02), while no significant differences observed maximal oxygen uptake 0.48 [-0.21, 1.17], 0.17) or diastolic 0.31 [-0.22, 0.84], 0.25). composition, fat percentage 0.30 [0.01, 0.58]; 0.04), (p > 0.05) weight 0.14 [-0.14, 0.42]), mass index 0.08 0.38]), waist circumference 0.13 [-0.28, 0.53]), waist-to-hip ratio [-0.19, 1.15]). Subgroup analysis revealed difference improving 0.57 [-0.10, 1.24] vs. 0.70 [-0.18, 1.59]) 0.20 [-0.20, 0.61] 0.45 [-0.05, 0.95]) between resistance aerobic training. In all selected studies, overall risk bias categorized as "some concern". The certainty evidence outcomes low. shows promise indicating that it may serve beneficial, individualized exercise prescription cardiovascular disease loss excess https://archive.org/details/osf-registrations-uv6jx-v1.

Язык: Английский

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Physiological adaptations and performance enhancement with combined blood flow restricted and interval training: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 101030 - 101030

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

We aimed to determine: (a) the chronic effects of interval training (IT) combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) on physiological adaptations (aerobic/anaerobic capacity and muscle responses) performance enhancement (endurance sprints), (b) influence participant characteristics intervention protocols these effects. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web Science (Core Collection), Cochrane Library (Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure April 2, updates October 17, 2024. Pooled for each outcome summarized using Hedge's g (g) through meta-analysis-based random models, subgroup regression analyses used explore moderators. A total 24 studies 621 participants included. IT BFR (IT+BFR) significantly improved maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) (g = 0.63, I2 63%), mean power during Wingate 30-s test 0.70, 47%), strength 0.88, 64%), endurance 0.43, 0%), time fatigue 1.26, 86%), aerobic speed 0.74, 0%) compared alone. Subgroup analysis indicated that including status, intensity, modes moderated VO2max (subgroup differences: p < 0.05). Specifically, IT+BFR showed superior improvements alone trained individuals 0.76) at supra-maximal intensity 1.29) moderate 1.08) as well walking 1.64) running 0.63) modes. Meta-regression cuff width (β 0.14) was associated change, identifying 8.23 cm minimum threshold required significant improvement. regarding did not reveal any enhances optimizes aspects performance, moderators protocol (intensity, mode, type), width. This addresses various IT-related challenges provides tailored benefits diverse populations.

Язык: Английский

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Engaging in High-Intensity Interval Training is More Effective than Moderate-Intensity Interval Training in Improving Aerobic Capacity and Body Composition in Students

Physical Education Theory and Methodology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(2), С. 245 - 253

Опубликована: Март 30, 2025

Objectives. This study aimed to prove the difference in effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous (MICT) on increasing aerobic capacity improving body composition. Materials methods. examined two different methods – composition among 30 university students aged 19-22, using a pretest-posttest control group design. Participants were randomly assigned either MICT, HIIT, or Control (no training) groups trained three times week for four weeks. Aerobic was measured with 12-Minute Cooper Test, assessed TANITA BC-545N. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, normality tests ANOVA evaluate differences. Results. The results indicate that HIIT yields greater enhancements (e.g., reduced fat increased fat-free mass) compared while CTRL appears demonstrate minimal changes. Additionally, no significant differences BMI observed between (p ≥ 0.05). Conclusions. These findings suggest may serve as an effective approach individuals seeking optimal fitness gains improved shorter exercise durations.

Язык: Английский

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Acute Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Postprandial Glycemia in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Scoping Review

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(8), С. 1364 - 1364

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025

Background/Objectives: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as an effective strategy for mitigating postprandial glycemia in overweight or obese individuals. This scoping review aims to examine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted between 2008 and 2024 that evaluated the impact of HIIT on acute glycemic response. Methods: A comprehensive search was employed using terms such “high-intensity (HIIT)” “postprandial glycemia”, combined with Boolean operators, no restrictions study type. Electronic databases searched included PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Web Science from their inception through 2024. Of 67 studies met inclusion criteria, five RCTs were selected final analysis. All involved individuals a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25. Results: Each featured at least one intervention group, variations frequency, duration, intensity, testing protocols. Despite differences glucose tolerance test timelines, glucose-loading protocol (75 g) exercise interventions demonstrated minimal heterogeneity across studies. The findings suggest short-term may positively influence responses populations. Conclusions: Short-term appears be promising improving control elevated BMI. Future research is warranted further elucidate both long-term effects HIIT, particularly role skeletal muscle regulating systemic levels this population.

Язык: Английский

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A comparative analysis of energy expenditure and substrate metabolism in male university students with overweight/obesity: Tabata vs HIIT and MICT

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024

Introduction Exploring the energy expenditure and substrate metabolism data during exercise, 10-minute recovery, 20-minute recovery phases in Tabata, HIIT(High-Intensity Interval Training), MICT(Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training). This study explores scientific aspects of weight reduction strategies, examining from various training perspectives. The aim is to establish a theoretical foundation for tailoring targeted exercise plans individuals within population with overweight/obesity. Methods used an experimental design fifteen male university students Participants underwent random testing HIIT, MICT. Tabata involved eight sets 20 seconds 10 rest, totaling 4 minutes. HIIT included four power cycling: 3 minutes at 80% VO 2max intensity followed by 2 20% . MICT comprised 30 50% intensity. Gas indices were continuously measured. Subsequently, fat glucose oxidation rates, along expenditure, calculated each type. Results During both phases, group exhibited significantly higher rate (0.27 ± 0.03 g/min) compared (0.20 0.04 g/min, p&lt;0.05) 0.03g/min, p&lt;0.001). No significant difference was observed between groups (p=0.854). In terms rate, maintained substantially elevated level 5.76 0.74kcal/min (4.81 0.25kcal/min, p&lt;0.01) (3.45 Additionally, surpassed that (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion finds college overweight/obesity has lower groups. However, over entire process, still exhibits rates these than Despite shorter duration, shows noticeable “time-efficiency” advantage. can be as efficient short-term loss program

Язык: Английский

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