Understanding mechanisms of antioxidant action in health and disease

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(1), С. 13 - 33

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Mitophagy curtails cytosolic mtDNA-dependent activation of cGAS/STING inflammation during aging

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2024

Abstract Macroautophagy decreases with age, and this change is considered a hallmark of the aging process. It remains unknown whether mitophagy, essential selective autophagic degradation mitochondria, also age. In our analysis mitophagy in multiple organs mito-QC reporter mouse, either increased or unchanged old versus young mice. Transcriptomic shows marked upregulation type I interferon response retina mice, which correlates levels cytosolic mtDNA activation cGAS/STING pathway. Crucially, these same alterations are replicated primary human fibroblasts from elderly donors. pharmacological induction urolithin A attenuates ameliorates deterioration neurological function. These findings point to as strategy decrease age-associated inflammation increase healthspan.

Язык: Английский

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The Impact of Ellagitannins and Their Metabolites through Gut Microbiome on the Gut Health and Brain Wellness within the Gut–Brain Axis

Foods, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2), С. 270 - 270

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023

Ellagitannins (ETs) are a large group of bioactive compounds found in plant-source foods, such as pomegranates, berries, and nuts. The consumption ETs has often been associated with positive effects on many pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative syndromes, cancer. Although multiple biological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive) have discussed for ETs, their limited bioavailability prevents reaching significant concentrations systemic circulation. Instead, urolithins, ET gut microbiota-derived metabolites, better absorbed could be the molecules responsible antioxidant anti-inflammatory or anti-tumor cell progression. In this review, we examined dietary sources, metabolism, analyzed last recent findings ellagic acid, intestinal brain activities, potential mechanisms action, connection between microbiota metabolism consequences detected gut–brain axis. current vitro, vivo, clinical studies indicate that ET-rich individual microbiomes, urolithin types modulate signaling pathways promote beneficial health effects. A understanding role these metabolites disease pathogenesis may assist prevention treatment pathologies targeting

Язык: Английский

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The Potential of Flavonoids and Flavonoid Metabolites in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Pathology in Disorders of Cognitive Decline

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(3), С. 663 - 663

Опубликована: Март 7, 2023

Flavonoids are a biodiverse family of dietary compounds that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial cell protective profiles. They received considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in biomedicine been widely used traditional complimentary medicine for generations. Such medical herbal formulations extremely complex mixtures many pharmacologically active provide outcome through network pharmacological effects complexity. Methods emerging to determine the components their targets decipher complexities how pharmacology provides such effects. The gut microbiome has important roles play generation bioactive flavonoid metabolites retaining or exceeding antioxidative anti-inflammatory properties intact and, some cases, new antitumor antineurodegenerative bioactivities. Certain food items identified with high prebiotic profiles suggesting neutraceutical supplementation may be beneficially employed preserve healthy population bacterial symbiont species minimize establishment harmful pathogenic organisms. Gut health is an consideration effecting overall wellbeing linked organ systems. Bioconversion generates can also transported by vagus nerve systemic circulation brain populations exert beneficial effect. This particularly number neurological disorders (autism, bipolar disorder, AD, PD) characterized on moods, resulting depression anxiety, impaired motor function, long-term cognitive decline. Native flavonoids alleviation inflammation tissues, however, concerns raised levels not achieved, thus allowing them display optimal Dietary manipulation vagal stimulation both yielded responses treatment autism spectrum disorders, depression, establishing route communication gut-brain axis established disease intervention. While native known penetrate blood–brain barrier, microbiome-generated (e.g., protocatechuic acid, urolithins, γ-valerolactones), which retain antioxidant potency addition promote mitochondrial cerebrovascular microcapillary should considered biotherapeutic agents. Studies warranted experimentally examine efficacy directly, they emerge novel options.

Язык: Английский

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Chemistry, bioavailability, bioactivity, nutritional aspects and human health benefits of polyphenols: A comprehensive review

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 277, С. 134223 - 134223

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Tannic acid extracted from gallnut improves intestinal health with regulation of redox homeostasis and gut microbiota of weaned piglets

Animal Research and One Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2(1), С. 16 - 27

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Abstract The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects tannic acid (TA) derived from gallnut supplementation on growth performance and health status weaned piglets. A total 432 weanling piglets (7.05 ± 1.05 kg) were randomly allocated into 4 treatment groups with 6 replicates 18 pigs/pen. Piglets fed either a basal diet (CON), or diets supplemented 1.5 kg/t TA, 3.0 1.8 zinc oxide (ZnO) for 21 days. results showed that, compared CON, dietary TA did not affect ( p > 0.05) serum biochemistry However, had higher SOD, GPX, CAT activities lower MDA concentration in jejunum than those CON ZnO group. Meanwhile, increased < villus height height/crypt depth, decreased crypt depth small intestine. Dietary also downregulated IL‐1β TNF‐α expression jejunum. Furthermore, reduced abundance Candidatus Brocadia Escherichia‐Shigella cecal digesta. Notably, both negative correlation antioxidant enzymes R −0.60, 0.01), but was positively correlated concentrations = 0.44, In conclusion, improved gut piglets, potentially by regulating redox homeostasis microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and cell signaling pathways of pomegranate peel extract

Phytochemistry Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Interaction of Polyphenols and the Gut Microbiota in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(24), С. 5373 - 5373

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2022

Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants and play a potential role in the prevention treatment neurodegenerative diseases (NND) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Parkinson’s (PD) due to their unique physiological functions acting antioxidants, being anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, promoting intestinal health. Since dietary polyphenols exist plant foods form glycosylation or esterification combined with polymers, they need undergo extensive metabolism through phase I II biotransformations by various enzymes, well microbiota before can be fully absorbed. improve disorders influencing structure function microbiota, inducing beneficial bacteria produce variety short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), secretion hormones neurotransmitters, playing an important NND affecting microbe–gut–brain axis. We review ways which some change composition AD PD animal models exert slowing down progression NND, aiming provide evidence for via microbiota–gut–brain (MGB)

Язык: Английский

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Improved Cardiovascular Effects of a Novel Pomegranate Byproduct Extract Obtained through Hydrodynamic Cavitation

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(4), С. 506 - 506

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2024

The healthy properties of pomegranate fruit, a highly consumed food, have been known for long time. However, the supply chain is still rather inefficient, with non-edible fraction, whose weight roughly half total and endowed plenty valuable bioactive compounds, either disposed or underutilized. A novel extract obtained from byproducts (called PPE), using hydrodynamic cavitation, green, efficient, scalable technique, was investigated its cardiovascular effects in vivo. PPE showed efficacy an acute phenylephrine (PE)-induced hypertensive rat model, similar to whole fruit (PFE) same extractive along good intestinal bioaccessibility after oral administration. Finally, when chronically administered 6 weeks spontaneously rats, shown significantly contain increase systolic blood pressure, comparable reference drug Captopril, at dose remarkably lower than reported effective ellagic acid. fraction also anti-inflammation anti-fibrotic effects. findings this study, extraction could contribute enhancing value chain, relieve related environmental burden, potentially improve public health.

Язык: Английский

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Intestinal Barrier Impairment, Preservation, and Repair: An Update

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(20), С. 3494 - 3494

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2024

Our objective was to review published studies of the intestinal barrier and permeability, deleterious effects dietary components (particularly fat), impact altered permeability in disease models human diseases, role microbiome epigenomics control function, opportunities restore normal function with interventions products microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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