Deciphering the biosynthetic pathway of triterpene saponins in Prunella vulgaris

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 121(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

SUMMARY The traditional Chinese medicinal plant Prunella vulgaris contains numerous triterpene saponin metabolites, notably ursolic and oleanolic acid saponins, which have significant pharmacological values. Despite their importance, the genes responsible for synthesizing these saponins in P. remain unidentified. This study used a comprehensive screening methodology, combining phylogenetic analysis, gene expression assessment, metabolome–transcriptome correlation co‐expression to identify candidate involved biosynthesis. Nine – two OSCs, three CYP716s four UGT73s were precisely identified from large families comprising hundreds of members. These subjected heterologous functional characterization, with enzymatic activity assays confirming roles biosynthetic pathway, aligning bioinformatics predictions. Analysis revealed that originated whole‐genome duplication (WGD) event , highlighting potential importance WGD metabolism. addresses knowledge gap biosynthesis establishing theoretical foundation industrial production via synthetic biology. Additionally, we present an efficient methodological protocol integrates evolutionary principles techniques metabolite research. approach holds value studies focused on unraveling various pathways.

Язык: Английский

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Unraveling the specialized metabolic pathways in medicinal plant genomes: a review

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2024

Medicinal plants are important sources of bioactive specialized metabolites with significant therapeutic potential. Advances in multi-omics have accelerated the understanding metabolite biosynthesis and regulation. Genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics each contributed new insights into biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), metabolic pathways, stress responses. However, single-omics approaches often fail to fully address these complex processes. Integrated provides a holistic perspective on key regulatory networks. High-throughput sequencing emerging technologies like single-cell spatial omics deepened our cell-specific spatially resolved dynamics. Despite advancements, challenges remain managing large datasets, standardizing protocols, accounting for dynamic nature metabolism, effectively applying synthetic biology sustainable production. This review highlights recent progress omics-based research medicinal plants, discusses available bioinformatics tools, explores future trends aimed at leveraging integrated improve quality utilization plant resources.

Язык: Английский

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Single-cell RNA sequencing facilitates the elucidation of the complete biosynthesis of the antidepressant hyperforin in St. John’s wort

Molecular Plant, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(9), С. 1439 - 1457

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Multiomics analyses of two Leonurus species illuminate leonurine biosynthesis and its evolution

Molecular Plant, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(1), С. 158 - 177

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Gap-free genome assembly andCYP450gene family analysis reveal the biosynthesis of anthocyanins inScutellaria baicalensis

Horticulture Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(12)

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2023

Abstract Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a member of the Lamiaceae family, is widely utilized medicinal plant. The flavones extracted from S. contribute to numerous health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-tumor activities. However, incomplete genome assembly hinders biological studies on baicalensis. This study presents first telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free through integration Pacbio HiFi, Nanopore ultra-long Hi-C technologies. A total 384.59 Mb size with contig N50 42.44 was obtained, all sequences were anchored into nine pseudochromosomes without any gap or mismatch. In addition, we analysed major cyanidin- delphinidin-based anthocyanins involved in determination blue-purple flower using widely-targeted metabolome approach. Based genome-wide identification Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) gene three genes (SbFBH1, 2, 5) encoding flavonoid 3′-hydroxylases (F3′Hs) one (SbFBH7) 3′5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) found hydroxylate B-ring flavonoids. Our enrich genomic information available for family provide toolkit discovering CYP450 decoration.

Язык: Английский

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Genome-wide identification, stress- and hormone-responsive expression characteristics, and regulatory pattern analysis of Scutellaria baicalensis SbSPLs

Plant Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 114(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024

Abstract SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKEs ( SPLs ) encode plant-specific transcription factors that regulate plant growth and development, stress response, metabolite accumulation. However, there is limited information on Scutellaria baicalensis . In this study, 14 SbSPLs were identified divided into 8 groups based phylogenetic relationships. in the same group had similar structures. Abscisic acid-responsive (ABRE) MYB binding site (MBS) cis-acting elements found promoters of 6 Segmental duplications transposable main causes SbSPL expansion. Expression analysis transcriptional profiling showed SbSPL1 , SbSPL10 SbSPL13 highly expressed roots, stems, flowers, respectively. quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT‒qPCR) most responded to low temperature, drought, abscisic acid (ABA) salicylic (SA), among which expression levels SbSPL7/9/10/12 significantly upregulated response abiotic stress. These results indicate are involved growth, development S. addition, Sba-miR156/157 s identified, SbSPL1-5 was a potential target s. The gene prediction coexpression together indicated may be regulation L-phenylalanine (L-Phe), lignin jasmonic (JA) biosynthesis. summary, identification characterization family lays foundation for functional research provides reference improved breeding resistance quality traits.

Язык: Английский

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Novel Tri-Segmented Rhabdoviruses: A Data Mining Expedition Unveils the Cryptic Diversity of Cytorhabdoviruses

Viruses, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(12), С. 2402 - 2402

Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2023

Cytorhabdoviruses (genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae) are plant-infecting viruses with enveloped, bacilliform virions. Established members of the genus Cytorhabdovirus have unsegmented single-stranded negative-sense RNA genomes (ca. 10–16 kb) which encode four to ten proteins. Here, by exploring large publicly available metatranscriptomics datasets, we report identification and genomic characterization 93 novel genetic evolutionary cues cytorhabdoviruses. Strikingly, five unprecedented tri-segmented were also identified. This finding represents first in Rhabdoviridae, they should be classified a within this for suggest name “Trirhavirus”. Interestingly, nucleocapsid polymerase only typical rhabdoviral proteins encoded those viruses, whereas three them, protein similar emaravirus (family Fimoviridae) silencing suppressor was found, while other predicted had no matches any sequence databases. Genetic distance insights that all these may represent species. Phylogenetic analyses, both previously plant rhabdoviruses, provide compelling support division into distinct genera. proposed reclassification not enhances our understanding dynamics group rhabdoviruses but illuminates remarkable diversity encompass. study significant expansion genomics cytorhabdoviruses will enable future research on peculiarity shows plasticity rhabdovirus genome organization discovery unique trajectory.

Язык: Английский

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Haplotype-resolved genome of Agastache rugosa (Huo Xiang) provides insight into monoterpenoid biosynthesis and gene cluster evolution

Horticulture Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(5)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Abstract Monoterpenoids are small volatile molecules produced by many plants that have applications in consumer products and healthcare. Plants from the mint family (Lamiaceae) prodigious producers of monoterpenoids, including a chemotype Agastache rugosa (Huo Xiang), which produces pulegone isomenthone. We sequenced, assembled annotated haplotype-resolved chromosome-scale genome assembly A. with monoterpene chemotype. This revealed biosynthesis genes biosynthetic gene cluster, shares common origin cluster Schizonepeta tenuifolia. Using phylogenetics synteny analysis, we describe how clusters these two species diverged through inversions duplications. Hi-C identified tentative evidence contact between an array reductases, both regions also enriched retrotransposons. its analysis add valuable novel insights to organization evolution terpenoid Lamiaceae.

Язык: Английский

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Tandem duplication and sub‐functionalization of clerodane diterpene synthase originate the blooming of clerodane diterpenoids in Scutellaria barbata

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 116(2), С. 375 - 388

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2023

Scutellaria barbata is a traditional Chinese herb medicine and major source of bioactive clerodane diterpenoids. However, barely clerodanes have been isolated from the closely related S. baicalensis. Here we assembled chromosome-level genome identified three class II diterpene synthases (SbarKPS1, SbarKPS2 SbaiKPS1) these two organisms. Using in vitro vivo assays, SbarKPS1 was characterized as monofunctional (-)-kolavenyl diphosphate ((-)-KPS), while SbaiKPS1 produced neo-cleroda-4(18),13E-dienyl with small amount (-)-KPP. shared high protein sequence identity formed tandem gene pair, indicating duplication sub-functionalization probably led to evolution (-)-KPS barbata. Additionally, were primarily expressed leaves flowers barbata, which consistent distribution diterpenoids scutebarbatine A B. In contrast, any tissue We further explored downstream I diTPS by functional characterizing SbarKSL3 SbarKSL4. Unfortunately, no dephosphorylated product detected coupled assays SbarKSL3/KSL4 four diTPSs SbarKPS2, SbarCPS2 SbarCPS4) when phosphatase inhibitor cocktail included. Co-expression yeast cells did not increase yield corresponding products, either. Together, findings elucidated involvement biosynthesis likely responsible for subsequent dephosphorylation step.

Язык: Английский

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Chromosome-level genome assembly provides insights into the genome evolution and functional importance of the phenylpropanoid–flavonoid pathway in Thymus mongolicus

BMC Genomics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

Thymus mongolicus (family Lamiaceae) is a Thyme subshrub with strong aroma and remarkable environmental adaptability. Limited genomic information limits the use of this plant.

Язык: Английский

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