Vision Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 160, С. 72 - 81
Опубликована: Май 21, 2019
Язык: Английский
Neuron, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 104(2), С. 205 - 226
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2019
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
239
Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(3), С. 159 - 175
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
22
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 78(3), С. 889 - 907
Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2020
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
133
Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(7), С. 180 - 180
Опубликована: Июль 21, 2020
Light around twilight provides the primary entrainment signal for circadian rhythms. Here we review mechanisms and responses of mouse human systems to light. Both utilize a network photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGCs) expressing photopigment melanopsin (OPN4). In both species action spectra functional expression OPN4 in vitro show that has λmax close 480 nm. Anatomical findings demonstrate there are multiple pRGC sub-types, with some evidence mice, but little humans, regarding their roles regulating physiology behavior. Studies non-human primates rods cones project can modulate light pRGCs. Such an integration signals enables detect dim light, higher intensities intermittent exposure, whilst measures bright over extended periods time. Although photoreceptor similar, sensitivity thresholds differ markedly between mice humans. Mice entrain at approximately 1 lux few minutes, humans require high irradiance (>100's lux) long duration (>30 min). The basis this difference remains unclear. As our exposure is highly dynamic, because interactions complex difficult model, attempts develop evidence-based lighting enhance very challenging. A way forward will be define artificial natural "real world" where intensity, duration, spectral quality, time day, history age each assessed.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
121
Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10(1)
Опубликована: Май 22, 2019
Abstract Detection and discrimination of spatial patterns is thought to originate with photoreception by rods cones. Here, we investigated whether the inner-retinal photoreceptor melanopsin could represent a third origin for form vision. We developed 4-primary visual display capable presenting differing in contrast vs cones, generated spectrally distinct stimuli that were indistinguishable cones (metamers) but presented melanopsin. Healthy observers detect sinusoidal gratings formed these metamers when peripheral retina at low (≤0.8 cpd) temporal (≤0.45 Hz) frequencies, Michelson contrasts ≥14% Metameric became invisible lower light levels (<10 13 photons cm −2 sr −1 s ) are more active. The addition metameric increases altered appearance greyscale representations coarse range everyday images. These data identify as new potential aspects vision humans.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
90
Annual Review of Vision Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(1), С. 135 - 169
Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2022
Retinal circuits transform the pixel representation of photoreceptors into feature representations ganglion cells, whose axons transmit these to brain. Functional, morphological, and transcriptomic surveys have identified more than 40 retinal cell (RGC) types in mice. RGCs extract features varying complexity; some simply signal local differences brightness (i.e., luminance contrast), whereas others detect specific motion trajectories. To understand retina, we need know how give rise diverse RGC representations. A catalog set, turn, is fundamental understanding visual processing Anterograde tracing indicates that innervate 50 areas mouse Current maps connecting brain are rudimentary, as our signals transformed downstream guide behavior. In this article, I review selectivities RGCs, they arise, utilized downstream. Not only knowledge behavioral purpose critical for contributions vision; it can also us most relevant space.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
69
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 62(1), С. 28 - 28
Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2021
Purpose: Exposure to high-intensity or outdoor lighting has been shown decrease the severity of myopia in both human epidemiological studies and animal models. Currently, it is not fully understood how light interacts with visual signaling impact myopia. Previous work performed mouse retina demonstrated that functional rod photoreceptors are needed develop experimentally-induced myopia, alluding an essential role for refractive development. Methods: To determine whether dim rod-dominated illuminance levels influence susceptibility, we housed male C57BL/6J mice under 12:12 light/dark cycles scotopic (1.6 × 10−3 candela/m2), mesopic 101 cd/m2), photopic (4.7 103 cd/m2) from post-natal day 23 (P23) P38. Half received monocular exposure −10 diopter (D) lens defocus P28–38. Molecular assays measure expression content DA-related genes protein were conducted alter dopamine (DA) synthesis, storage, uptake, degradation affect susceptibility mice. Results: We found exposed either developed significantly less severe myopic shifts (lens treated eye minus contralateral eye; –1.62 ± 0.37D −1.74 0.44D, respectively) than (–3.61 0.50D; P < 0.005). The 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid /DA ratio, indicating DA activity, was highest regardless treatment (controls: 0.09 0.011 pg/mg, defocus: 0.08 0.008 pg/mg). Conclusions: Lens interacted ambient conditions differentially proteins. Collectively, these results show protect against lens-induced potentially a broad range important
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
62
Heliyon, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(8), С. e10282 - e10282
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2022
Light is necessary for human health and well-being. As we spend more time indoors, are being increasingly exposed to artificial light. The development of lighting has allowed us control the brightness, colour, timing our light exposure. Yet, widespread use raised concerns about impact altering environment on health. adoption personal digital devices over past decade yet another source We a significant amount using with light-emitting screens, including smartphones tablets, at close range. emitted from these devices, while appearing white, an emission spectrum peak in blue Blue often characterised as hazardous its photon energy higher than that other wavelengths visible Under certain conditions, can cause harm retina ocular structures. also influence circadian rhythm processes mediated by melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. While component sunlight various physiological processes, whether low-illuminance presents risk remains ongoing area debate. technological advancements continue, it relevant understand how new may This review examines existing research safety eye, visual performance, functions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
44
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 72, С. 100760 - 100760
Опубликована: Май 10, 2019
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
72
The Journal of Comparative Neurology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 528(12), С. 2044 - 2067
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2020
Melanopsin ganglion cells have defied convention since their discovery almost 20 years ago. In the following, many types of these intrinsically photosensitive retinal (ipRGCs) emerged. mouse retina, there are currently six known (M1-M6) melanopsin cells, each with unique morphology, mosaics, connections, physiology, projections, and functions. While melanopsin-expressing usually associated behaviors like circadian photoentrainment pupillary light reflex, characterization multiple has demonstrated a reach that may extend far beyond non-image-forming vision. fact, studies shown individual potential to impact image-forming functions contrast sensitivity color opponency. Thus, goal this review is summarize morphological functional aspects in retina highlight respective roles Although cell do project brain targets, it important note only first step determining influence on Even so, visual system canonically been divided into two realms begun challenge boundary between them, providing an overlap information complementary rather than redundant. Further photoreceptors will no doubt continue illustrate ever-expanding role for
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
59