Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2025
Non-shivering
thermogenesis
of
brown
adipose
tissue
(BAT)
is
tightly
controlled
by
neural
innervation.
However,
the
underlying
mechanism
remains
unclear.
Here,
we
reveal
that
BAT
regulates
its
own
thermoadaptive
innervation
crosstalk
with
Schwann
cells
(SCs).
Loss
Olfm4
(encoding
Olfactomedin-4),
a
risk
gene
in
human
obesity,
causes
dysfunction
and
reduces
whole-body
thermogenesis,
predisposing
to
obesity
mice.
Mechanistically,
BAT-derived
OLFM4
traps
Noggin,
an
endogenous
inhibitor
BMPs,
liberating
BMP7-BMPR1B
signaling
promote
SC
differentiation.
Conversely,
loss
reduced
BMP7
mature
SCs,
leading
MEK/ERK-dependent
dedifferentiation
dysfunction,
ultimately
impairing
both
sensory
sympathetic
Thermoneutrality
exposure
expression
BAT,
resulting
similar
phenotype.
MEK/ERK
inhibition,
ERK1
depletion,
or
cold
reverses
this
dedifferentiation,
enhancing
resistance
obesity.
These
findings
suggest
neurotrophic
BAT-SC
controls
Reactivating
may
be
promising
therapeutic
strategy
for
related
metabolic
diseases.
Life,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(2), С. 274 - 274
Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025
Platelets,
traditionally
known
for
their
role
in
hemostasis,
have
emerged
as
key
players
immune
response
and
inflammation.
Sepsis,
a
life-threatening
condition
characterized
by
systemic
inflammation,
often
presents
with
thrombocytopenia,
which
at
times,
can
be
significant.
Platelets
contribute
to
the
inflammatory
interacting
leukocytes,
endothelial
cells,
innate
system.
However,
excessive
platelet
activation
consumption
lead
thrombocytopenia
exacerbate
severity
of
sepsis.
Understanding
multifaceted
roles
platelets
sepsis
is
crucial
developing
effective
therapeutic
strategies.
Targeting
platelet-mediated
responses
promoting
production
may
offer
potential
avenues
improving
outcomes
septic
patients
thrombocytopenia.
Future
research
should
focus
on
elucidating
mechanisms
underlying
dysfunction
exploring
novel
approaches
optimize
function
mitigate
This
review
explores
intricate
relationship
between
platelets,
thrombosis
context
Nature Metabolism,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2025
In
recent
years,
the
gut
microbiota
and
derived
metabolites
have
emerged
as
relevant
players
in
modulating
several
brain
functions,
including
energy
balance
control1-3.
This
form
of
distant
communication
mirrors
that
metabolic
hormones
(for
example,
leptin,
ghrelin),
which
convey
information
about
organism's
status
by
exerting
effects
on
diverse
regions,
master
homeostatic
centre,
hypothalamus4.
However,
whether
hypothalamus
is
also
able
to
influence
composition
remains
enigmatic.
Here
we
present
a
study
designed
unravel
this
challenging
question.
To
aim,
used
chemogenetics5
(to
selectively
activate
or
inhibit
hypothalamic
pro-opiomelanocortin
agouti-related
peptide
neurons)
centrally
administered
leptin
ghrelin
male
mice.
Subsequently,
conducted
analysis
throughout
using
16S
rRNA
gene
sequencing.
Our
results
showed
these
interventions
significantly
changed
an
anatomical
short-term
(2-4
h)
fashion.
Transcriptomic
indicated
changes
were
associated
with
reconfiguration
neuronal
synaptic
pathways
duodenum
concomitant
increased
sympathetic
tone.
Interestingly,
diet-induced
obesity
attenuated
brain-mediated
triggered
communities
activation.
findings
reveal
previously
unanticipated
brain-gut
axis
acutely
attunes
fast
timescales,
potential
implications
for
meal-to-meal
adjustments
systemic
control.
Journal of Neurochemistry,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
165(4), С. 467 - 486
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2023
Abstract
The
discovery
of
leptin
in
1994
was
an
“eureka
moment”
the
field
neurometabolism
that
provided
new
opportunities
to
better
understand
central
control
energy
balance
and
glucose
metabolism.
Rapidly,
a
prevalent
model
emerged
pro‐opiomelanocortin
(POMC)
neurons
were
key
promoting
leptin's
anorexigenic
effects
arcuate
nucleus
hypothalamus
(ARC)
region
for
regulation
homeostasis.
While
this
inspired
many
important
discoveries,
growing
body
literature
indicates
is
now
outdated.
In
review,
we
re‐evaluate
hypothalamic
leptin–melanocortin
light
recent
advances
directly
tackle
previous
assumptions,
with
particular
focus
on
ARC.
We
discuss
how
segregated
heterogeneous
these
are,
examine
development
modern
approaches
allowing
spatiotemporal,
intersectional,
chemogenetic
manipulations
melanocortin
has
allowed
definition
complexity
system.
review
importance
regulating
homeostasis,
but
not
food
intake,
through
direct
actions
ARC
POMC
neurons.
further
highlight
non‐POMC,
GABAergic
mediate
influence
image
Stem Cell Research & Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2024
Inflammation
is
a
key
pathological
feature
of
many
diseases,
disrupting
normal
tissue
structure
and
resulting
in
irreversible
damage.
Despite
the
need
for
effective
inflammation
control,
current
treatments,
including
stem
cell
therapies,
remain
insufficient.
Recently,
extracellular
vesicles
secreted
by
adipose-derived
cells
(ADSC-EVs)
have
garnered
attention
their
significant
anti-inflammatory
properties.
As
carriers
bioactive
substances,
these
demonstrated
potent
capabilities
modulating
promoting
repair
conditions
such
as
rheumatoid
arthritis,
osteoarthritis,
diabetes,
cardiovascular
stroke,
wound
healing.
Consequently,
ADSC-EVs
are
emerging
promising
alternatives
to
conventional
ADSC-based
offering
advantages
reduced
risk
immune
rejection,
enhanced
stability,
ease
storage
handling.
However,
specific
mechanisms
which
regulate
under
not
fully
understood.
This
review
discusses
role
impact
on
disease
prognosis,
potential
promote
repair.
Additionally,
it
provides
insights
into
future
clinical
research
focused
ADSC-EV
therapies
inflammatory
overcome
some
limitations
associated
with
cell-based
therapies.
Skeletal
muscle
plays
a
vital
role
in
the
regulation
of
systemic
metabolism,
partly
through
its
secretion
endocrine
factors
which
are
collectively
known
as
myokines.
Altered
myokine
levels
associated
with
metabolic
diseases,
such
type
2
diabetes
(T2D).
The
significance
interorgan
crosstalk,
particularly
myokines,
has
emerged
fundamental
aspect
nutrient
and
energy
homeostasis.
However,
comprehensive
understanding
biology
setting
obesity
T2D
remains
major
challenge.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
biological
functions
key
myokines
that
have
been
extensively
studied
during
past
two
decades,
namely
interleukin
6
(IL-6),
irisin,
myostatin
(MSTN),
growth
differentiation
factor
11
(GDF11),
fibroblast
21
(FGF21),
apelin,
brain-derived
neurotrophic
(BDNF),
meteorin-like
(Metrnl),
secreted
protein
acidic
rich
cysteine
(SPARC),
β-aminoisobutyric
acid
(BAIBA),
Musclin,
Dickkopf
3
(Dkk3).
Related
to
these,
detail
exercise
expression
together
their
contributions
physiology
disease.
Despite
significant
advancements
research,
many
remain
challenging
measure
accurately
investigate
thoroughly.
Hence,
new
research
techniques
detection
methods
should
be
developed
rigorously
tested.
Therefore,
developing
perspective
on
is
crucial,
will
likely
offer
insights
into
pathophysiological
mechanisms
underlying
may
reveal
novel
targets
for
therapeutic
interventions.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2024
Abstract
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
effects
of
epigallocatechin
gallate
(EGCG)
on
blood
pressure
(BP)
and
autonomic
nervous
system,
indicated
by
5-min
heart
rate
variability
(HRV)
measurement
in
obese
subjects,
determine
correlations
BP
with
metabolic
factors.
In
a
double-blind,
randomized
controlled
trial,
subjects
(n
=
30)
were
randomly
allocated
receive
150
mg
EGCG
15)
or
placebo
twice
day
without
dietary
restrictions.
After
8-week
treatment,
systolic
(SBP),
diastolic
(DBP),
mean
arterial
(MAP)
significantly
decreased,
while
the
low-frequency
(LF)
high-frequency
power
(HF)
ratio
(LF/HF
ratio)
increased
(P
<
0.05
all),
indicating
shift
toward
sympathetic
dominance,
either
directly
indirectly
after
lowering.
SBP
had
positive
obesity
parameters,
leptin,
insulin,
insulin
resistance
but
negative
correlation
sensitivity.
DBP
was
positively
correlated
age
HF
normalized
unit,
negatively
height
LF
ms
2
.
High-density
lipoprotein
cholesterol
(HDL-C)
SBP,
DBP,
MAP
reflecting
its
protective
effect
against
elevated
BP.
conclusion,
treatment
decreased
LF/HF
ratio,
activity,
direct
an
indirect
compensatory
response
following
reduction.
Abstract
Sympathetic
innervation
plays
a
crucial
role
in
maintaining
energy
balance
and
contributes
to
metabolic
pathophysiology.
Recent
evidence
has
begun
uncover
the
landscape
of
sympathetic
projections
sheds
light
on
their
important
functions
activities.
Additionally,
immune
system
long
been
studied
for
its
essential
roles
health
diseases.
In
this
review,
aim
is
provide
an
overview
current
research
progress
regulation
key
organs,
including
pancreas,
liver,
intestine,
adipose
tissues.
particular,
efforts
are
made
highlight
critical
peripheral
nervous
potential
interplay
with
components.
Overall,
it
hoped
underscore
importance
studying
organs
from
comprehensive
interconnected
perspective,
which
will
valuable
insights
into
complex
mechanisms
underlying
may
lead
novel
therapeutic
strategies
