Adversity in childhood is linked to mental and physical health throughout life

BMJ, Год журнала: 2020, Номер unknown, С. m3048 - m3048

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2020

The prevalence of "toxic stress" and huge downstream consequences in disease, suffering, financial costs make prevention early intervention crucial, say Charles A Nelson colleagues

Язык: Английский

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Inflammation in psychiatric disorders: what comes first?

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 1437(1), С. 57 - 67

Опубликована: Май 11, 2018

Abstract Neuropsychiatric disorders (i.e., mood and schizophrenia) inflammation are closely intertwined, possibly powering each other in a bidirectional loop. Depression facilitates inflammatory reactions promotes depression neuropsychiatric disorders. Patients with exhibit all cardinal features of inflammation, including increased circulating levels inducers, activated sensors, mediators targeting tissues. Inflammation may contribute to the pathophysiology clinical progression these Of note, proinflammatory cytokines modulate behavior cognition by reducing brain monoamine levels, activating neuroendocrine responses, promoting excitotoxicity (increased glutamate levels), impairing plasticity. What sources this chronic inflammation? Increasing evidence indicates that changes regulation, metabolism, diet/microbiota, negative health behaviors important triggers inflammation. Finally, recent data indicate early‐life stress is associated overt prior development

Язык: Английский

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Prenatal stress and epigenetics

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 117, С. 198 - 210

Опубликована: Май 18, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Stress Triggers Flare of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children and Adults

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 7

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2019

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic inflammatory characterized by chronic and relapsing manifestations. It noteworthy that the prevalence of IBD gradually increasing in both children adults. Currently, pathogenesis remains to be completely elucidated. believed occur through interactions among genetics, environmental factors, gut microbiota. However, remitting course underlines importance other modifiers, such as psychological stress. Growing evidence from clinical experimental studies suggests stress acts a promoting or factor for IBD. Importantly, recent have reported incidence anxiety depression adults with In this article, we review mechanisms which affects IBD, via impaired intestinal barrier function, disturbance microbiota, dysmotility, immune neuroendocrine dysfunction. With regard adults, provide describe how can affect at various stages. Furthermore, emphasize mental healing discuss value approaches targeting management develop enhanced strategies prevention treatment

Язык: Английский

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Inflammation in the pathogenesis of depression: a disorder of neuroimmune origin

Neuronal Signaling, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7(2)

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2023

Abstract There are several hypotheses concerning the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of major depression, which centre largely around adaptive changes in neuronal transmission and plasticity, neurogenesis, circuit regional connectivity. The immune endocrine systems commonly implicated driving these changes. An intricate interaction stress hormones, innate cells actions soluble mediators immunity within nervous system is described as being associated with symptoms depression. Bridging processes to neurotransmission signalling key cortical limbic brain circuits critical understanding depression a disorder neuroimmune origins. Emergent areas research include growing recognition system, advances neuroimaging techniques mechanistic insights gained from transgenic animals. Elucidation glial–neuronal interactions providing additional avenues into promising research, development clinically relevant disease models discovery novel therapies. This narrative review focuses on molecular cellular that influenced by inflammation stress. aim this provide an overview our current origin, focusing neuroendocrine dysregulation pathophysiology. Advances lie pursuit biomarkers, potential biomarker signatures improve clinical outcomes yet be fully realised. Further investigations expand panels including integration neuroimaging, utilising individual stratify patients more homogenous subpopulations targeting for new treatment approaches will help address unmet need.

Язык: Английский

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Recommendations to maintain immune health in athletes

European Journal of Sport Science, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 18(6), С. 820 - 831

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2018

Abstract Numerous studies over the last 35 years report an increase in upper respiratory infection (URI) symptoms athletes during periods of heavy training and competition. Challenges face such as exercise life stress influence immune function via activation hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis sympathetic nervous system resulting immunoregulatory hormones. Both innate acquired immunity are often reported to decrease transiently hours after exertion, typically 15–70%: prolonged sessions particular have been shown function; potentially providing ‘open window’ for opportunistic infections. Whether observed changes with acute strenuous or account increased susceptibility URI remains contentious. Nevertheless, there is little doubt that hinder athletic competition; underpinning need identify prominent risk factors appropriate countermeasures. Recent identified factors, including: intensified winter; long‐haul travel; low energy availability; high levels psychological anxiety; depression. Given shared pathways effector limbs body's response physical challenges, it logical strain influences illness incidence under training; indeed, anxiety recently modify exercise. This mini‐review provides new insights evidence‐based recommendations coping various challenges encounter on health, exercise; stress; sleep disruption; environmental extremes nutritional deficits.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Luxembourgish population: the CON-VINCE study.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2020, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 18, 2020

BACKGROUND: After the World Health Organization declared outbreak of coronavirus disease to be a public health emergency international concern on January 30, 2020, first SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected in Luxembourg February 29, 2020. Representative population-based data, including asymptomatic individuals for assessing viral spread and immune response were, however, lacking worldwide. METHODS: Using panel-based method, we implemented representative sample Luxembourgish population based age, gender residency testing antibody status order define prevalence irrespective clinical symptoms. Participants were contacted via email fill an online questionnaire before biosampling at local laboratories. All participants provided information related symptoms, epidemiology, socioeconomic psychological assessments underwent biosampling, rRT-PCR serology SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS: We included total 1862 our general population. Of these, 5 had current positive result with rRT-PCR. Four these oligosymptomatic one asymptomatic. Overall found IgG 35 (1.97%), which 11 reported tested by previously showed addition their also IgA. Our data indicate 0.3% active rate 2.15% between 18 79 years age. CONCLUSIONS: residents show low acute infections after 7 weeks confinement present profile indicative more recent infected oligo- or Bi-weekly follow-up visits over next 2 months will inform about a- carriers individual changes profile.

Язык: Английский

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The Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis and Resilience to Developing Anxiety or Depression under Stress

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(4), С. 723 - 723

Опубликована: Март 31, 2021

Episodes of depression and anxiety commonly follow the experience stress, however not everyone who experiences stress develops a mood disorder. Individuals are able to without negative emotional effect considered resilient. Stress-resilience (and its counterpart stress-susceptibility) influenced by several psychological biological factors, including microbiome-gut-brain axis. Emerging research shows that gut microbiota can influence mood, is an important variable in this relationship. Stress alters plausibly could contribute stress-related changes mood. Most reported has been conducted using animal models demonstrates relationship between microbiome The translational evidence from human clinical studies rather limited. In review we examine axis relation resilience.

Язык: Английский

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Love, fear, and the human-animal bond: On adversity and multispecies relationships

Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7, С. 100071 - 100071

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2021

Love and strong social bonds are known buffers in the experience of adversity. Humans often form with non-human animals. The human-animal bond refers to a mutually beneficial dynamic relationship between humans Previous research suggests that pets may promote resilience adversity, but pet can also complicate this very particularly among low-resourced disadvantaged populations. What is role what adversity human animal? In article we outline state on various types sources adversities multispecies households (i.e., families, relationships) consider overarching question. We focus specifically intimate partner violence, housing discrimination, LGBTQ+ identity-based racism, neighborhood disadvantage, economic inequality. then an agenda for future about love, relationships, discuss implications public policy community-based interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Neurostructural traces of early life adversities: A meta-analysis exploring age- and adversity-specific effects

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 135, С. 104589 - 104589

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2022

Язык: Английский

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