Organoids

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2022

Organoids have attracted increasing attention because they are simple tissue-engineered cell-based in vitro models that recapitulate many aspects of the complex structure and function corresponding vivo tissue. They can be dissected interrogated for fundamental mechanistic studies on development, regeneration, repair human tissues. also used diagnostics, disease modeling, drug discovery, personalized medicine. derived from either pluripotent or tissue-resident stem (embryonic adult) progenitor differentiated cells healthy diseased tissues, such as tumors. To date, numerous organoid engineering strategies support culture growth, proliferation, differentiation maturation been reported. This Primer serves to highlight rationale underlying selection development these materials methods control cellular/tissue niche; therefore, engineered organoid. We discuss key considerations generating robust organoids, those related cell isolation seeding, matrix soluble factor selection, physical cues integration. The general standards data quality, reproducibility deposition within community is outlined. Lastly, we conclude by elaborating limitations organoids different applications, priorities coming years.

Язык: Английский

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Volumetric Bioprinting of Organoids and Optically Tuned Hydrogels to Build Liver‐Like Metabolic Biofactories

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 34(15)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022

Organ- and tissue-level biological functions are intimately linked to microscale cell-cell interactions the overarching tissue architecture. Together, biofabrication organoid technologies offer unique potential engineer multi-scale living constructs, with cellular microenvironments formed by stem cell self-assembled structures embedded in customizable bioprinted geometries. This study introduces volumetric bioprinting of complex organoid-laden which capture key human liver. Volumetric via optical tomography shapes gelatin hydrogels into centimeter-scale 3D under 20 s. Optically tuned bioresins enable refractive index matching specific intracellular structures, countering disruptive impact cell-mediated light scattering on printing resolution. layerless, nozzle-free technique poses no harmful mechanical stresses organoids, resulting superior viability morphology preservation post-printing. Bioprinted organoids undergo hepatocytic differentiation showing albumin synthesis, liver-specific enzyme activity, remarkably acquired native-like polarization. Organoids within low stiffness gelatins (<2 kPa) mathematically defined lattices varying degrees pore network tortuosity, cultured perfusion. These act as metabolic biofactories ammonia detoxification can be enhanced architectural profile constructs. technology opens up new possibilities for regenerative medicine personalized drug testing.

Язык: Английский

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iPSC-based disease modeling and drug discovery in cardinal neurodegenerative disorders

Cell stem cell, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 29(2), С. 189 - 208

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Human organoids: New strategies and methods for analyzing human development and disease

Cell, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 185(15), С. 2756 - 2769

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2022

For decades, insight into fundamental principles of human biology and disease has been obtained primarily by experiments in animal models. While this allowed researchers to understand many biological processes great detail, some developmental mechanisms have proven difficult study due inherent species differences. The advent organoid technology more than 10 years ago established laboratory-grown organ tissues as an additional model system recapitulate human-specific aspects biology. use 3D organoids, well other advances single-cell technologies, revealed unprecedented insights mechanisms, especially those that distinguish humans from species. This review highlights novel with a focus on how generated better understanding development disease.

Язык: Английский

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Chronic hepatitis E: Advancing research and patient care

Journal of Hepatology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 77(4), С. 1109 - 1123

Опубликована: Май 21, 2022

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) was initially thought to exclusively cause acute hepatitis. However, the first diagnosis of chronic in transplant recipients 2008 profoundly changed our understanding this pathogen. We have now begun understand that specific HEV genotypes can infection certain immunocompromised populations. Over past decade, dedicated clinical and experimental research has substantiated knowledge on epidemiology, transmission routes, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis, features treatment infection. Nevertheless, many gaps major challenges remain, particularly regarding translation into disease prevention improvement outcomes. This article aims highlight latest developments management E. More importantly, we attempt identify discuss strategies for further advancing both patient care.

Язык: Английский

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Progress in multicellular human cardiac organoids for clinical applications

Cell stem cell, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 29(4), С. 503 - 514

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Single-cell atlas of human liver development reveals pathways directing hepatic cell fates

Nature Cell Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 24(10), С. 1487 - 1498

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Human pluripotent-stem-cell-derived organoids for drug discovery and evaluation

Cell stem cell, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(5), С. 571 - 591

Опубликована: Май 1, 2023

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and three-dimensional organoids have ushered in a new era for disease modeling drug discovery. Over the past decade, significant progress has been deriving functional from hPSCs, which applied to recapitulate phenotypes. In addition, these advancements extended application of hPSCs screening clinical-trial safety evaluations. This review provides an overview achievements challenges using hPSC-derived conduct relevant high-throughput, high-contentscreens evaluation. These studies greatly enhanced our knowledge toolbox precision medicine.

Язык: Английский

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A platform for efficient establishment and drug-response profiling of high-grade serous ovarian cancer organoids

Developmental Cell, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 58(12), С. 1106 - 1121.e7

Опубликована: Май 5, 2023

The broad research use of organoids from high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) has been hampered by low culture success rates and limited availability fresh tumor material. Here, we describe a method for generation long-term expansion HGSC with efficacy markedly improved over previous reports (53% vs. 23%-38%). We established cryopreserved material, demonstrating the feasibility using viably biobanked tissue organoid derivation. Genomic, histologic, single-cell transcriptomic analyses revealed that recapitulated genetic phenotypic features original tumors. Organoid drug responses correlated clinical treatment outcomes, although in conditions-dependent manner only maintained human plasma-like medium (HPLM). Organoids consenting patients are available to community through public biobank genomic data explorable an interactive online tool. Taken together, this resource facilitates application basic translational research.

Язык: Английский

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Towards a better understanding of diabetes mellitus using organoid models

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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