Crossmodal plasticity in hearing loss

Trends in Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 46(5), С. 377 - 393

Опубликована: Март 27, 2023

Crossmodal plasticity is a textbook example of the ability brain to reorganize based on use. We review evidence from auditory system showing that such reorganization has significant limits, dependent pre-existing circuitry and top-down interactions, extensive often absent. argue does not support hypothesis crossmodal responsible for closing critical periods in deafness, instead represents neuronal process dynamically adaptable. evaluate changes both developmental adult-onset which start as early mild-moderate hearing loss show reversibility when restored. Finally, appear affect preconditions successful restoration. Given its dynamic versatile nature, we describe how this can be exploited improving clinical outcomes after neurosensory

Язык: Английский

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Molecularly targetable cell types in mouse visual cortex have distinguishable prediction error responses

Neuron, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 111(18), С. 2918 - 2928.e8

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023

Predictive processing postulates the existence of prediction error neurons in cortex. Neurons with both negative and positive response properties have been identified layer 2/3 visual cortex, but whether they correspond to transcriptionally defined subpopulations is unclear. Here we used activity-dependent, photoconvertible marker CaMPARI2 tag mouse cortex during stimuli behaviors designed evoke errors. We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing on these populations found that previously annotated Adamts2 Rrad transcriptional cell types were enriched when photolabeling drive or responses, respectively. Finally, validated results functionally by designing artificial promoters for use AAV vectors express genetically encoded calcium indicators. Thus, distinct can be targeted using exhibit distinguishable responses.

Язык: Английский

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How deep is the brain? The shallow brain hypothesis

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(12), С. 778 - 791

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2023

Язык: Английский

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The locus coeruleus as a global model failure system

Trends in Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 47(2), С. 92 - 105

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2023

Predictive processing models posit that brains constantly attempt to predict their sensory inputs. Prediction errors signal when these predictions are incorrect and thought be instructive signals drive corrective plasticity. Recent findings support the idea locus coeruleus (LC) - a brain-wide neuromodulatory system several types of prediction error. I discuss how proposing LC global model failures: instances where about world strongly violated. Focusing on cortex, explore utility this in learning rate control, circuit may compute signal, view aid our understanding neurodivergence.

Язык: Английский

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Neuromodulatory control of complex adaptive dynamics in the brain

Interface Focus, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(3)

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2023

How is the massive dimensionality and complexity of microscopic constituents nervous system brought under sufficiently tight control so as to coordinate adaptive behaviour? A powerful means for striking this balance poise neurons close critical point a phase transition, at which small change in neuronal excitability can manifest nonlinear augmentation activity. brain could mediate transition key open question neuroscience. Here, I propose that different arms ascending arousal provide with diverse set heterogeneous parameters be used modulate receptivity target neurons-in other words, act mediating order. Through series worked examples, demonstrate how neuromodulatory interact inherent topological subsystems complex behaviour.

Язык: Английский

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Leveraging dendritic properties to advance machine learning and neuro-inspired computing

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 85, С. 102853 - 102853

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2024

The brain is a remarkably capable and efficient system. It can process store huge amounts of noisy unstructured information using minimal energy. In contrast, current artificial intelligence (AI) systems require vast resources for training while still struggling to compete in tasks that are trivial biological agents. Thus, brain-inspired engineering has emerged as promising new avenue designing sustainable, next-generation AI systems. Here, we describe how dendritic mechanisms neurons have inspired innovative solutions significant problems, including credit assignment multilayer networks, catastrophic forgetting, high energy consumption. These findings provide exciting alternatives existing architectures, showing research pave the way building more powerful energy-efficient learning

Язык: Английский

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Predictive coding networks for temporal prediction

PLoS Computational Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(4), С. e1011183 - e1011183

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

One of the key problems brain faces is inferring state world from a sequence dynamically changing stimuli, and it not yet clear how sensory system achieves this task. A well-established computational framework for describing perceptual processes in provided by theory predictive coding. Although original proposals coding have discussed temporal prediction, later work developing mostly focused on static questions neural implementation properties networks remain open. Here, we address these present formulation model that can be naturally implemented recurrent networks, which activity dynamics rely only local inputs to neurons, learning utilises Hebbian plasticity. Additionally, show approximate performance Kalman filter predicting behaviour linear systems, behave as variant does track its own subjective posterior variance. Importantly, achieve similar accuracy without performing complex mathematical operations, but just employing simple computations biological networks. Moreover, when trained with natural dynamic inputs, found produce Gabor-like, motion-sensitive receptive fields resembling those observed real neurons visual areas. In addition, demonstrate effectively generalized nonlinear systems. Overall, models presented paper biologically plausible circuits predict future stimuli may guide research understanding specific areas involved prediction.

Язык: Английский

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Omission responses in local field potentials in rat auditory cortex

BMC Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Май 30, 2023

Non-invasive recordings of gross neural activity in humans often show responses to omitted stimuli steady trains identical stimuli. This has been taken as evidence for the coding prediction or error. However, such omission from invasive cellular-scale animal models is scarce. Here, we sought characterise using extracellular auditory cortex anaesthetised rats. We profiled across local field potentials (LFP), analogue multiunit (AMUA), and single/multi-unit spiking activity, that were fixed-rate acoustic noise bursts where 5% randomly omitted.

Язык: Английский

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Cellular mechanisms of cooperative context-sensitive predictive inference

Current Research in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6, С. 100129 - 100129

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

We argue that prediction success maximization is a basic objective of cognition and cortex, it compatible with but distinct from error minimization, neither requires subtractive coding, there clear neurobiological evidence for the amplification predicted signals, we are unconvinced by proposed in support coding. outline recent discoveries showing pyramidal cells on which our cognitive capabilities depend usually transmit information about input to their basal dendrites amplify transmission when distal apical provides context agrees feedforward both depolarizing, i.e., excitatory rather than inhibitory. Though these intracellular require level technical expertise beyond current abilities most neuroscience labs, they not controversial acclaimed as groundbreaking. note this cellular cooperative context-sensitivity greatly enhances mammalian neocortex, much remains be discovered concerning its evolution, development, pathology.

Язык: Английский

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Supralinear dendritic integration in murine dendrite-targeting interneurons

eLife, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Non-linear summation of synaptic inputs to the dendrites pyramidal neurons has been proposed increase computation capacity through coincidence detection, signal amplification, and additional logic operations such as XOR. Supralinear dendritic integration documented extensively in principal neurons, mediated by several voltage-dependent conductances. It also reported parvalbumin-positive hippocampal basket cells, innervated feedback excitatory synapses. Whether other interneurons, which support feed-forward or inhibition neuron dendrites, exhibit local non-linear excitation is not known. Here, we use patch-clamp electrophysiology, two-photon calcium imaging glutamate uncaging, show that supralinear near-synchronous spatially clustered glutamate-receptor depolarization occurs NDNF-positive neurogliaform cells oriens-lacunosum moleculare interneurons mouse hippocampus. was detected via recordings somatic depolarizations elicited uncaging on fragments, and, concurrent transients. Supralinearity abolished blocking NMDA receptors (NMDARs) but resisted blockade voltage-gated sodium channels. Blocking L-type channels signalling only had a minor effect voltage supralinearity. Dendritic boosting signals argues for previously unappreciated computational complexity dendrite-projecting inhibitory

Язык: Английский

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