Biomarker Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2024
Platelets
are
essential
for
blood
clotting
and
maintaining
normal
hemostasis.
In
pathological
conditions,
platelets
increasingly
recognized
as
crucial
regulatory
factors
in
various
immune-mediated
inflammatory
diseases.
Resting
induced
by
such
immune
complexes
through
Fc
receptors,
platelet-targeting
autoantibodies
other
platelet-activating
stimuli.
Platelet
activation
immunological
processes
involves
the
release
of
stimuli,
antigen
presentation
interaction
with
cells.
participate
both
innate
system
(neutrophils,
monocytes/macrophages,
dendritic
cells
(DCs)
Natural
Killer
(NK)
adaptive
(T
B
cells).
Clinical
therapeutic
strategies
include
targeting
platelet
activation,
platelet-immune
cell
platelet-endothelial
interaction,
which
display
positive
development
prospects.
Understanding
mechanisms
immunity
is
important,
developing
targeted
modulations
these
will
pave
way
promising
strategies.
Neutrophil
extracellular
traps
(NETs)
are
unique
fibrous
structures
released
by
neutrophils
in
response
to
various
pathogens,
exhibiting
both
anti-inflammatory
and
proinflammatory
effects.
In
autoimmune
conditions,
NETs
serve
as
crucial
self-antigens
triggering
inflammatory
cascades
activating
the
inflammasome
complement
systems,
disrupting
self-tolerance
mechanisms
accelerating
responses.
Furthermore,
play
a
pivotal
role
modulating
immune
cell
activation,
affecting
adaptive
This
review
outlines
intricate
relationship
between
diseases,
including
arthritis,
systemic
Behçet's
disease,
lupus
erythematosus,
kidney
skin
sclerosis,
vasculitis,
gouty
arthritis.
It
highlights
potential
of
targeting
therapeutic
strategy
diseases.
By
examining
dynamic
balance
NET
formation
clearance
this
offers
critical
insights
theoretical
foundation
for
future
research
on
NET-related
mechanisms.
Advances
systems
biology,
flow
cytometry,
single-cell
multiomics
sequencing
have
provided
valuable
tools
exploring
molecular
NETs.
These
advancements
renewed
focus
offering
promising
avenues
further
investigation
into
their
clinical
implications.
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 12, 2025
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
convey
complex
signals
between
cells
that
can
be
used
to
promote
neuronal
plasticity
and
neurological
recovery
in
brain
disease
models.
These
EV
are
multimodal
context-dependent,
making
them
unique
therapeutic
principles.
This
review
analyzes
how
EVs
released
from
various
cell
sources
control
metabolic
function,
survival
plasticity.
Preferential
sites
of
communication
the
interfaces
pre-
postsynaptic
neurons
at
synapses,
astrocytes
plasma
membranes
or
tripartite
oligodendrocytes
axons,
microglial
cells/macrophages
neurons,
cerebral
microvascular
neurons.
At
each
these
interfaces,
support
mitochondrial
function
metabolism
under
physiological
conditions
orchestrate
response
injury.
In
injured
brain,
promotion
by
is
tightly
linked
with
actions
on
metabolism,
oxidative
stress
immune
responses.
Via
stabilization
balance,
responses
activated
functional
induced.
As
such,
lay
ground
for
Alcohol Clinical and Experimental Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 16, 2025
Abstract
Heavy
alcohol
consumption
is
implicated
in
the
alteration
of
antimicrobial
function
neutrophils,
such
as
phagocytosis,
chemotaxis,
formation
neutrophil
extracellular
traps
(NETs),
and
occurrence
NETosis.
NETosis
an
endogenous
process
elimination
invading
microbes,
autoantibodies,
inflammatory
elements
danger‐associated
molecular
patterns
(DAMPs)
pathogen‐associated
(PAMPs).
However,
both
exaggeration
suppression
modulate
normal
physiological
metabolic
processes
by
influencing
events
at
cellular
levels.
Recent
research
shows
that
binge
induces
NETosis,
leading
to
tissue
damage
inflammation.
Binge
consumption,
chronic
intake,
use
disorder
(AUD)
can
affect
immunity
often
lead
alcohol‐associated
liver
disease
(ALD)
and/or
other
organ
damage.
Alcohol
detrimental
consequences
multiple
organs,
including
brain,
liver,
pancreas,
gut.
Gut‐derived
microbial
substances,
endotoxins
circulation,
induce
systemic
Sterile
danger
signals
from
damaged
cells,
cytokines,
prostaglandins
act
proinflammatory
stimuli
are
involved
signaling
pathways.
The
alcohol‐induced
cytokines
chemoattract
which
interact
coordinate
with
immune
cells
exaggerate
or
suppress
inflammation
within
milieu,
depending
on
effects.
Several
proteins,
different
receptors,
play
important
roles
activation
NETs
well
initiation
execution
This
review
article
specifically
gathers
current
information
its
biological
components,
pathways
relating
associated
ALD
AUD
multiorgans,
We
also
briefly
describe
various
therapeutic
strategies
against
AUD‐associated
experimental
models
human
states.
BMC Infectious Diseases,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
24(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2024
Nocardia,
a
rare
but
potentially
fatal
pathogen,
can
induce
systemic
infections
with
diverse
manifestations.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
tissue
and
organ
damage
caused
by
Nocardia
farcinica
(N.
farcinica)
in
mice
via
different
infection
routes,
evaluate
resulting
host
immune
responses,
assess
its
invasiveness
brain
tissue.
Neurology and Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(2), С. 475 - 495
Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2024
No
evidence
has
established
a
direct
causal
relationship
between
early
microcirculation
disturbance
after
aneurysmal
subarachnoid
hemorrhage
(aSAH)
and
neurological
function
prognosis,
which
is
the
key
pathophysiological
mechanism
of
brain
injury
(EBI)
in
patients
with
aSAH.
A
total
252
aSAH
were
enrolled
Neurosurgical
Intensive
Care
Unit
Southwest
Hospital
January
2020
December
2022
divided
into
no
deterioration,
delayed
deterioration
groups.
Indicators
disorders
EBI
included
regional
cerebral
oxygen
saturation
(rSO2)
measured
by
near-infrared
spectroscopy
(NIRS),
monitoring,
other
clinical
parameters
for
evaluating
determining
prognosis
Our
data
suggest
that
rSO2
generally
lower
who
develop
than
those
do
not
there
at
least
one
time
point
population
where
left
right
hemisphere
differences
can
be
significantly
monitored
NIRS.
An
unordered
multiple-classification
logistic
regression
model
was
constructed,
results
revealed
multiple
factors
effective
predictors
deterioration:
reoperation,
history
surgery,
World
Federation
Societies
(WFNS)
grade
4-5,
Fisher
3-4,
SAFIRE
3-5,
abnormal
serum
sodium
potassium
levels,
reduced
during
perioperative
period.
However,
aSAH,
only
surgery
RBC
count
predictive
indicators.
The
concentration
without
via
further
studies
are
needed
to
determine
role
neurocritical
management
as
these
reduce
incidence
adverse
outcomes
mortality
hospitalization.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2024
Abstract
Objective
This
study
investigates
the
potential
of
blood
biomarkers
in
early
diagnosis
glaucoma,
focusing
on
erythrocyte
osmotic
fragility
(EOF)
as
a
novel
indicator.
We
used
Least
Absolute
Shrinkage
and
Selection
Operator
(LASSO)
regression
to
evaluate
EOF’s
predictive
utility
for
glaucoma
diagnosis.
Methods
included
195
confirmed
patients
an
equal
number
age-
sex-matched
healthy
controls.
Blood
samples
were
analyzed
various
parameters,
including
white
cell
count,
neutrophil
red
(RBC)
EOF.
Key
differential
markers
identified,
model
was
constructed
using
LASSO
models.
Results
analysis
identified
HCT,
NEUT,
LYMPH,
MCV,
MCHC,
EOF
critical
discriminating
from
Incorporating
into
significantly
enhanced
its
performance,
with
showing
positive
correlation
likelihood
glaucoma.
Conclusions
is
promising
biomarker
Combining
other
improves
accuracy
