Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), Год журнала: 2024, Номер 159(2)
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Genome Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(2), С. 161 - 178
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024
Centromeres are essential regions of eukaryotic chromosomes responsible for the formation kinetochore complexes, which connect to spindle microtubules during cell division. Notably, although centromeres maintain a conserved function in chromosome segregation, underlying DNA sequences diverse both within and between species predominantly repetitive nature. The repeat content includes high-copy tandem repeats (satellites), and/or specific families transposons. functional region centromere is defined by loading histone 3 variant (CENH3), nucleates shows dynamic regulation. In many plants, composed satellite arrays that densely methylated invaded centrophilic retrotransposons. some cases, retrotransposons become sites CENH3 loading. We review structure plant centromeres, including monocentric, holocentric, metapolycentric architectures, vary number distribution attachment along chromosomes. discuss how variation can drive genome elimination early divisions embryogenesis. epigenetic state may influence identity evolutionary models seek explain paradoxically rapid change observed across species, potential roles recombination. outline putative modes selection could act as well role driving cycles evolution. Although our primary focus on genomes, we draw comparisons with animal fungal derive eukaryote-wide perspective function.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
30
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 195(3), С. 2111 - 2128
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
Abstract For successful double fertilization in flowering plants (angiosperms), pollen tubes deliver 2 nonmotile sperm cells toward female gametes (egg and central cell, respectively). Heatwaves, especially during the reproduction period, threaten male gametophyte (pollen) development, resulting severe yield losses. Using maize (Zea mays) as a crop grass model system, we found strong seed set reduction when moderate heat stress was applied for d uni- bicellular stages of development. We show that accelerates development impairs germination capabilities at unicellular stage. Heat stage cell transport into tubes. To understand course latter defects, used marker lines analyzed transcriptomes isolated cells. affected expression genes associated with transcription, RNA processing translation, DNA replication, cycle. This included encoding centromeric histone 3 (CENH3) α-tubulin. Most were misregulated encode proteins involved transition from metaphase to anaphase mitosis II. also activated spindle assembly check point meta- In summary, misregulation identified results defects ultimately leading sterility.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
14
Nature Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(5), С. 699 - 705
Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
20
Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14
Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023
The increment in global temperature reduces crop productivity, which turn threatens food security. Currently, most of our supply is produced by plants and the human population estimated to reach 9 billion 2050. Gaining insights into how navigate heat stress their reproductive phase essential for effectively overseeing future agricultural productivity. success numerous plant species can be jeopardized just one exceptionally hot day. While effects on seedlings germination root development have been extensively investigated, studies reproduction are limited. intricate processes gamete fertilization unfold within a brief timeframe, largely concealed flower. Nonetheless, known important reproduction. Considering that typically affects both male female structures concurrently, it remains crucial identify cultivars with thermotolerance. In such cultivars, ovules pollen successfully undergo despite challenges posed stress, enabling completion process resulting robust seed yield. Hereby, we review current understanding molecular mechanisms underlying resistance abiotic focusing model systems Arabidopsis Oryza sativa.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
19
New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 241(2), С. 541 - 552
Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2023
Summary Spontaneous chromosomal rearrangements (CRs) play an essential role in speciation, genome evolution and crop domestication. To be able to use the potential of CRs for breeding, plant chromosome engineering was initiated by fragmenting chromosomes X‐ray irradiation. With rise CRISPR/Cas system, it became possible induce double‐strand breaks (DSBs) a highly efficient manner at will any position. This has enabled completely new level predesigned engineering. The genetic linkage between specific genes can broken inducing translocations. Natural inversions, which suppress exchange, reverted breeding. In addition, various approaches constructing minichromosomes downsizing regular standard A or supernumerary B chromosomes, could serve as future vectors biotechnology, have been developed. Recently, functional synthetic centromere constructed. Also, different ways haploidization set up, some based on manipulations. future, we expect see even more complex rearrangements, combined with previously developed technologies such recombinases. Chromosome might help redefine groups, change number stack beneficial mini cargo up isolation avoid outcrossing.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
17
Plant Reproduction, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 36(2), С. 147 - 155
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
14
New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 241(5), С. 1936 - 1949
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024
Summary In planta haploid induction (HI), which reduces the chromosome number in progeny after fertilization, has garnered increasing attention for its significant potential crop breeding and genetic research. Despite identification of several natural synthetic HI systems different plant species, molecular cellular mechanisms underlying these remain largely unknown. This review synthesizes current understanding plants (with a focus on genes involved), including interactions orchestrate process. As most can function across taxonomic boundaries, we particularly discuss evidence conserved These include involved preserving chromosomal integrity, centromere function, gamete communication and/or fusion, maintenance karyogamy. While discoveries advances inducer have arisen over past decades, underscore gaps deliberate directions further research more comprehensive vivo processes plants.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 245(5), С. 1879 - 1886
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025
Summary Karyotype changes are a formidable evolutionary force by directly impacting cross‐incompatibility, gene dosage, genetic linkage, chromosome segregation, and meiotic recombination landscape. These often arise spontaneously commonly detected within plant lineages, even between closely related accessions. One element that can influence drastic karyotype after only one (or few) generations is the alteration of centromere position, number, distribution, or its strength. Here, we briefly explore how these different configurations result in rearrangements, reproduction recombination.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024
Abstract Haploid induction (HI) holds great promise in expediting the breeding process onion, a biennial cross-pollinated crop. We used CENH3-based genome elimination technique producing HI line onion. Here, we downregulated AcCENH3 using RNAi approach without complementation five independent lines. Out of events, only three could produce seeds upon selfing. The progenies showed poor seed set and segregation distortion, were unable to recover homozygous knockdown lines decrease accumulation transcript protein leaf tissue. content transgenic plants was correlated with set. When heterozygous crossed wild-type plants, by parental chromosomes from efficiency observed between 0 4.63% it highest (4.63%) when E1 wildtype. Given importance doubled haploids programmes, findings our study are poised significantly impact onion breeding.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 82, С. 102101 - 102101
Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
10