Measurement invariance of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) across four European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic

BMC Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2022

Abstract Background The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) are self-report measures of major depressive disorder generalised anxiety disorder. primary aim this study was to test for differential item functioning (DIF) on the PHQ-9 GAD-7 items based age, sex (males females), country. Method Data from nationally representative surveys in UK, Ireland, Spain, Italy (combined N = 6,054) were used fit confirmatory factor analytic multiple-indictor multiple-causes models. Results Spain had higher latent variable means than UK Ireland both depression, but there no evidence functioning. Conclusions scores found be unidimensional, reliable, largely free DIF data four large samples general population Spain.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 and common mental health symptoms in the early phase of the pandemic: An umbrella review of the evidence

PLoS Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(4), С. e1004206 - e1004206

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2023

Background There remains uncertainty about the impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mental health. This umbrella review provides a comprehensive overview association between and common disorders. We qualitatively summarized evidence from reviews with meta-analyses individual study-data in general population, healthcare workers, specific at-risk populations. Methods findings A systematic search was carried out 5 databases for peer-reviewed prevalence depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms during published December 31, until August 12, 2022. identified 123 which 7 provided standardized mean differences (SMDs) either longitudinal pre- to or cross-sectional compared matched pre-pandemic data. Methodological quality rated Assessment Multiple Systematic Reviews checklist scores (AMSTAR 2) instrument generally low moderate. Small but significant increases and/or health were reported people preexisting physical conditions, children (3 reviews; SMDs ranged 0.11 0.28). Mental depression significantly increased periods social restrictions (1 review; 0.41 0.83, respectively) anxiety did not (SMD: 0.26). Increases larger longer-lasting 0.16 0.23) than those (2 reviews: 0.12 0.18). Females showed increase males review: SMD 0.15). In disorders, any patient group, adolescents, students, no found SMD’s ranging −0.16 0.48). 116 pooled rates PTSD 9% 48% across Although heterogeneity studies high largely unexplained, assessment tools cut-offs used, age, sex gender, COVID-19 exposure factors be moderators some reviews. The major limitations are inability quantify explain included shortage within-person data multiple studies. Conclusions small consistent deterioration particularly early has been population chronic somatic Also, associations stronger females younger age groups others. Explanatory individual-level, exposure, time-course scarce inconsistencies For policy research, repeated assessments panels including vulnerable individuals recommended respond current future crises.

Язык: Английский

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Post-infection depressive, anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptoms: A prospective cohort study in patients with mild COVID-19

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 111, С. 110341 - 110341

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Mental Health Among Medical Students During COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Май 10, 2022

The mental health of medical students is an issue worthy attention, especially during COVID-19. Many studies have shown that depression and anxiety are the main problems faced by students. To assess pooled prevalence among worldwide, we conducted this meta-analysis.According to PRISMA, used a computerized strategy search in EMBASE, PubMed, PsycArticles, Web Science, China Biology Medicine disc. was calculated random-effects model. Heterogeneity explored subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis publication bias were also carried out meta-analysis.Of 1316 studies, 41 selected based on 36608 37.9% (95% CI: 30.7-45.4%), 33.7% 26.8-41.1%). varied gender, country, continent.The data reported COVID-19 relatively higher than those general population healthcare workers. impact how protect needed determine through further research.[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021274015], identifier [CRD42021274015].

Язык: Английский

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The next pandemic: impact of COVID-19 in mental healthcare assistance in a nationwide epidemiological study

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 4, С. 100061 - 100061

Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2021

Studies have reported the worsening of psychiatric symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic. However, few studies evaluated impact on access to mental health services COVID-19. Our aim was analyze temporal trends and prediction appointments held in Brazil's public system, compare observed expected number healthcare pandemics.An ecological time-series study performed, analyzing before pandemic (from 2016 2020) from Brazilian governmental database. The structural break data series assessed using Chow test, with considered March 2020. Bayesian models were used estimate current average predicted expectation if there no pandemic.Compared expected, between August 2020 about 28% less outpatient observed, totaling 471,448 individuals suspended assistance. Group hospitalizations also severely impacted by (decreased 68% 33%, respectively). On other hand, emergency consultations home care increased this period (36% 52%, respectively).Our findings demonstrate a dramatic change assistance pandemic, which corroborates recent WHO survey. This phenomenon can aggravate crisis generate parallel that may last for longer time than pandemic.This financed part Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento Pessoal Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) Finance Code 001.

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the prevalence of anxiety and depression during the first COVID‐19 lockdown in the United Kingdom: Systematic review and meta‐analyses

British Journal of Clinical Psychology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 61(3), С. 757 - 780

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2022

Background The COVID‐19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health. Specifically, the stringent lockdown restrictions have heightened anxiety and depression. Therefore, monitoring supporting health of population during these unprecedented times is an immediate priority. Methods In this systematic review meta‐analyses, articles that explored prevalence depression first in United Kingdom were included. We searched databases Embase, Medline (PubMed), Web Science, PsycINFO for cross‐sectional studies. conducted meta‐analyses rates using random‐effects model, heterogeneity studies was examined I 2 index. Results Fourteen involving 46,158 participants included review. use clinical cut‐off scores measures to define cases. While 31.00% (95% CI = 26.00 35.00), 32.00% 29.00 35.00). pre‐pandemic 4.65%, indicating 26.35% increase. Whereas 4.12%, 27.88% Moreover, experienced slightly greater than by 1.00%. Conclusions To conclude, increased among general population, compared data. Hence, it vital policymakers services maximize their efforts monitor provide interventions support those need. Practitioner points Clinical implications Awareness high can inform policy development substantial effort, time, funding are required Similarly, awareness contribute nation‐specific initiatives. Limitations current focuses UK which does not allow findings be generalized global population. indirect comparison with corresponding obtained from different study sample increases individual differences, weakening reliability findings.

Язык: Английский

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The impact of exercise on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2023

Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a global surge in mental health challenges. This study (PROSPERO CRD42023443860) aimed to investigate impact of exercise on individuals' through systematic evaluation and meta-analysis develop scientific program.We systematically searched literature up August 2023 using PubMed, Web Science, SCOPUS. The Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool gaged methodological quality included literature.Among initially identified 10,343 search records, 12 studies were deemed meet criteria for review meta-analysis. Exercise significantly improved anxiety (SMD -0.81, 95% CI -1.10 -0.52, p < 0.00001), depression (-1.02, -1.42 -0.62, = 0.0001), stress (-1.05, -1.33 -0.78, life (1.11, 0.81 1.41, 0.00001). Subgroup analyzes indicated that single session lasting 30-40 min had most pronounced effect reducing (-1.29, -1.12 -0.86, 0.00001) (-1.76, -2.24 -1.28, Similarly, an frequency 3-5 times per week yielded greatest benefits (-1.31, -2.15 -0.46, (-1.27, -2.11 -0.41, 0.0003). Notably, exhibited its significant improvement 40-64 age group (-1.32, -1.78 Moreover, notably enhanced levels among individuals middle upper-income brackets (-0.99, -1.11 -0.87, 0.00001).Exercise alleviated disorders, depression, levels, during pandemic. is achieved by engaging sessions, week.

Язык: Английский

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Awake and Sleep Bruxism Prevalence and Their Associated Psychological Factors in First-Year University Students: A Pre-Mid-Post COVID-19 Pandemic Comparison

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(3), С. 2452 - 2452

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2023

There is a broad consensus accepting that psychological variables such as stress, anxiety, or depression play an important role in bruxism. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increase and levels. purpose of this study was evaluate the impact on possible awake sleep bruxism prevalence factors associated with bruxism, comparing pre-pandemic, pandemic/lockdown, post-pandemic samples first-year students. A total 274 dentistry students from Complutense University Madrid participated study: 92 2018/2019 (pre-pandemic), 90 2020/2021 (pandemic), 2021/2022 (post-pandemic) academic years. participants filled out thorough battery validated questionnaires evaluating different characteristics, depression, somatization, personality, stress coping styles. While significantly higher for group, smaller comparison pre-pandemic groups. group also presented levels neuroticism agreeableness personality traits, positive reappraisal than somewhere between. Additionally, both showed acceptance/resignation styles group. Thus, among three groups students, one larger effect situation their variables, presenting anxiety (state trait), acceptation/resignation style, (emotional instability lower trait. Nonetheless, (an adaptive style) might be sign recovery. related lockdown, passively suffered, possibly promoting feelings impotency, increased (normally considered passive/maladaptive style), while acute stressful situations derived daily personal social interactions have induced observed However, further research, including more representative samples, needed confirm relationship.

Язык: Английский

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Digital contact does not promote wellbeing, but face-to-face contact does: A cross-national survey during the COVID-19 pandemic

New Media & Society, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 26(1), С. 426 - 449

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2021

With restricted face-to-face interactions, COVID-19 lockdowns and distancing measures tested the capability of computer-mediated communication to foster social contact wellbeing. In a multinational sample ( n = 6436), we investigated how different modes related wellbeing during pandemic. Computer-mediated was more common than face-to-face, its use influenced by death rates, so state stringency measures. Despite legal health threats, still positively associated with wellbeing, messaging apps had negative association. Perceived household vulnerability reduced positive effect on but surprisingly, people’s own did not. particularly negatively young empathetic people. Findings show people endeavored remain socially connected, yet however, maintain physical distance, despite tangible costs their

Язык: Английский

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High prevalence and risk factors of dropout intention among Chinese medical postgraduates

Medical Education Online, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 27(1)

Опубликована: Март 31, 2022

A high attrition rate in medical students has exacerbated the physician shortage China. However, few studies have explored risk factors of dropout intention postgraduates. This study compared prevalence and mental distress between non-medical postgraduates China investigated for intention. also impact postgraduates' perception Chinese healthcare environment on their status intention.This cross-sectional was conducted using online questionnaires from October 2020 to April 2021. Convenience sampling used recruit different majors. Outcomes included potential factors, including distress, quality life, fatigue. Medical were additionally assessed satisfaction, burnout, career choice regret, experiences workplace violence. logistic regression model constructed evaluate association dissatisfaction, turnover intention.A total 740 670 participated survey. The rates depression symptoms (33.8% vs. 39.0%, p < 0.001), anxiety (22.2% 32.4%, somatic (34.7% 42.4%, = 0.004) lower postgraduates, while more (58.4% 48.4%, 0.001) reported Dissatisfaction with (odds ratio [OR]: 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-2.34, 0.005), regret (OR: 6.23; CI: 4.42-8.78, perceived stress 2.74; 95%CI: 1.90-3.94, remained independently associated intention.Mental is common among calling timely interventions. higher Healthcare affected health intentions students. decent future income, reduced workload, shorter duration training, better doctor-patient relationships are urgently needed.

Язык: Английский

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