Abstract
Diabetes
significantly
impairs
the
body's
wound‐healing
capabilities,
leading
to
chronic,
infection‐prone
wounds.
These
wounds
are
characterized
by
hyperglycemia,
inflammation,
hypoxia,
variable
pH
levels,
increased
matrix
metalloproteinase
activity,
oxidative
stress,
and
bacterial
colonization.
complex
conditions
complicate
effective
wound
management,
prompting
development
of
advanced
diabetic
care
strategies
that
exploit
specific
characteristics
such
as
acidic
pH,
high
glucose
stress
trigger
controlled
drug
release,
thereby
enhancing
therapeutic
effects
dressings.
Among
solutions,
hydrogels
emerge
promising
due
their
stimuli‐responsive
nature,
making
them
highly
for
managing
these
The
latest
advancements
in
mono/multi‐stimuli‐responsive
smart
showcase
superiority
potential
healthcare
materials,
highlighted
relevant
case
studies.
However,
traditional
dressings
fall
short
meeting
nuanced
needs
wounds,
adjustable
adhesion,
easy
removal,
real‐time
status
monitoring,
dynamic
release
adjustment
according
wound's
conditions.
Responsive
represent
a
significant
leap
forward
proficient
sensing
responding
environment,
offering
more
targeted
approach
treatment.
This
review
highlights
recent
dressing,
delivery,
emphasizing
role
improving
healing.
It
addresses
ongoing
challenges
future
directions,
aiming
guide
clinical
adoption.
Military Medical Research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2023
The
treatment
of
chronic
and
non-healing
wounds
in
diabetic
patients
remains
a
major
medical
problem.
Recent
reports
have
shown
that
hydrogel
wound
dressings
might
be
an
effective
strategy
for
treating
due
to
their
excellent
hydrophilicity,
good
drug-loading
ability
sustained
drug
release
properties.
As
typical
example,
hyaluronic
acid
dressing
(Healoderm)
has
been
demonstrated
clinical
trials
improve
wound-healing
efficiency
healing
rates
foot
ulcers.
However,
the
degradation
behavior
clinically-used
cannot
adjusted
according
microenvironment.
Due
intricacy
wounds,
antibiotics
other
medications
are
frequently
combined
with
practice,
although
these
easily
hindered
by
hostile
environment.
In
this
case,
scientists
created
responsive-hydrogel
based
on
microenvironment
features
(such
as
high
glucose
low
pH)
or
external
stimuli
light
magnetic
field)
achieve
controllable
release,
gel
degradation,
improvements
order
overcome
issues.
These
anticipated
play
significant
role
therapeutic
dressings.
Here,
we
review
recent
advances
towards
healing,
focus
structure
design,
principle
responsiveness,
degradation.
Last
but
not
least,
advantages
limitations
responsive-hydrogels
applications
will
also
discussed.
We
hope
contribute
furthering
progress
hydrogels
improved
practical
application.
Materials Today Bio,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
18, С. 100508 - 100508
Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2022
Poor
wound
healing
after
diabetes
mellitus
remains
a
challenging
problem,
and
its
pathophysiological
mechanisms
have
not
yet
been
fully
elucidated.
Persistent
bleeding,
disturbed
regulation
of
inflammation,
blocked
cell
proliferation,
susceptible
infection
impaired
tissue
remodeling
are
the
main
features
diabetic
healing.
Conventional
dressings,
including
gauze,
films
bandages,
limited
function.
They
generally
act
as
physical
barriers
absorbers
exudates,
which
fail
to
meet
requirements
whol
process.
Wounds
in
patients
typically
heal
slowly
due
hyperglycemia
within
bed.
Once
bacterial
cells
develop
into
biofilms,
wounds
will
exhibit
robust
drug
resistance.
Recently,
application
stimuli-responsive
hydrogels,
also
known
"smart
hydrogels",
for
has
attracted
particular
attention.
The
basic
feature
this
system
is
capacities
change
mechanical
properties,
swelling
ability,
hydrophilicity,
permeability
biologically
active
molecules,
etc.,
response
various
stimuli,
temperature,
potential
hydrogen
(pH),
protease
other
biological
factors.
Smart
hydrogels
can
improve
therapeutic
efficacy
limit
total
toxicity
according
characteristics
wounds.
In
review,
we
summarized
mechanism
It
hoped
that
work
provide
some
inspiration
suggestions
research
field.
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2023
Abstract
The
healing
of
diabetic
wounds
is
hindered
by
various
factors,
including
bacterial
infection,
macrophage
dysfunction,
excess
proinflammatory
cytokines,
high
levels
reactive
oxygen
species,
and
sustained
hypoxia.
These
factors
collectively
impede
cellular
behaviors
the
process.
Consequently,
this
review
presents
intelligent
hydrogels
equipped
with
multifunctional
capacities,
which
enable
them
to
dynamically
respond
microenvironment
accelerate
wound
in
ways,
stimuli
‐responsiveness,
injectable
self‐healing,
shape
‐memory,
conductive
real‐time
monitoring
properties.
relationship
between
multiple
functions
also
discussed.
Based
on
wounds,
antibacterial,
anti‐inflammatory,
immunomodulatory,
antioxidant,
pro‐angiogenic
strategies
are
combined
hydrogels.
application
repair
systematically
discussed,
aiming
provide
guidelines
for
fabricating
exploring
role
therapeutic
processes.
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(25)
Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2023
Diabetic
wounds
are
characterized
by
drug-resistant
bacterial
infections,
biofilm
formation,
impaired
angiogenesis
and
perfusion,
oxidative
damage
to
the
microenvironment.
Given
their
complex
nature,
diabetic
remain
a
major
challenge
in
clinical
practice.
Reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
which
have
been
shown
trigger
hyperinflammation
excessive
cellular
apoptosis,
play
pivotal
role
pathogenesis
of
wounds.
ROS-scavenging
nanosystems
recently
emerged
as
smart
multifunctional
nanomedicines
with
broad
synergistic
applicability.
The
documented
anti-inflammatory
pro-angiogenic
ability
treatments
predestines
these
promising
options
for
treatment
Yet,
this
context,
therapeutic
applicability
efficacy
be
elucidated.
Herein,
ROS
is
deciphered,
properties
strengths
capacity
summarized.
In
addition,
current
challenges
such
potential
future
directions
discussed
through
clinical-translational
lens.
Abstract
Diabetic
foot
ulcers
(DFU)
are
a
common
and
often
debilitating
complication
of
diabetes
that
can
result
in
lower
limb
amputations
if
left
untreated.
Hydrogel
dressings
three‐dimensional
networks
hydrophilic
polymers
absorb
retain
large
amounts
water,
have
been
shown
to
possess
excellent
biocompatibility,
low
toxicity,
fluid
handling
properties.
In
addition,
hydrogels
create
moist
wound
environment
promotes
healing
by
supporting
cell
proliferation,
migration,
angiogenesis.
Hydrogels,
therefore,
emerged
as
promising
for
promoting
DFU
healing.
this
review,
we
attempt
chart
the
landscape
emerging
field
hydrogel
dressing
treatment.
We
will
explicitly
review
assorted
preparation
methods
well
detailed
discussion
various
types
deployed
study.
also
crystallize
key
findings,
identify
remaining
challenges,
present
an
outlook
on
future
development
enticing
field.
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(22)
Опубликована: Май 9, 2024
Hydrogels
have
emerged
as
promising
candidates
for
biomedical
applications,
especially
in
the
field
of
antibacterial
therapeutics,
due
to
their
unique
structural
properties,
highly
tunable
physicochemical
and
excellent
biocompatibility.
The
integration
stimuli-responsive
functions
into
hydrogels
holds
potential
enhance
properties
therapeutic
efficacy,
dynamically
responding
different
external
or
internal
stimuli,
such
pH,
temperature,
enzymes,
light.
Therefore,
this
review
describes
applications
hydrogel
dressings
responsive
stimuli
therapy.
collaborative
interaction
between
materials
is
discussed.
This
synergistic
approach,
contrast
conventional
materials,
not
only
amplifies
effect
but
also
alleviates
adverse
side
effects
diminishes
incidence
multiple
infections
drug
resistance.
provides
a
comprehensive
overview
current
challenges
outlines
future
research
directions
hydrogels.
It
underscores
imperative
ongoing
interdisciplinary
aimed
at
unraveling
mechanisms
wound
healing.
understanding
crucial
optimizing
design
implementation
Ultimately,
aims
offer
scientific
guidance
development
practical
clinical
application
dressings.
Achieving
the
ideal
replacement
for
robust
biological
tissues
requires
biocompatible
materials
with
a
nuanced
blend
of
characteristics,
including
organ
specific
toughness,
durability,
self-repairing
capability,
and
well-defined
structure.
Hydrogels,
structured
high
water
containing
3D-crosslinked
polymeric
networks,
present
promising
avenue
in
biomedical
applications
due
to
their
close
resemblance
natural
tissues.
However,
mechanical
performance
often
falls
short,
limiting
clinical
applications.
Recent
research
has
been
focused
on
developing
hydrogel
therapeutic
advancements
have
spurred
researchers
develop
hydrogels
having
acceptable
toughness.
While
it
is
now
possible
tailor
properties
synthetic
gels
mimic
those
tissues,
critical
aspects
such
as
biocompatibility
crosslinking
strategies
are
frequently
neglected.
This
review
scrutinizes
structural
techniques
designed
improve
toughness
hydrogels,
focusing
especially
innovative
efforts
integrate
these
enhancements
into
natural-based
hydrogels.
By
thoroughly
examining
methodologies,
sheds
light
complexities
strengthening
will
propose
valuable
insights
development
next-generation
tissue
substitutes.
