British Journal of Cancer,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
124(2), С. 359 - 367
Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2020
Abstract
The
functions
of,
and
interactions
between,
the
innate
adaptive
immune
systems
are
vital
for
anticancer
immunity.
Cytotoxic
T
cells
expressing
cell-surface
CD8
most
powerful
effectors
in
response
form
backbone
of
current
successful
cancer
immunotherapies.
Immune-checkpoint
inhibitors
designed
to
target
immune-inhibitory
receptors
that
function
regulate
response,
whereas
adoptive
cell-transfer
therapies
use
+
with
genetically
modified
receptors—chimaeric
antigen
receptors—to
specify
enhance
T-cell
functionality.
New
generations
cytotoxic
or
synthetic
being
developed
evaluated
clinical
trials.
Furthermore,
combinatory
regimens
might
optimise
treatment
effects
reduce
adverse
events.
This
review
summarises
advances
research
on
prominent
immunotherapy,
cells,
discusses
possible
implications
future
treatment.
Annual Review of Physiology,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
79(1), С. 541 - 566
Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2016
Macrophage
polarization
refers
to
how
macrophages
have
been
activated
at
a
given
point
in
space
and
time.
Polarization
is
not
fixed,
as
are
sufficiently
plastic
integrate
multiple
signals,
such
those
from
microbes,
damaged
tissues,
the
normal
tissue
environment.
Three
broad
pathways
control
polarization:
epigenetic
cell
survival
that
prolong
or
shorten
macrophage
development
viability,
microenvironment,
extrinsic
factors,
microbial
products
cytokines
released
inflammation.
A
plethora
of
advances
provided
framework
for
rationally
purifying,
describing,
manipulating
polarization.
Here,
I
assess
current
state
knowledge
about
enumerate
major
questions
regulate
physiology
tissues.
Science Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
8(328)
Опубликована: Март 2, 2016
PD-L1
and
PD-1
(PD)
pathway
blockade
is
a
highly
promising
therapy
has
elicited
durable
antitumor
responses
long-term
remissions
in
subset
of
patients
with
broad
spectrum
cancers.
How
to
improve,
widen,
predict
the
clinical
response
anti-PD
central
theme
field
cancer
immunology
immunotherapy.
Oncologic,
immunologic,
genetic,
biological
studies
focused
on
human
microenvironment
have
yielded
substantial
insight
into
this
issue.
Here,
we
focus
tumor
evaluate
several
potential
therapeutic
markers
including
expression
pattern,
genetic
mutations
within
cells
neoantigens,
epigenetics
effector
T
cell
landscape,
microbiota.
We
further
clarify
mechanisms
action
these
their
roles
shaping,
being
shaped,
and/or
predicting
responses.
also
discuss
variety
combinations
PD
scientific
rationales
for
treatment.
