Molecular Medicine Reports,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
29(2)
Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2023
Human
serum
albumins
(HSAs)
are
synthesized
in
the
liver
and
most
abundant
proteins
plasma
of
healthy
human.
They
play
an
important
role
pathophysiological
processes
even
whole
organism.
Previous
studies
have
mainly
focused
on
regulation
HSAs'
expression.
However,
with
progress
research
recent
years,
it
has
been
found
that
content
circulating
albumin
cannot
fully
reflect
biological
function
itself.
Given
aforementioned
fact,
concept
'effective
concentration'
proposed.
It
refers
to
is
structurally
functionally
intact.
Alterations
molecular
structure
reported
a
variety
diseases,
including
disease.
Moreover,
these
changes
verified
affect
progression
oxidative
stress‑related
diseases.
link
between
not
elaborated,
mechanisms
by
which
different
forms
disease
also
need
be
further
investigated.
In
this
context,
present
review
expounded
characteristics
functions
albumin,
summarized
types
post‑translational
modification
discussed
their
functional
possible
non‑alcoholic
fatty
disease,
alcoholic
hepatitis,
viral
hepatitis
stages
cirrhosis.
This
will
help
improve
understanding
development
provide
more
comprehensive
physiological
basis
for
treatment.
Gut,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
71(5), С. 1020 - 1032
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022
The
gut
microbiota
is
now
considered
as
one
of
the
key
elements
contributing
to
regulation
host
health.
Virtually
all
our
body
sites
are
colonised
by
microbes
suggesting
different
types
crosstalk
with
organs.
Because
development
molecular
tools
and
techniques
(ie,
metagenomic,
metabolomic,
lipidomic,
metatranscriptomic),
complex
interactions
occurring
between
microorganisms
progressively
being
deciphered.
Nowadays,
deviations
linked
many
diseases
including
obesity,
type
2
diabetes,
hepatic
steatosis,
intestinal
bowel
(IBDs)
several
cancer.
Thus,
that
various
pathways
involved
in
immunity,
energy,
lipid
glucose
metabolism
affected.
In
this
review,
specific
attention
given
provide
a
critical
evaluation
current
understanding
field.
Numerous
mechanisms
explaining
how
bacteria
might
be
causally
protection
or
onset
discussed.
We
examine
well-established
metabolites
short-chain
fatty
acids,
bile
trimethylamine
N-oxide)
extend
more
recently
identified
actors
endocannabinoids,
bioactive
lipids,
phenolic-derived
compounds,
advanced
glycation
end
products
enterosynes)
their
receptors
such
peroxisome
proliferator-activated
receptor
alpha
(PPARα)
gamma
(PPARγ),
aryl
hydrocarbon
(AhR),
G
protein-coupled
GPR41,
GPR43,
GPR119,
Takeda
5).
Altogether,
complexity
aspects
linking
health
will
help
set
basis
for
novel
therapies
already
developed.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2022
The
human
gut
possesses
millions
of
microbes
that
define
a
complex
microbial
community.
microbiota
has
been
characterized
as
vital
organ
forming
its
multidirectional
connecting
axis
with
other
organs.
This
is
responsible
for
host-microbe
interactions
and
works
by
communicating
the
neural,
endocrinal,
humoral,
immunological,
metabolic
pathways.
microorganisms
(mostly
non-pathogenic)
have
symbiotic
host
relationships
are
usually
associated
host’s
immunity
to
defend
against
pathogenic
invasion.
dysbiosis
therefore
linked
various
diseases,
such
anxiety,
depression,
hypertension,
cardiovascular
obesity,
diabetes,
inflammatory
bowel
disease,
cancer.
mechanism
leading
disease
development
crucial
correlation
microbiota,
products,
immune
response
in
humans.
understanding
mechanisms
over
exerts
positive
or
harmful
impacts
remains
largely
undefined.
However,
many
recent
clinical
studies
conducted
worldwide
demonstrating
relation
specific
species
eubiosis
health
disease.
A
comprehensive
interactions,
role
updates
on
subject
striking
topics
current
review.
We
also
addressed
daunting
challenges
must
be
brought
under
control
maintain
treat
diseases.
We
performed
a
meta-analysis
of
observational
studies
to
quantify
the
magnitude
association
between
non-alcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
(NAFLD)
and
risk
extrahepatic
cancers.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022
Type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM)
is
one
of
the
common
metabolic
diseases
in
world.
Due
to
rise
morbidity
and
mortality,
it
has
become
a
global
health
problem.
To
date,
T2DM
still
cannot
be
cured,
its
intervention
measures
mainly
focus
on
glucose
control
as
well
prevention
treatment
related
complications.
Interestingly,
gut
microbiota
plays
an
important
role
development
diseases,
especially
T2DM.
In
this
review,
we
introduce
characteristics
population,
animal
models,
diabetic
addition,
describe
molecular
mechanisms
linking
host
T2DM,
including
molecules
that
induce
dysbiosis,
immune
inflammatory
responses,
microbial
metabolites
involved
pathogenesis.
These
findings
suggest
can
treat
complications
by
remodeling
through
interventions
such
drugs,
probiotics,
prebiotics,
fecal
transplantation
(FMT)
diets.
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17(15), С. 15125 - 15145
Опубликована: Июль 24, 2023
Dietary
pollution
by
polystyrene
microplastics
(MPs)
can
cause
hepatic
injuries
and
microbial
dysbiosis.
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate
(EGCG),
the
major
polyphenol
in
green
tea,
exerts
beneficial
effects
on
liver
modulating
gut
microbiota.
However,
role
of
microbiota
MPs-induced
protective
effect
EGCG
have
not
been
clarified.
Here,
5
μm
MPs
were
orally
administered
to
mice
induce
injuries.
Subsequently,
antibiotic
cocktail
(ABX)
fecal
transplant
(FMT)
experiments
performed
investigate
underlying
mechanisms.
Additionally,
was
explore
its
protection
against
Our
results
showed
that
activated
systemic
inflammation,
promoted
fibrosis,
altered
metabolome;
meanwhile,
damaged
homeostasis
disturbing
microbiome,
promoting
colonic
impairing
intestinal
barrier.
Notably,
reduced
abundance
probiotics
Akkermansia,
Mucispirillum,
Faecalibaculum
while
increasing
pathogenic
Tuzzerella.
Interestingly,
elimination
mitigated
inflammation
barrier
impairment.
Moreover,
ABX
ameliorated
but
fibrosis.
Correspondingly,
from
MPs-administered
induced
colonic,
systemic,
their
profibrosis
observed.
Finally,
elevated
effectively
repressed
inflammation.
remodeling
metabolome
also
attenuated
EGCG.
These
findings
illustrated
contributed
injuries,
could
serve
as
a
potential
prevention
strategy
for
these
adverse
consequences.
Seminars in Immunopathology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
44(4), С. 547 - 564
Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2022
Abstract
Bile
acids
participate
in
the
intestinal
emulsion,
digestion,
and
absorption
of
lipids
fat-soluble
vitamins.
When
present
high
concentrations,
as
cholestatic
liver
diseases,
bile
can
damage
cells
cause
inflammation.
After
discovery
receptors
about
two
decades
ago,
are
considered
signaling
molecules.
Besides
regulating
acid,
xenobiotic,
nutrient
metabolism,
their
have
shown
immunomodulatory
properties
been
proposed
therapeutic
targets
for
inflammatory
diseases
liver.
This
review
focuses
on
acid–related
pathways
that
affect
inflammation
provides
an
overview
preclinical
clinical
applications
modulators
these
treatment
autoimmune
diseases.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(5), С. 2668 - 2668
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2022
Nonalcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
(NAFLD)
and
its
progressive
form
nonalcoholic
steatohepatitis
(NASH)
comprise
a
spectrum
of
chronic
diseases
in
the
global
population
that
can
lead
to
end-stage
hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC).
NAFLD
is
closely
linked
metabolic
syndrome,
comorbidities
such
as
type
2
diabetes,
obesity
insulin
resistance
aggravate
disease,
while
promotes
cardiovascular
risk
affected
patients.
The
pathomechanisms
are
multifaceted,
combining
hepatic
factors
including
lipotoxicity,
mechanisms
cell
death
inflammation
with
extrahepatic
disturbance
dysbiosis.
Nuclear
receptors
(NRs)
family
ligand-controlled
transcription
regulate
glucose,
fat
cholesterol
homeostasis
modulate
innate
immune
functions,
macrophages.
In
parallel
derangement
NAFLD,
altered
NR
signaling
frequently
observed
might
be
involved
pathogenesis.
Therapeutically,
clinical
data
indicate
single
drug
targets
thus
far
have
been
insufficient
for
reaching
patient-relevant
endpoints.
Therefore,
combinatorial
treatment
strategies
multiple
or
drugs
actions
could
possibly
bring
advantages,
by
providing
more
holistic
therapeutic
approach.
this
context,
peroxisome
proliferator-activated
(PPARs)
other
NRs
great
interest
they
wide-ranging
multi-organ
activities
associated
NASH
progression
regression.
review,
we
summarize
recent
advances
understanding
pathogenesis
focusing
on
death,
immunometabolism
role
NRs.
We
outline
novel
discuss
remaining
challenges.
