Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2024
Abstract
The
production
of
gamma-aminobutyric
acid
(GABA)
by
the
gut
microbiota
has
garnered
attention
due
to
its
potential
role
in
gut-brain
axis.
However,
regulatory
mechanisms
governing
microbiota-derived
GABA
under
physiologically
relevant
conditions
remain
unclear.
Here,
using
model
GABA-producing
microbe
Bacteroides
thetaiotaomicron,
we
identified
intestinal
environmental
factors
that
modulate
production.
We
demonstrate
low
pH
and
high
osmolality
promote
driving
changes
expression
glutamate
decarboxylase
system.
Notably,
emerged
as
a
critical
factor
for
enhancing
across
diverse
microbes.
complex
microbial
communities,
such
cecum
specific
pathogen-free
mice
an
ex
vivo
human
colon
model,
levels
did
not
increase
acidic
conditions.
This
was
partly
consumption
GABA-utilizing
bacteria.
Consistently,
reducing
cecal
increased
Oligo-MM12
mice,
gnotobiotic
lacking
GABA-consuming
strains.
Our
findings
highlight
intricate
balance
between
production,
consumption,
osmolality.
Many
species,
including
humans,
host
communities
of
symbiotic
microbes.
There
is
a
vast
literature
on
the
ways
these
microbiomes
affect
hosts,
but
here
we
argue
for
an
increased
focus
how
hosts
their
microbiomes.
Hosts
exert
control
over
symbionts
through
diverse
mechanisms,
immunity,
barrier
function,
physiological
homeostasis,
and
transit.
These
mechanisms
enable
to
shape
ecology
evolution
generate
natural
selection
microbial
traits
that
benefit
host.
Our
result
from
perpetual
tension
between
symbiont
evolution,
can
leverage
host's
evolved
abilities
regulate
microbiota
prevent
treat
disease.
The
study
will
be
central
our
ability
both
understand
manipulate
microbiotas
better
health.
Honeybees
and
bumblebees
play
a
crucial
role
as
essential
pollinators.
The
special
gut
microbiome
of
social
bees
is
key
factor
in
determining
the
overall
fitness
health
host.
Although
harbor
relatively
simple
microbial
communities
at
genus
level,
recent
studies
have
unveiled
significant
genetic
divergence
variations
gene
content
within
each
bacterial
genus.
However,
comprehensive
refined
genomics-based
taxonomic
database
specific
to
bee
microbiomes
remains
lacking.
Here,
we
first
provided
an
overview
current
knowledge
on
distribution
function
bacteria,
well
factors
that
influence
population
dynamics.
We
then
consolidated
all
available
genomes
bacteria
species-level
taxonomy,
by
constructing
maximum-likelihood
core
genome
phylogeny
calculating
genome-wide
pairwise
average
nucleotide
identity.
On
basis
species
constructed
curated
genomic
reference
database,
named
microbe
sequence
(BGM-GDb).
To
evaluate
species-profiling
performance
BGM-GDb,
retrieved
series
metagenomic
data
inferred
composition
using
intra-species
diversity
analysis
system
(MIDAS),
compared
results
with
those
obtained
from
prebuilt
MIDAS
database.
found
default
BGM-GDb
excelled
aligned
read
counts
richness.
Overall,
this
high-resolution
precise
will
facilitate
research
understanding
community
structure
bees.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43(7), С. 114408 - 114408
Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2024
Honeybees
are
important
pollinators
worldwide,
with
their
gut
microbiota
playing
a
crucial
role
in
maintaining
health.
The
bacteria
of
honeybees
consist
primarily
five
core
lineages
that
spread
through
social
interactions.
Previous
studies
have
provided
basic
understanding
the
composition
and
function
honeybee
microbiota,
recent
advancements
focusing
on
analyzing
diversity
at
strain
level
changes
bacterial
functional
genes.
Research
across
different
regions
globally
has
insights
into
microbial
ecology.
Additionally,
findings
shed
light
mechanisms
host
specificity
bacteria.
This
review
explores
temporospatial
dynamics
discussing
reasons
behind
these
fluctuations.
synopsis
provides
host-microbe
interactions
is
invaluable
for
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
121(44)
Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2024
The
Type
VI
Secretion
System
(T6SS)
is
a
sophisticated
mechanism
utilized
by
gram-negative
bacteria
to
deliver
toxic
effector
proteins
into
target
cells,
influencing
microbial
community
dynamics
and
host
interactions.
In
this
study,
we
investigated
the
role
of
T6SSs
in
Snodgrassella
alvi
wkB2,
core
bacterial
symbiont
honey
bee
gut
microbiota.
We
generated
single-
double-knockout
mutants
targeting
essential
genes
(
tssD
tssE
)
both
T6SS-1
T6SS-2
assessed
their
colonization
competition
capabilities
vivo.
Our
results
indicate
that
are
nonessential
for
gut,
although
mutant
strains
exhibited
significantly
lower
levels
compared
wild-type
(WT)
strain.
Further,
defined
experiment
showed
S.
wkB2
do
not
impact
interspecific
among
bacteria.
However,
cocolonization
experiments
with
closely
related
demonstrated
plays
mediating
intraspecific
competition.
Transcriptomic
analysis
guts
monocolonized
WT
or
T6SS
revealed
differential
expression
immunity-related
relative
microbiota-deprived
bees,
such
as
upregulation
antimicrobial
peptide
apidaecin
presence
defensin
,
suggesting
contribute
shaping
immune
responses.
These
findings
provide
insight
ecological
roles
microbiota,
emphasizing
importance
maintaining
competitive
host–bacterial
Applied and Environmental Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025
ABSTRACT
Bumble
bees
are
key
pollinators
for
natural
and
agricultural
plant
communities.
Their
health
performance
supported
by
a
core
gut
microbiota
composed
of
few
bacterial
taxa.
However,
the
taxonomic
composition
community
structure
bumble
bee
microbiotas
can
vary
with
species,
environment,
origin
(i.e.,
whether
colonies
come
from
wild
or
commercial
rearing
facility),
it
is
unclear
metabolic
capabilities
therefore
as
well.
Here
we
used
metagenomic
sequencing
to
examine
composition,
structure,
potential
across
two
different
Bombus
impatiens
suppliers,
B.
,
three
other
species
sampled
sites
within
native
range
all
four
species.
We
found
that
varied
between
populations
origins
suppliers.
Notably,
Apibacter
consistently
present
in
some
species—suggesting
may
be
previously
unrecognized
phylotype
bees—and
lack
phylotypes
populations.
despite
variation
high-level
was
largely
consistent
hosts,
including
related
host
performance,
though
activity
remains
investigated.
IMPORTANCE
Our
study
first
compare
genome-level
whole
suppliers
In
addition,
profiled
full
time.
Overall,
our
results
provide
new
insight
into
function
will
help
researchers
evaluate
how
well
studies
conducted
one
population
translate
Research
on
increasing
relevance
continue
discover
ways
social
influence
health,
decline
abundance.
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 20, 2025
SUMMARYGut
microbes
provide
benefits
to
some
animals,
but
their
distribution
and
effects
across
diverse
hosts
are
still
poorly
described.
There
is
accumulating
evidence
for
host
specificity
(i.e.,
a
pattern
where
different
tend
associate
with
distinct
lineages),
the
causes
consequences
of
this
unclear.
Combining
experimental
tests
in
laboratory
broad
surveys
wild
promising
approach
gaining
comprehensive
mechanistic
understanding
prevalence,
origin,
importance.
Social
bees
represent
an
ideal
testbed
endeavor
because
they
phylogenetically
functionally
diverse,
host-specific,
stable,
tractable
gut
microbiota.
Furthermore,
western
honeybee
(Apis
mellifera)
emerging
model
system
studying
microbiota-host
interactions.
In
review,
we
summarize
data
on
prevalence
strength
social
bee
microbiota
(bumblebees,
stingless
bees,
honeybees),
as
well
potential
proven
ecological
molecular
mechanisms
that
maintain
specificity.
Overall,
found
relatively
strong
likely
results
from
several
processes,
including
filtering
mediated
by
immune
priority
effects.
However,
more
research
needed
multiple
species
confirm
these
findings.
To
help
future
research,
hypotheses
field
propose
comparative
tests.
Finally,
conclude
review
highlighting
need
understand
how
can
influence
health.
