Camellia sinensis and Litsea coreana Ameliorate Intestinal Inflammation and Modulate Gut Microbiota in Dextran Sulfate Sodium‐Induced Colitis Mice

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 64(6)

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2020

Polyphenol-enriched herbal extracts have been proved as alternative therapeutic strategies for experimentally induced colitis. The in vivo and vitro anti-inflammatory effects of Camellia sinensis (green, white, yellow, oolong, black, dark tea) Litsea coreana (hawk are comparatively explored.HPLC analysis confirms dissimilarities among phytochemical compositions these teas. tea (TEs) significantly decrease the production pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-α) increase (IL-10) LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. treatment TEs mice can ameliorate colon inflammation, pro-oxidative enzyme activity, integrity, suppress activation nuclear factor-κB. Of note, green TE attenuates DSS-induced richness diversity gut microbiota. Moreover, capable exerting prebiotic effect on microbiota by increasing abundance potentially beneficial bacteria (e.g., Faecalibaculum, Bifidobacterium), decreasing harmful Bacteroids, Mucispirillum). restore decreased SCFAs feces colitic mice.The seven types alleviate mice, modulate dysbiosis mice.

Язык: Английский

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Wild blueberry proanthocyanidins shape distinct gut microbiota profile and influence glucose homeostasis and intestinal phenotypes in high-fat high-sucrose fed mice

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2020

Blueberries are a rich source of polyphenols, widely studied for the prevention or attenuation metabolic diseases. However, health contribution and mechanisms action polyphenols depend on their type structure. Here, we evaluated effects wild blueberry polyphenolic extract (WBE) (Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton) cardiometabolic parameters, gut microbiota composition epithelium histology high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet-induced obese mice determined which constitutive fractions (BPF) was responsible observed effects. To do so, whole separated in three fractions, F1) Anthocyanins phenolic acids, F2) oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PACs), acids flavonols (PACs degree polymerization DP < 4), F3) PACs polymers > 4) supplied at respective concentration extract. After 8 weeks, WBE reduced OGTT AUC by 18.3% compared to HFHS treated rodents F3 fraction contributed most this effect. The anthocyanin F1 did not reproduce response. BPF restored colonic mucus layer. Particularly, polymeric PACs-rich increased mucin-secreting goblet cells number. caused significant 2-fold higher proportion Adlercreutzia equolifaciens whereas F2 2.5-fold Akkermansia muciniphila. This study reveals key role modulating restoring epithelial layer, providing suitable ecological niche mucosa-associated symbiotic bacteria, may be crucial triggering polyphenols.

Язык: Английский

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Insight into Polyphenol and Gut Microbiota Crosstalk: Are Their Metabolites the Key to Understand Protective Effects against Metabolic Disorders?

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(10), С. 982 - 982

Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2020

Lifestyle factors, especially diet and nutrition, are currently regarded as essential avenues to decrease modern-day cardiometabolic disorders (CMD), including obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis. Many groups around the world attribute these trends, at least partially, bioactive plant polyphenols given their anti-oxidant anti-inflammatory actions. In fact, can prevent or reverse progression of disease processes through many distinct mechanisms. particular, crosstalk between gut microbiota, recently unveiled thanks DNA-based tools next generation sequencing, unravelled central regulatory role dietary intestinal micro-ecology metabolites on host energy metabolism related illnesses. The objectives this review to: (1) provide an understanding classification, structure, bioavailability polyphenols; (2) underline by microbiota; (3) highlight prebiotic effects microflora; (4) discuss multifaceted roles in CMD while shedding light mechanisms action; (5) underscore ability initiate epigenetic regulation. sum, clearly documents whether favorably interact promote multiple physiological functions human organism.

Язык: Английский

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Effects and Mechanisms of Tea and Its Bioactive Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: An Updated Review

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 8(6), С. 166 - 166

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2019

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are critical global public health issues with high morbidity and mortality. Epidemiological studies have revealed that regular tea drinking is inversely associated the risk of CVDs. Additionally, substantial in vitro vivo experimental shown its bioactive compounds effective protecting against The relevant mechanisms include reducing blood lipid, alleviating ischemia/reperfusion injury, inhibiting oxidative stress, enhancing endothelial function, attenuating inflammation, cardiomyocyte function. Moreover, some clinical trials also proved protective role In order to provide a better understanding relationship between CVDs, this review summarizes effects CVDs discusses potential action based on evidence from epidemiological, experimental, studies.

Язык: Английский

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Invited review: Tannins as a potential alternative to antibiotics to prevent coliform diarrhea in weaned pigs

animal, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 14(1), С. 95 - 107

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2019

In addition to a multifactorial etiology of nutritional, social and environmental stressors, post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in pigs is often related infection with specific pathogens such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). swine farming operations, the incidence PWD global concern associated an unbalanced gut status, resulting poor performance high antimicrobial consumption via prophylaxis metaphylaxis. Increases resistance are reinforcing already-urgent need for sustainable, alternative solutions maintaining optimal health livestock. Tannin-rich plants extracts contain bioactive compounds that could be great interest this respect. This review describes how use tannins around weaning beneficial pigs, special emphasis on reduction ETEC-related PWD. An overview broad chemical diversity presented together their physicochemical biological properties, well they may metabolized digestive tract. The pharmacological effects exerted by summarized; more precisely, possible mechanisms which can disrupt different steps pathogenesis highlighted. factors affecting bioactivity also discussed, shedding light importance structure among tannins.

Язык: Английский

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Polyphenols in Alzheimer’s Disease and in the Gut–Brain Axis

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8(2), С. 199 - 199

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2020

Polyphenolic antioxidants, including dietary plant lignans, modulate the gut–brain axis, which involves transformation of these polyphenolic compounds into physiologically active and neuroprotector (called human lignans) through gut bacterial metabolism. These metabolites exert their neuroprotective effects in various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Parkinson’s (PD), also have protective against other cardiovascular cancer, diabetes. For example, enterolactone enterodiol, therapeutically relevant polyphenols, are formed secondary non-flavonoid found plant-based foods. acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, thereby potential applications therapeutics AD neurological diseases. Polyphenols advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitors (antiglycating agents), cases AD. Thus, metabolism lignans results formation polyphenols—some enhanced blood–brain barrier permeability. It is hypothesized that metabolism-derived when combined with nanoparticle-based (BBB)-targeted drug delivery, may prove to be effective for disorders, traumatic brain injury (TBI), AD, PD. This mini-review addresses role focusing on

Язык: Английский

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Recommendations for standardizing nomenclature for dietary (poly)phenol catabolites

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 112(4), С. 1051 - 1068

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2020

There is a lack of focus on the protective health effects phytochemicals in dietary guidelines. Although number chemical libraries and databases contain belonging to plant metabolome, they are not entirely relevant human because many constituents extensively metabolized within body following ingestion. This especially apparent for highly abundant (poly)phenols, which situation compounded by confusion regarding their bioavailability metabolism, partially variety nomenclatures trivial names used describe compounds arising from microbial catabolism gastrointestinal tract. confusion, perpetuated online chemical/metabolite databases, will hinder future discovery bioactivities affect establishment guidelines if steps taken overcome these issues. In order resolve this situation, nomenclature system phenolic catabolites phase II metabolites proposed article basis its format outlined. Previous literature cited along with recommended nomenclature, International Union Pure Applied Chemistry terminology, and, where appropriate, Chemical Abstracts Service numbers, InChIKey, accurate mass.

Язык: Английский

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Reciprocal Interactions between Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and Human Gut Microbiota In Vitro

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 68(36), С. 9804 - 9815

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2020

Interaction of tea phenolics with gut microbiota may play an integral role in the health benefits these bioactive compounds, yet this interaction is not fully understood. Here, metabolic fate epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and its impact on were integrally investigated via vitro fermentation. As revealed by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography hybrid quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS), EGCG was promptly degraded into a series metabolites, including 4-phenylbutyric acid, 3-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic 3-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)propionic through consecutive ester hydrolysis, C-ring opening, A-ring fission, dehydroxylation, aliphatic chain shortening. Microbiome profiling indicated that, compared to blank, treatment resulted stimulation beneficial bacteria Bacteroides, Christensenellaceae, Bifidobacterium. Additionally, pathogenic Fusobacterium varium, Bilophila, Enterobacteriaceae inhibited. Furthermore, changes concentrations acid phenylacetic strongly correlated abundance specific microbiota. These reciprocal interactions between collectively contribute EGCG.

Язык: Английский

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Health-Promoting Properties of Proanthocyanidins for Intestinal Dysfunction

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 12(1), С. 130 - 130

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2020

The intestinal barrier is constantly exposed to potentially harmful environmental factors, including food components and bacterial endotoxins. When function immune homeostasis are compromised (intestinal dysfunction), inflammatory conditions may develop impact overall health. Evidence from experimental animal cell culture studies suggests that exposure of mucosa proanthocyanidin (PAC)-rich plant products, such as grape seeds, contribute maintaining the ameliorating pathological inflammation present in diet-induced obesity bowel disease. In this review, we aim update current knowledge on bioactivity PACs models dysfunction humans, provide insights into underlying biochemical molecular mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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Low-Molecular Weight Metabolites from Polyphenols as Effectors for Attenuating Neuroinflammation

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 68(7), С. 1790 - 1807

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2019

Age-associated pathophysiological changes such as neurodegenerative diseases are multifactorial conditions with increasing incidence and no existing cure. The possibility of altering the progression development these through diet is an attractive approach supporting data. Epidemiological clinical studies have highlighted health potential diets rich in fruits vegetables. Such food sources (poly)phenols, natural compounds increasingly associated benefits, having to prevent or retard various diseases. However, absorption blood concentration (poly)phenols very low when compared their corresponding (poly)phenolic metabolites. Therefore, serum-bioavailable metabolites much more promising candidates overcome cellular barriers reach target tissues, brain. Bearing this mind, it will be reviewed that molecular mechanisms underlying effects, range from 0.1 <50 μM role on neuroinflammation, a central hallmark

Язык: Английский

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