Pyroptosis: mechanisms and diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Март 29, 2021

Abstract Currently, pyroptosis has received more and attention because of its association with innate immunity disease. The research scope expanded the discovery gasdermin family. A great deal evidence shows that can affect development tumors. relationship between tumors is diverse in different tissues genetic backgrounds. In this review, we provide basic knowledge pyroptosis, explain tumors, focus on significance tumor treatment. addition, further summarize possibility as a potential treatment strategy describe side effects radiotherapy chemotherapy caused by pyroptosis. brief, double-edged sword for rational use dual effect will help us explore formation ideas patients to develop new drugs based

Язык: Английский

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Intestinal Flora and Disease Mutually Shape the Regional Immune System in the Intestinal Tract

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2020

The intestinal tract is the largest digestive organ in human body. It colonized by, and consistently exposed to, a myriad of microorganisms, including bifidobacteria, lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, enterococcus, clostridium perfringens, pseudomonas. To protect body from potential pathogens, has evolved regional immune characteristics. These characteristics are defined by its unique structure, function, microenvironment, which differ drastically those common central peripheral organs. microenvironment created flora products significantly affects function region. In turn, specific diseases regulate influence composition flora. A constant interplay occurs between system. Further, can be reconstructed probiotic use or microbiota transplantation, functioning to recalibrate homeostasis, while also contributing treatment amelioration diseases. this review, we summarize relationship occurrence development as an in-turn effect on immunity. We discuss improved it relates non-specific proliferation, differentiation secretion cells, within region following remodeling means ameliorate treat Finally, suggest strategies for utilization

Язык: Английский

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Oxygen battle in the gut: Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors in metabolic and inflammatory responses in the intestine

Journal of Biological Chemistry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 295(30), С. 10493 - 10505

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2020

The gastrointestinal tract is a highly proliferative and regenerative tissue. intestine also harbors large diverse microbial population collectively called the gut microbiome (microbiota). microbiome-intestine cross-talk includes dynamic exchange of gaseous signaling mediators generated by bacterial intestinal metabolisms. Moreover, initiates maintains hypoxic environment that critical for nutrient absorption, barrier function, innate adaptive immune responses in mucosal cells intestine. response to hypoxia mediated hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). In conditions, HIF activation regulates expression cohort genes promote adaptation hypoxia. Physiologically, HIF-dependent contribute aforementioned maintenance epithelial regulation. However, chronic exacerbates disease leading injury, inflammation, colorectal cancer. this review, we aim outline major roles physiological pathological conditions homeostasis onset progression with focus on understanding complex pathophysiology

Язык: Английский

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Chemically and Biologically Engineered Bacteria‐Based Delivery Systems for Emerging Diagnosis and Advanced Therapy

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 33(38)

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2021

Abstract Bacteria are one of the main groups organisms, which dynamically and closely participate in human health disease development. With integration chemical biotechnology, bacteria have been utilized as an emerging delivery system for various biomedical applications. Given unique features such their intrinsic biocompatibility motility, bacteria‐based systems drawn wide interest diagnosis treatment diseases, including cancer, infectious kidney failure, hyperammonemia. Notably, at interface biotechnology bacteria, many research opportunities initiated, opening a promising frontier application. Herein, current synergy design principles systems, microbial modulation, clinical translation reviewed, with special focus on advances therapy.

Язык: Английский

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The Influence of Gut Microbiota on Oxidative Stress and the Immune System

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(5), С. 1388 - 1388

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

The human gastrointestinal tract is home to a complex microbial community that plays an important role in the general well-being of entire organism. gut microbiota generates variety metabolites and thereby regulates many biological processes, such as regulation immune system. In gut, bacteria are direct contact with host. major challenge here prevent unwanted inflammatory reactions on one hand other ensure system can be activated when pathogens invade. Here REDOX equilibrium utmost importance. This controlled by either directly or indirectly via bacterial-derived metabolites. A balanced microbiome sorts for stable balance, whereas dysbiosis destabilizes this equilibrium. An imbalanced status affects disrupting intracellular signaling promoting responses. we (i) focus most common reactive oxygen species (ROS) (ii) define transition from state oxidative stress. Further, (iii) describe ROS regulating Thereafter, (iv) examine influence homeostasis how shifts pro- anti-oxidative cellular conditions suppress promote responses inflammation.

Язык: Английский

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Intestinal epithelial cell metabolism at the interface of microbial dysbiosis and tissue injury

Mucosal Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 15(4), С. 595 - 604

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

The intestinal epithelium represents the most regenerative tissue in human body, located proximity to dense and functionally diverse microbial milieu of microbiome. Episodes injury incomplete healing are a prerequisite for immune reactivation account recurrent, chronically progressing phenotypes inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Mitochondrial dysfunction associated changes epithelial functions emerging concepts pathogenesis IBD, suggesting impaired metabolic flexibility cells affects capacity tissue. Next rendering mucosa susceptible triggers, reprogramming is implicated shaping adverse environments. In this review, we introduce concept “metabolic injury” as cell autonomous mechanism wounding response mitochondrial perturbation. Furthermore, highlight metabolism intersection microbiome, regeneration.

Язык: Английский

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Pyroptosis in health and disease: mechanisms, regulation and clinical perspective

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

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FADS1-arachidonic acid axis enhances arachidonic acid metabolism by altering intestinal microecology in colorectal cancer

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2023

Abstract Colonocyte metabolism shapes the microbiome. Metabolites are main mediators of information exchange between intestine and microbial communities. Arachidonic acid (AA) is an essential polyunsaturated fatty its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unexplored. In this study, we show that AA feeding promotes tumor growth AOM/DSS intestinal specific Apc −/− mice via modulating microecology increased gram-negative bacteria. Delta-5 desaturase (FADS1), a rate-limiting enzyme, upregulated CRC effectively mediates synthesis. Functionally, FADS1 regulates high microenvironment-induced enriched microbes. Elimination microbe abolishes effect. Mechanistically, microbes activate TLR4/MYD88 pathway cells contributes FADS1-AA axis to metabolize prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Cumulatively, report potential cancer-promoting mechanism converts raising synthesized PGE2 gram-negative.

Язык: Английский

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The role of gut microbiota in intestinal disease: from an oxidative stress perspective

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024

Recent studies have indicated that gut microbiota-mediated oxidative stress is significantly associated with intestinal diseases such as colorectal cancer, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn’s disease. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been reported to increase when the microbiota dysregulated, especially several bacterial metabolites are present. Although healthy plays a vital role in defending against excessive stress, disease influenced by ROS, this process controlled immunological responses, DNA damage, inflammation. In review, we discuss relationship between from an perspective. addition, also provide summary most recent therapeutic approaches for preventing or treating modifying microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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Promotion of healthy aging through the nexus of gut microbiota and dietary phytochemicals

Advances in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100376 - 100376

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Aging is associated with the decline of tissue and cellular functions, which can promote development age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, disorders musculoskeletal immune systems. Healthspan length time an individual in good health free from chronic disabilities aging. Two modifiable factors that influence healthspan, healthy aging, prevent diseases, are diet microbiota gastrointestinal tract (gut microbiota). This review will discuss how dietary phytochemicals gut work concert to a First overview provided influences aging through its impact on barrier integrity, function, mitochondria function oxidative stress. Next, mechanisms by effect health, inflammation, nurture diverse microbial composition discussed. Lastly, directly producing bioactive metabolites food urolithin A, equol, hesperetin sulforaphane. These other phytochemical derived may healthspan Importantly, individual's capacity produce promoting cruciferous vegetables, berries, nuts, citrus soy products be dependent specific bacteria present gut.

Язык: Английский

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