Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
63(8), С. 1037 - 1054
Опубликована: Июль 29, 2021
With
the
development
of
high-throughput
DNA
sequencing
and
molecular
analysis
technologies,
next-generation
probiotics
(NGPs)
are
increasingly
gaining
attention
as
live
bacterial
therapeutics
for
treatment
diseases.
However,
compared
to
traditional
probiotics,
NGPs
much
more
vulnerable
harsh
conditions
in
human
gastrointestinal
tract,
their
functional
mechanisms
gut
complex.
Prebiotics
have
been
confirmed
play
a
critical
role
improving
function
viability
probiotics.
Defined
substrates
that
selectively
utilized
by
host
microorganisms
conferring
health
benefit,
prebiotics
also
important
NGPs.
This
review
summarizes
potential
use
with
clarifies
characteristics
mechanisms.
Then
we
particularly
focus
on
illustrating
protective
effects
various
enhancing
antioxidant
capacity
resistance
digestive
fluids.
We
elucidate
regulating
anti-bacterial
effects,
intestinal
barrier
maintenance,
cross-feeding
NPGs.
expanding
range
candidate
prebiotic
substrates,
studies
need
be
conducted
comprehensively
interactions
between
outside
inside
hosts,
order
boost
nutritional
healthcare
applications.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024
Abstract
The
human
gastrointestinal
tract
is
populated
with
a
diverse
microbial
community.
vast
genetic
and
metabolic
potential
of
the
gut
microbiome
underpins
its
ubiquity
in
nearly
every
aspect
biology,
including
health
maintenance,
development,
aging,
disease.
advent
new
sequencing
technologies
culture-independent
methods
has
allowed
researchers
to
move
beyond
correlative
studies
toward
mechanistic
explorations
shed
light
on
microbiome–host
interactions.
Evidence
unveiled
bidirectional
communication
between
central
nervous
system,
referred
as
“microbiota–gut–brain
axis”.
microbiota–gut–brain
axis
represents
an
important
regulator
glial
functions,
making
it
actionable
target
ameliorate
development
progression
neurodegenerative
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
mechanisms
As
provides
essential
cues
microglia,
astrocytes,
oligodendrocytes,
examine
communications
microbiota
these
cells
during
healthy
states
Subsequently,
diseases
using
metabolite-centric
approach,
while
also
examining
role
microbiota-related
neurotransmitters
hormones.
Next,
targeting
intestinal
barrier,
blood–brain
meninges,
peripheral
immune
system
counteract
dysfunction
neurodegeneration.
Finally,
conclude
by
assessing
pre-clinical
clinical
evidence
probiotics,
prebiotics,
fecal
transplantation
A
thorough
comprehension
will
foster
effective
therapeutic
interventions
for
management
Abstract
Background
The
endoglycosidase
heparanase
which
degrades
heparan
sulfate
proteoglycans,
exerts
a
pro-inflammatory
mediator
in
various
inflammatory
disorders.
However,
the
function
and
underlying
mechanism
of
acute
pancreatitis
remain
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
investigated
interplay
between
gut
microbiota
development
pancreatitis.
Methods
Acute
was
induced
wild-type
heparanase-transgenic
mice
by
administration
caerulein.
differences
were
analyzed
16S
ribosomal
RNA
sequencing.
Antibiotic
cocktail
experiment,
fecal
transplantation,
cohousing
experiments
used
to
assess
role
microbiota.
Results
As
compared
with
mice,
exacerbated
mice.
Moreover,
differed
Heparanase
microbiota-dependent
manner.
Specially,
commensal
Parabacteroid
es
contributed
most
distinguish
Administration
Parabacteroides
alleviated
In
addition,
produced
acetate
alleviate
heparanase-exacerbated
through
reducing
neutrophil
infiltration.
Conclusions
gut–pancreas
axis
played
an
important
may
be
beneficial
for
treatment.
Microorganisms,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10(6), С. 1168 - 1168
Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2022
B
vitamins
act
as
coenzymes
in
a
myriad
of
cellular
reactions.
These
include
energy
production,
methyl
donor
generation,
neurotransmitter
synthesis,
and
immune
functions.
Due
to
the
ubiquitous
roles
these
vitamins,
their
deficiencies
significantly
affect
host's
metabolism.
Recently,
novel
homeostasis
gut
microbial
ecology
intestinal
health
continue
be
unravelled.
This
review
focuses
on
functional
biosynthesis
how
influence
growth
proliferation
microbiota.
We
have
identified
bacteria
that
can
produce
biosynthetic
mechanisms
are
presented.
The
effects
vitamin
morphology,
inflammation,
its
disorders
also
discussed.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(11), С. 6097 - 6097
Опубликована: Май 29, 2022
Diabetes
and
obesity
are
metabolic
diseases
that
have
become
alarming
conditions
in
recent
decades.
Their
rate
of
increase
is
becoming
a
growing
concern
worldwide.
Recent
studies
established
the
composition
dysfunction
gut
microbiota
associated
with
development
diabetes.
For
this
reason,
strategies
such
as
use
prebiotics
to
improve
intestinal
microbial
structure
function
popular.
Consumption
for
modulating
results
production
metabolites
short-chain
fatty
acids
play
essential
roles
reducing
blood
glucose
levels,
mitigating
insulin
resistance,
inflammation,
promoting
secretion
glucagon-like
peptide
1
host,
accounts
observed
remission
diseases.
Prebiotics
can
be
either
naturally
extracted
from
non-digestible
carbohydrate
materials
or
synthetically
produced.
In
review,
we
discussed
current
findings
on
how
may
influence
host
metabolism
promote
health.
We
provided
evidence
various
show
ability
prebiotic
consumption
alter
profile,
functions,
physiology
alleviate
diabetes
obesity.
conclude
among
other
things
application
systems
biology
coupled
bioinformatics
could
ascertaining
exact
mechanisms
behind
prebiotic–gut
microbe–host
interactions
required
improvement.
Foods,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(2), С. 320 - 320
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2023
In
recent
years,
research
on
the
interaction
between
flavonoids
and
intestinal
microbes
have
prompted
a
rash
of
food
science,
nutriology
biomedicine,
complying
with
future
trends.
The
gut
microbiota
plays
an
essential
role
in
maintenance
homeostasis
human
health,
but
once
flora
dysregulation
occurs,
it
may
contribute
to
various
diseases.
Flavonoids
shown
variety
physiological
activities,
are
metabolized
or
biotransformed
by
microbiota,
thereby
producing
new
metabolites
that
promote
health
modulating
composition
structure
flora.
Herein,
this
review
demonstrates
key
notion
as
well
dysbiosis,
aiming
provide
comprehensive
understanding
about
how
regulate
diseases
microbiota.
Emphasis
is
placed
microbiota-flavonoid
bidirectional
affects
metabolic
fate
their
metabolites,
influencing
mechanism,
biotransformation,
bioavailability
bioactivity.
Potentially
focusing
abundance
diversity
such
bile
acids,
we
discuss
influence
mechanism
protecting
barrier
function
immune
system.
Additionally,
crucial
regulating
We
explain
underlying
regulation
several
typical
including
gastrointestinal
diseases,
obesity,
diabetes
cancer,
theoretical
basis
guideline
for
promotion
treatment
Gut
microbiota
and
its
association
with
cancer
development/treatment
has
been
intensively
studied
during
the
past
several
years.
Currently,
there
is
a
growing
interest
toward
next-generation
probiotics
(NGPs)
as
therapeutic
agents
that
alter
gut
impact
on
development.
In
present
review
we
focus
three
emerging
NGPs,
namely
Faecalibacterium
prausnitzii,
Akkermansia
muciniphila,
Bacteroides
fragilis
their
presence
in
digestive
tract
can
have
an
incidence.
These
NGPs
enhance
gastrointestinal
immunity,
maintain
intestinal
barrier
integrity,
produce
beneficial
metabolites,
act
against
pathogens,
improve
immunotherapy
efficacy,
reduce
complications
associated
chemotherapy
radiotherapy.
Notably,
use
of
patients
does
not
long
history
and,
although
safety
remains
relatively
undefined,
recently
published
data
shown
they
are
non-toxigenic.
Notwithstanding,
A.
muciniphila
may
promote
colitis
whereas
enterotoxigenic
B.
stimulates
chronic
inflammation
participates
colorectal
carcinogenesis.
Nevertheless,
majority
strains
provide
effect
to
host,
non-toxigenic
considered
best
current
NGP
candidate.
Overall,
studies
indicate
role
these
prevention
carcinogenesis
open
new
promising
options
for
patients.
